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1
Q

is medial or lateral meniscus tear more common

A

medial

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2
Q

is medial or lateral meniscus tear more common with ACL tear?

A

lateral

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3
Q

function of posterior oblique ligament

A

primary stabilizer against internal rotation and valgus from 0-30 flexion

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4
Q

+ dial test at 30 degrees only

A

isolated posterolateral corner injury

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5
Q

+ dial test at 30 and 90 degrees

A

PCL + posterolateral corner injury

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6
Q

MPFL attachments

A

origin: Schottle’s point (distal to adductor tubercle, proximal to medial epicondyle)
insertion: proximal third medial patella

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7
Q

origin of posterior oblique ligament

A

adductor tubercle

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8
Q

function of ACL anteromedial bundle

A

anterior restraint, tight in flexion

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9
Q

function of ACL posterolateral bundle

A

rotatory restraint, tight in extension

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10
Q

what does the Lachman and anterior drawer test evaluate?

A

ACL anteromedial bundle

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11
Q

what does pivot shift evaluate?

A

ACL posterolateral bundle

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12
Q

blood supply of ACL and PCL

A

branches of middle genicular artery and the fat pad

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13
Q

which ACL bundle originates proximal to the bifurcate ridge?

A

anteromedial

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14
Q

layer 1 of lateral knee

A

IT tract, biceps femoris

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15
Q

structures between layer 1 and 2 of lateral knee

A

common peroneal nerve

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16
Q

layer 2 of lateral knee

A

patellar retinaculum

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17
Q

superficial layer 3 of lateral knee

A

LCL, ALL, fabellofibular ligament

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18
Q

structure between deep and superficial layer 3 of lateral knee

A

lateral geniculate artery

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19
Q

deep layer 3 of lateral knee

A

arcuate ligament, coronary ligament, popliteus, popliteofibular ligament, capsule

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20
Q

layer 1 of medial knee

A

sartorius/sartorial fascia

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21
Q

structures between layers 1 and 2 of medial knee

A

gracilis, semitendinosus, saphenous nerve

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22
Q

layer 2 of medial knee

A

MPFL, POL, superficial MCL, semimembranosus

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23
Q

layer 3 of medial knee

A

capsule, deep MCL, coronary ligament

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24
Q

what’s the most anterior structure inserting on the fibular head?

A

LCL

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25
what structure is the primary stabilizer of external tibial rotation?
posterolateral corner
26
main components of posterolateral corner
LCL, popliteus, popliteofibular ligament
27
what does the popliteus do?
internally rotates the tibia
28
where is the popliteal artery relative to the PCL
lateral and posterior
29
what ACL graft has the greatest tensile strength
quadrupled hamstring
30
how do you calculate insall-salvati ratio?
length of patellar tendon over length of patella
31
what happens in the pivot shift test
lateral tibia is subluxed in full extension (+valgus/internal rotation), IT band reduces tibia at 20-30 degrees of flexion causing a palpable clunk
32
gold standard meniscus repair
inside-out with vertical mattress
33
where are Bakers cysts usually located?
between semimembranosus and medial head of gastroc
34
most sensitive test for ACL
Lachmans
35
result of vertical tunnel in ACL
decreased rotational stability
36
result of anterior femoral tunnel in ACL
limited flexion
37
ACL innervation
posterior articular nerve (branch of tibial nerve)
38
acute management of quads contusion
cold compression and overnight immobilization in 120 degrees flexion
39
risk with hip scope anterolateral portal
superior gluteal nerve
40
risks with hip scope anterior portal
LFCN, ascending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery, femoral neurovascular bundle
41
risks with hip scope DALA portal (direct anterolateral)
ascending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery
42
risks with hip scope posterolateral portal
sciatic nerve
43
most common location of os acromiale
junction of meso and meta acromion
44
main vascular supply to humeral head
posterior humeral circumflex artery
45
contents of rotator interval
coracohumeral ligament, SGHL, biceps tendon, glenohumeral capsule
46
borders of rotator interval
lateral coracoid base, supraspinatus, subscap, transverse humeral ligament
47
inheritance of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
autosomal dominant with variable pentrance
48
shoulder scope posterior portal risks
axillary nerve, suprascapular nerve and artery
49
shoulder scope anterior portal risks
cephalic vein, axillary nerve and artery
50
shoulder scope superior portal risks
suprascapular nerve and artery
51
what is a bankart lesion
anteroinferior labral tear
52
what nerve is at risk in a pec major transfer
musculocutaneous
53
histology of adhesive capsulitis
dense matrix of type III collagen containing fibroblast and myofibroblasts
54
lateral scapular winging
spinal accessory nerve/trapezius
55
medial scapular winging
long thoracic nerve/serratus anterior
56
function of posterior horn of medial meniscus
secondary stabilizer to anterior tibial translation
57
nerve at risk with BTB harvest
infrapatellar branch of saphenous nerve
58
which PCL technique has a biomechanical advantage?
tibial inlay, decrease in killer turn and graft attenuation (compared to trans-tibial)
59
which compartments develop arthritis in chronic PCL tears?
medial and patellofemoral
60
most common site of injury for MCL
femoral origin
61
most common complication of mensical transplantation
meniscal allograft tear
62
what forms to heal an articular cartilage injury
fibrocartilage (type 1)
63
benefits of OATS vs microfracture
can be used with subchondral bone loss, results in type II hyaline cartilage (vs type I fibrocartilage), RTP 4-6 months (vs 6-9 months)
64
when does ROM begin after SLAP repair?
7-10 days, passive and active assist
65
which nerve is at risk with subpec biceps tenodesis?
musculocutaneous
66
pitcher with pain in late cocking phase and loss of velocity/lack of command
internal impingement
67
surgical indications for partial rotator cuff tear
articular-sided >50% thickness/6mm, bursal-sided >25% thickness/3mm
68
what is the primary restraint to valgus stress in normal elbow ROM
anterior bundle of UCL
69
secondary restraint to valgus stress in normal elbow ROM
radial head
70
primary restraint to valgus stress with elbow in maximal flexion
posterior bundle of UCL
71
insertion of anterior bundle of UCL
sublime tubercle of medial coronoid process
72
insertion of LUCL
supinator crest
73
primary restraint to varus and external rotation stress through elbow ROM
LUCL
74
muscle involved in lateral epicondylitis
ECRB origin
75
histology of lateral epicondylitis
angiofibroblastic hyperplasia
76
muscle involved in medial epicondylitis
flexor pronator mass origin
77
is LCL-deficient elbow more stable in pronation or supination
pronation
78
which direction does the radial head subluxate in a lateral pivot shift?
posterior
79
what throwing phases place highest stress on UCL?
late cocking, acceleration
80
nerve at risk in anteromedial elbow portal
medial antebrachial cutaneus and median nerves
81
nerve at risk in elbow proximal anteromedial portal
medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve
82
nerve at risk in elbow anterolateral portals
lateral antebrachial cutaneous and radial nerves
83
nerve at risk in elbow posterolateral portal
posterior antebrachial cutaneous
84
what position do you splint in for isolated LUCL rupture?
pronation
85
what position do you splint in for elbow MCL rupture with intact LUCL?
supination
86
most likely initiating location of rotator cuff tear
15 mm posterior to biceps tendon near supra/infra junction
87
muscle involved in lateral epicondylitis
ECRB
88
pivot shift for PLRI
radial head dislocates posteriorly in extension and reduces in flexion
89
top 2 most common cause of sudden death in athletes
1 = HOCM, 2 = CAD
90
when can you RTP with herpes lesions
no new lesions for 72 hours/meds for 5 days
91
RTP with impetigo
no crusting
92
anterior tibial tunnel in ACL
notch impingement
93
posterior tibial tunnel in ACL
PCL impingement
94
where does popliteus originate relative to LCL
POP is DAD - popliteus is deep, anterior, and distal to LCL on femur
95
rate of OA following knee dislocation
25% at 10 years
96
TTTG to consider TTO
>20

Miller (12 decks)

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