Anatomical Terms

Question 1

What is standard anatomical position

Answer 1

body erect, feet slightly apart, and palms face forward with thumbs pointing away from body

Question 2

What is the superior (cranial) orientation and give an example

Answer 2

Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body; above. ex// the head is superior to the abdomen

Question 3

What is the inferior (caudal) orientation and give an example

Answer 3

Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below ex// the naval is inferior to the chin

Question 4

What is the anterior (ventral) orientation and give an example

Answer 4

toward or at the front of the body; in front of. The breastbone is anterior to the spine

Question 5

What is the posterior (dorsal) orientation and give an example

Answer 5

toward or at the back of the body; behind. the heart is posterior to the breastbone

Question 6

What is the medial orientation and give an example

Answer 6

toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of ex// the heart is medial to the arm

Question 7

What is the lateral orientation and give an example

Answer 7

away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of ex// the arms are lateral to the chest

Question 8

What is the intermediate orientation and give an example

Answer 8

Between a more medial and a more lateral structure ex// the collarbone is intermediate between the breastbone and shoulder

Question 9

What is the proximal orientation and give an example

Answer 9

closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk ex// the elbow is proximal to the wrist

Question 10

what is the superficial (external) orientation and give an example

Answer 10

toward or at the body surface ex// the skin is superficial to the skeletal muscles

Question 11

What is the distal orientation and give an example

Answer 11

Farther from the origin of a body part of the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk ex// the knee is distal to the thigh

Question 12

what is deep (internal) and give an example

Answer 12

away from the body surface; more internal ex// the lungs are deep to the skin

Question 13

What are the two fundamental divisions of body

Answer 13

Axial: head, neck, and trunk
Appendicular: Appendages or limbs attached to axial skeleton

Question 14

Cephalic

Answer 14

head

Question 15

Cervical

Answer 15

neck

Question 16

Thoracic

Answer 16

Chest

Question 17

Abdominal

Answer 17

stomach

Question 18

Pelvic

Answer 18

Hip-region

Question 19

Pubic

Answer 19

genital

Question 20

Manus

Answer 20

hand

Question 21

Pedal

Answer 21

foot

Question 22

Saggital Plane

Answer 22

Vertical plane that divides body into right and left parts (middle of nose)

Question 23

Frontal Plane aka Coronal Plane

Answer 23

Vertical plane that divides body into anterior and posterior parts (doing a cartwheel)

Question 24

transverse plane

Answer 24

horizontal plane from right to left dividing body into superior and inferior parts (arms out spinning like a helicopter)

Question 25

What is a parasagittal plane

Answer 25

plane that is slightly off the center of the body

Question 26

oblique section

Answer 26

any view of the body that deviates from the standard of 90 degrees. It isnt commonly used because it is difficult to interpret.

Question 27

What are the two types of body cavities

Answer 27

Dorsal and Ventral

Question 28

What are the two cavities present in the dorsal body cavity

Answer 28

1. Cranial Cavity
2. Vertebral (spinal) Cavity

Question 29

What is the cranial cavity

Answer 29

enclosed by the bones of the skull and houses the brain

Question 30

What is the vertebral cavity

Answer 30

enclosed by the vertebral canal and houses the spinal cord

Question 31

Both dorsal cavities are completely enclosed by _____

Answer 31

bone

Question 32

What are the two major divisions of the Ventral body cavity

Answer 32

the Thoracic cavity (superior) and the Abdominopelvic (inferior)

Question 33

What are the 2 subdivisions of the Thoracic cavity

Answer 33

1. two lateral pleural cavities (surrounds the lungs)
2. medial mediastinum containing the central pericardial activity (surrounds heart, great vessels, trachea, and esophagus.)

Question 34

What are the two parts of the abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 34

1. Superior abdominal cavity (stomach intestines spleen liver)
2. Inferior pelvic cavity (bladder, some repr. organs, rectum)

Question 35

What is the membrane in the ventral cavity

Answer 35

The serosa (serous membrane). It is a thin double layered membrane

Question 36

What are the two types of serosa in the ventral cavity

Answer 36

1. Parietal Serosa: lines internal body cavity walls (lines the cavity itself)
2. Visceral Serosa: covers internal organs (hugs the organs in the cavity)

Question 37

What is Serous Fluid

Answer 37

fluid that is secreted by both layers of membranes in the ventral cavity. It fills the separation of the two layers to prevent friction and nourish.

Question 38

What is the membrane called that lines the heart

Answer 38

Pericardium

Question 39

What is the membrane called that lines the lungs

Answer 39

Pleurae

Question 40

What is the membrane called that lines the abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 40

Peritoneum

Question 41

what are the 4 quadrants of the abdominopelvic region

Answer 41

right upper quadrant, left upper quadrant, right lower quadrant, left lower quadrant

Question 42

Where do the quadrant transverse and median planes intersect

Answer 42

The umbilicus (belly button)