anatomy Flashcards
(156 cards)
1
Q
obturator nerve nerve roots
A
L2-4
2
Q
femoral nerve nerve roots
A
L2-4
3
Q
sciatic nerve nerve roots
A
L4-S3
4
Q
LFCN nerve roots
A
L2-L3
5
Q
ilioinguinal nerve roots
A
T12-L1
6
Q
iliohypogastric nerve roots
A
T12-L1
7
Q
genitofemoral nerve roots
A
L1-2
8
Q
anatomy at suprascapular notch
A
superior transverse scapular ligament separates suprascapular artery superiorly and nerve inferiorly (army over navy - artery over nerve)
9
Q
first bone to ossify
A
clavicle at 5 weeks
10
Q
humeral head retroversion
A
30 degrees
11
Q
humeral head height
A
5.6 cm above superior border of pec major tendon
12
Q
what prevents AP displacement at the AC joint
A
AC ligaments
13
Q
CC ligament locations relative to AC joint
A
conoid is more medial (45 mm from AC joint, stronger), trapezoid is more lateral (25 mm from AC joint)
14
Q
borders of quadrangular space
A
superior - teres minor, inferior - teres major, medial - long head of triceps, lateral - humerus
15
Q
contents of quadrangular space
A
axillary nerve, posterior humeral circumflex vessels
16
Q
borders of triangular space
A
superior - teres minor, inferior - teres major, lateral - long head of triceps
17
Q
contents of triangular space
A
circumflex scapular vessels
18
Q
borders of triangular interval
A
superior - teres major, lateral - lateral head of triceps/humerus, medial - long head of triceps
19
Q
contents of triangular interval
A
radial nerve and profunda brachii artery
20
Q
trapezius innervation
A
cranial nerve XI (accessory nerve)
21
Q
lat innervation
A
thoracodorsal nerve
22
Q
rhomboids innervation
A
dorsal scapluar nerve
23
Q
levator scapulae innervation
A
C3 and C4 nerves
24
Q
pec major innervation
A
medial and lateral pectoral nerves
25
pec minor innervation
medial pectoral nerve
26
serratus anterior innervation
long thoracic nerve
27
deltoid innervation
axillary nerve
28
teres major innervation
lower subscapular nerve
29
subscap innervation
upper and lower subscapular nerves
30
supraspinatus innervation
suprascapular nerve
31
infraspinatus innervation
suprascapular nerve
32
teres minor innervation
axillary nerve
33
order of insertion at intertubercular groove
pec major most lateral, lat in the middle, teres major most medial
34
main blood supply to humeral head
anterolateral branch of anterior humeral circumflex artery
35
muscles innervated by radial nerve proper
triceps, anconeus, ECRL, ECRB, brachioradialis
36
muscles innervated by PIN
ED, supinator, EDM, ECU, APL, EPL, EPB, EIP
37
what nerve does posterior cutaneous nerve to the arm and forearm come from
radial nerve
38
which cord does the radial nerve originate from
posterior cord
39
where is the spiral groove safe zone in a posterior approach to the humerus
10 cm distal to lateral acromion, 10 cm proximal to lateral epicondyle
40
where does the radial nerve pierce the intermuscular septum?
never less than 7.5 cm above articular surface
41
primary static stabilizer to valgus stress at the elbow
medial/ulnar collateral ligament, anterior bundle most important
42
where does the LUCL attach distally
supinator crest
43
what is the ligament of struthers
attaches supracondylar process and medial epicondyle, site of compression for median nerve
44
biceps brachii insertion
ulnar margin of radial tuberosity, long head is proximal, short head is distal
45
first carpal bone to ossify
capitate at 1 year
46
when are anterior and posterior bands of UCL taut
0-60 = anterior, 60-120 = posterior
47
coracobrachialis innervation
musculocutaneous nerve
48
biceps brachii innervation
musculocutaneous nerve
49
brachialis innervation
musculocutaneous and radial
50
triceps innervation
radial nerve
51
pronator teres origin, insertion, innervation
origin medial epicondyle and coronoid, insertion midlateral radius, innervation median nerve
52
FCU origin, insertion, innervation
origin medial epicondyle and posterior ulna, insertion pisiform, innervation ulnar nerve
53
pronator quadratus innervation
AIN
54
brachioradialis origin, insertion, innervation
origin lateral supracondylar humerus, insertion lateral distal radius, innervation radial nerve
55
ECRL origin, insertion, innervation
origin lateral supracondylar humerus, insertion second metacarpal base, innervation radial nerve
56
ECRB origin, insertion, innervation
origin lateral epicondyle, insertion third metacarpal base, innervation radial nerve
57
anconeus origin, insertion, innervation
origin lateral epicondyle, insertion proximal dorsal ulna, innervation radial nerve
58
extensor digitorum origin, insertion, innervation
origin lateral epicondyle, insertion extensor aponeurosis, innervation PIN
59
EDM origin, insertion, innervation
origin common extensor tendon, insertion small finger extensor expansion over P1, innervation PIN
60
ECU origin, insertion, innervation
origin lateral epicondyle, insertion fifth metacarpal base, innervation PIN
61
what nerve does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm come from?
musculocutaneous
62
terminal branches of upper trunk of brachial plexus
suprascapular nerve, nerve to subclavius
63
which hand intrinsics are innervated by the median nerve
1/2 LOAF 1/2 - half of the lumbricals, opponens pollicis, APB, 1/2 of FPB (superficial head)
64
origin and insertion of lumbricals
origin - FDP, insertion - radial lateral bands
65
terminal branches of lateral cord
musculocutaneous, lateral pectoral nerve, median
66
terminal branches of posterior cord
radial, axillary, upper and lower subscapular, thoracodorsal
67
terminal branches of medial cord
ulnar, medial pectoral, medial brachial cutaneous, medial antebrachial cutaneous, median
68
which cord does the musculocutaneous nerve come from
lateral
69
which cord does the radial nerve come from
posterior
70
which cord does the axillary nerve come from
posterior
71
which cord does the ulnar nerve come from
medial
72
which cord does the median nerve come from
medial and lateral
73
what is the only peripheral nerve originating from a root of the brachial plexus?
dorsal scapular (Rhomboids)
74
medial scapular winging
long thoracic nerve, serratus anterior
75
lateral scapular winging
spinal accessory nerve, trapezius
76
where does musculocutaneous enter the coracobrachialis
5-8 cm distal to coracoid
77
muscles innervated by musculocutaneous
coracobrachialis, brachialis, biceps
78
where does the anterior branch of the axillary nerve enter deltoid fascia
5-7 cm distal to acromion
79
where is the spiral groove relative to medial and lateral epicondyles
20cm from medial epicondyle, 14cm from lateral epicondyle
80
course of superficial sensory branch of radial nerve
emerges through antebrachial fascia 6-9cm proximal to styloid, runs between BR and ECRL
81
muscles innervated by AIN
FDP to first and second, FPL, PQ
82
muscles innervated by median nerve
pronator teres, FCR, PL, FDS, 1/2LOAF1/2 (radial lumbricals, opponens pollicis, APB, supinator head of FPB)
83
muscles innervated by ulnar nerve
FCU, FDP to 3 and 4, palmaris brevis, abductor and opponens digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, lumbricals 3 and 4, interossei, adductor pollicis, deep head of FPB
84
where does AIN run
branches 4cm distal to elbow then runs between FPL and FDP, terminates in PQ
85
where does palmar cutaneous branch start
branches off of median nerve 6 cm proximal to styloid
86
course of ulnar nerve
passes posterior to medial IM septum at Arcade of Struthers 8-10 cm from medial epicondyle, crosses elbow post to ME in cubital tunnel, enters forearm between 2 heads of FCU, runs between FCU and FDP
87
where does the dorsal cutaneous branch come off ulnar nerve
7 cm proximal to ulnar styloid
88
relationship of brachial artery to surrounding muscles in AC fossa
BR is lateral, PT is medial, brachialis and supinator are posterior
89
supply of palmar arches
radial artery becomes deep palmar arch, ulnar artery becomes superficial palmar arch
90
which palmar arch do the digital arteries arise from
superficial
91
structures separating greater and lesser sciatic notch/foramina
iliac spine and sacrospinous ligament
92
strongest hip capsular ligament
iliofemoral (Y ligament of Bigalow)
93
iliacus innervation
femoral
94
psoas innervation
femoral
95
pectineus innervation
femoral and obturator
96
rectus femoris innervation
femoral
97
sartorius innervation
femoral
98
hamstring muscles and innervations
biceps femoris long head, semitendinosus, semimembranosus - tibial. biceps femoris short head - peroneal
99
gracilis innervation
obturator
100
adductor muscles and innervations
brevis and longus - obturator, magnus obturator and tibial
101
glute muscles and innervations
minimus and medius - superior gluteal. maximus - inferior gluteal
102
TFL innervation
superior gluteal
103
bundle of ACL tested with pivot shift
posterolateral
104
what does the posterior oblique ligament do
resist internal rotation with knee in full extension
105
main components of posterolateral corner
LCL, popliteus tendon, popliteofibular ligament
106
primary blood supply to talar body
artery of the tarsal canal from posterior tibial artery
107
tib ant origin and insertion
origin lateral tibia, insertion medial cuneiform and first metatarsal
108
EHL origin and insertion
origin mid fibula, insertion distal phalanx of great toe
109
EDL origin and insertion
origin tibial condyle/fibula, insertion middle and distal phalanges of toes
110
peroneus tertius origin and insertion
origin fibula and EDL tendon, insertion fifth metatarsal,
111
peroneus longus origin and insertion
origin proximal fibula, insertion medial cuneiform and first metatarsal
112
peroneus brevis origin and insertion
origin distal fibula, insertion tuberosity of fifth metatarsal
113
FHL origin and insertion
origin fibula, insertion distal phalanx of great toe
114
FDL origin and insertion
origin tibia, insertion distal phalanges of second through fifth toes
115
tibialis posterior origin and insertion
origin tibia, fibula, IOM. insertion navicular and medial cuneiform
116
ligaments that make up syndesmosis
AITFL, PITFL, IOL, transverse fibular ligament
117
what ligament supports the head of the talus
plantar calcaneonavicular (spring)
118
lisfranc ligament
medial cuneiform to second metatarsal
119
spring ligament attachments
sustentaculum tali to navicular
120
nerves exiting below the piriformis
POPS IQ - pudendal, nerve to obturator internus, posterior femoral cutaneous, sciatic, inferior gluteal, nerve to quadratus femoris
121
where does femoral nerve run
between iliacus and psoas, enters thigh via femoral triangle under inguinal ligament
122
structures in femoral triangle (lateral to medial)
NAVeL - femoral Nerve, Artery, Vein, empty, Lymphatics
123
saphenous nerve nerve roots
L3-4
124
relationship between peroneal and tibial divisions of sciatic nerve
peroneal more lateral
125
structures exiting greater sciatic foramen
piriformis, superior and inferior gluteal nerves and vessels, sciatic nerve, pudendal nerve, internal pudendal vessels, posterior femoral cutaneous nerve, nerve to obturator internus and quadratus femoris
126
structures exiting lesser sciatic foramen
obturator internus, pudendal nerve, nerve to obturator internus, internal pudendal vessels
127
which posterior thigh muscle is not supplied by the tibial division of the sciatic nerve?
short head of biceps femoris is supplied by peroneal division of sciatic nerve
128
what nerve innervates all of the intrinsics of the foot except one?
tibial (via medial and lateral plantar nerves), EDB is innervated by DPN
129
what is baxter's nerve
most proximal branch of lateral plantar nerve that supplies abductor digiti quinti
130
two terminal cutaneous branches of SPN
dorsal medial and dorsal intermediate cutaneous nerves
131
two terminal branches of tibial nerve
medial and lateral plantar (divide under flexor retinaculum)
132
corona mortis
anastomosis between inferior epigastric (external iliac) and obturator (internal iliac)
133
course of femoral artery from aorta
aorta bifurcates to common iliacs at L4, common iliacs divide to internal and external at S1, external iliac continues under inguinal ligament to become femoral artery
134
what motion occurs at occiput-C1
50% of flexion/extension
135
what motion occurs at C1-C2
50% of rotation
136
apex of lumbar lordosis
L3
137
C5 muscle
deltoid
138
C6 motion
wrist extension
139
C7 motion
wrist flexion
140
C8 motion
finger flexion
141
T1 motion
interossei
142
L4 muscle
tib ant
143
L5 motion
toe extensors
144
S1 muscles
peroneal
145
structures in carotid sheath
internal and common carotid arteries, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve (CN X)
146
where does piriformis originate
anterior sacrum
147
where is the sciatic nerve relative to the ischial tuberosity?
1.2 cm lateral
148
where is the radial nerve relative to the confluence of triceps aponeurosis and long/lateral head of triceps
4 cm proximal
149
where does radial nerve branch to PIN and superficial sensory
1-3 cm distal to lateral epicondyle
150
where does AIN branch from medial nerve
4cm distal to elbow, runs between FPL and FDP
151
what nerve is at risk with posterior ICBG and where does it branch
superior cluneal nerve, branches 8cm lateral to PSIS
152
what nerve lies on the anteromedial psoas muscle
genitofemoral
153
mnemonic for lumbar plexus
I (twice) get laid on fridays - iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal, genitofemoral, LFCN, obturator, femoral
154
which nerve emerges anterior to the psoas
genitofemoral
155
which nerve emerges medial to the psoas
obturator
156
which nerves emerge lateral to the psoas
iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal, LFCN, femoral
