anatomy

Question 1

Normal blood pH can be described in chemical terms as:

Answer 1

slightly alkaline

Question 2

Oxygen has 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 8 electrons. what is its atomic mass?

Answer 2

16

Question 3

which of the following is NOT a characteristics of water
- lubricates body surfaces
- high solubility
- low heat capacity
- hydrogen bonding

Answer 3

low heat capacity

Question 4

what is the chemical reactions that release energy?

Answer 4

exergonic

Question 5

what is the term for a reaction involving water, that breaks molecules into smaller fragments

Answer 5

hydrolysis

Question 6

the number of which subatomic particle will vary in different isotopes os an elements ________

Answer 6

neutrons

Question 7

when atoms share electrons what type of bond do they form?

Answer 7

covalent

Question 8

which of the following is the basis of surface tension?
- ionic bonds
- hydrostatic bonds
- hydrogen bonds
- adhesive bonds

Answer 8

hydrogen bonds

Question 9

the number and arrangement of electrons in an atoms outer shell determine its elements

Answer 9

chemical properties

Question 10

when the body generates significant quantities of acids it may disrupt which of the following?
- it will increase pH level above 7.5
- It will decrease the pH level
- it will result in sustained muscular tetany

Answer 10

It will decrease the pH le el

Question 11

the term_________ means enzymes catalyzes inly one type of reaction

Answer 11

specificity

Question 12

A solute that dissociates to release hydrogen ions and causes a decrease in pH is a/an

Answer 12

acid

Question 13

isotopes of an element are

Answer 13

atoms whose nuclei have different numbers of neutrons

Question 14

by weight, which element is the second most abundant in the human body?

Answer 14

carbon

Question 15

the chemical properties of every element are determined by:

Answer 15

number and arrangement of electrons in the outer energy level

Question 16

AB-> A + B is

Answer 16

decomposition

Question 17

A + B -> AB is

Answer 17

synthesis

Question 18

The smallest stable units of matter are

Answer 18

atoms

Question 19

which of the following statements about water is not correct
- it is composed of polar molecules
- it is responsible for much of the mass of the human body
- it has a relatively low heat capacity
- it can dissolve many substances

Answer 19

It has a relatively low heat capacity

Question 20

molecules the do not readily dissolve in water are called

Answer 20

hydrophobic

Question 21

the most abundant high-energy compound in cells is:

Answer 21

adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 22

which of the following is the mechanism of enzymes
- lower activation energy
- add kinetic energy to reactants
- slow down substances
- provide energy to make bonds

Answer 22

lower activation energy

Question 23

the number and arrangement of electrons in an atoms outer shell determine its elements

Answer 23

chemical properties

Question 24

which of the following is the basis of surface tension
- ionic bonds
- hydrostatic bonds
- hydrogen bonds
- adhesive bonds

Answer 24

hydrogen bonds

Question 25

when atoms share electrons what type os bond do they form

Answer 25

covalent

Question 26

the number of which subatomic particle will vary in different isotopes of an element

Answer 26

neutrons

Question 27

what is the term for a reaction involving water, that breaks molecules into smaller fragments

Answer 27

hydrolysis

Question 28

what term is used for chemical reactions that release energy

Answer 28

exergonic

Question 29

oxygen has 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 8 electrons. what is the atomic mass

Answer 29

16

Question 30

normal blood pH can be described in chemical terms as

Answer 30

slightly alkaline

Question 31

in the membranes 'skin' of the cell what makes up the hydrophobic interior region

Answer 31

fatty acid tails

Question 32

which of the following organelles is often associated with ribosomes? - SER - RER - Golgi apparatus - Peroxisomes

Answer 32

RER

Question 33

Which organelles are responsible for the production of ATP

Answer 33

Mitochondria

Question 34

What do ribosomes produce

Answer 34

protein

Question 35

Which of the following will happen to a human cell in a hypertonic solution - it will swell - it will burst - it will crenate (shrivel) - it will maintain the same

Answer 35

It will crenate (shrivel)

Question 36

What percent of sodium chloride would a solution of normal saline require

Answer 36

0.9 percent

Question 37

synthesis of lipids and glycogen takes place at the what

Answer 37

smooth ER

Question 38

faty acid tails make up the _____ portion of the membrane and are located on the _____ of the membrane

Answer 38

hydrophobic; inside

Question 39

Cells that lack a nucleus

Answer 39

Wear out in a few months

Question 40

active transport requires which molecule

Answer 40

ATP

Question 41

Red blood cells crenate (get spiky) in what type of solution

Answer 41

hypertonic

Question 42

normal saline is which type of solution

Answer 42

isotonic

Question 43

in active transport what provides the energy needed to move ions or molecules across the membrane?

Answer 43

ATP molecules

Question 44

which of the following is an example of both passive and carrier mediated transport - osmosis - exchange pump - facilitated diffusion - endocytosis

Answer 44

facilitated diffusion

Question 45

which method of transport is responsible for low sodium and high potassium in the cell

Answer 45

active transport

Question 46

what type of cell in the human body possess a flagellum

Answer 46

sperm cell

Question 47

for most of their lives cells are in which phase

Answer 47

interphase

Question 48

Most of the ATP required to power cellular operation is produced in the

Answer 48

mitochondria

Question 49

Synthesis of lipids and glycogen takes place at the

Answer 49

smooth ER

Question 50

The stage in a cells life in which the cell performs its normal functions and prepares for division is called

Answer 50

interphase

Question 51

water molecules and small ions enter a cell through

Answer 51

channels formed by integral proteins

Question 52

carrier molecules are located within the

Answer 52

plasma membrane

Question 53

functions of the plasma membrane include all of the following except - separation of the cytoplasm from the extracellular fluid - regulation of exchange of materials with the extracellular environment - sensitivity to chemical changes in the extracellular fluid - thermal insulation

Answer 53

thermal insulation

Question 54

the extra cellular fluid in most tissues is called the _______ fluid

Answer 54

interstitial

Question 55

__________ is when a vesicle fuses to the plasma membrane and discharges its contents to the extracellular environment

Answer 55

exocytosis

Question 56

the _________ of a membrane indicates how easy it is for substances to cross

Answer 56

permeability

Question 57

the effect of diffusion in the body is:

Answer 57

to work toward elimination of the concentration gradient

Question 58

What is the study of tissue called

Answer 58

Histology

Question 59

What is the study of tissue called

Answer 59

Histology

Question 60

what is in the right upper quadrant (RUQ)

Answer 60

- liver - gallbladder - large intestine - small intestine

Question 61

what is in the right lower quadrant (RLQ)

Answer 61

appendix

Question 62

what is in the left upper quadrant

Answer 62

- stomach - spleen

Question 63

what is in the left lower quadrant

Answer 63

- urinary bladder

Question 64

which of the following would be considered the largest organ of the body - heart - skin - liver - brain

Answer 64

skin

Question 65

the primary function of the skin is to

Answer 65

protect underlying body tissues

Question 66

which of the following is the major contributor to skin wrinkling - chronic UV exposure - poor nutrition - excessive skin moisture - inherited genetic factors

Answer 66

chronic UV exposure

Question 67

the outer layer of skin is known as:

Answer 67

Epidermis

Question 68

flat <1 cm of skin with change in skin colour: ex. are freckles, petechiae, measles what's it called

Answer 68

macule

Question 69

tumour consisting of blood or lymph vessels

Answer 69

angioma

Question 70

redness that occurs in patches of various size and shape

Answer 70

erythema

Question 71

greyish blue skin tones, esp. in nail beds and earlobe

Answer 71

cyanosis

Question 72

yellowish green colour most often seen in scerla and palms of hand and soles of feet

Answer 72

jaundice

Question 73

blue-gray birthmark on lower back/buttocks of newborn:

Answer 73

mongolian spot

Question 74

the advantage of increased surface area of papillary ridges is to

Answer 74

aid attachment of epidermis to the dermal layer

Question 75

which of the following is NOT a function of the skin - thermoregulation - immune responses - sex hormone production - salt and waste excretion

Answer 75

sex hormone production

Question 76

Melanocytes are located in the stratum

Answer 76

basale

Question 77

Blisters and other healing events heal slowest in

Answer 77

the elderly

Question 78

the sweat glands that are located in limited regions of the body such as axillary and pubis are called

Answer 78

apocrine

Question 79

nail production occurs at the nail

Answer 79

root

Question 80

when the arrestor pili muscles contract what is formed

Answer 80

goose bumps

Question 81

glands that are located in the passageway of the external ear are called ______ glands

Answer 81

ceruminous

Question 82

what type of burn appears inflamed and feels tender but has no blisters

Answer 82

first degree

Question 83

the majority of the vascularization of integumentary tissue is in the

Answer 83

dermis

Question 84

which facial bone contains a sinus

Answer 84

maxilla

Question 85

which type of vertebra is the most numerous

Answer 85

thoracic(12)

Question 86

which bone is the manubrium part of ?

Answer 86

sternum

Question 86

with which vertebrae do the floating ribs articulate

Answer 86

thoracic 11 and 12

Question 87

which bone attaches the appendicular skeleton to the sternum

Answer 87

the clavicle (appendicular skeleton is arms and legs)

Question 88

which hip bone bears the body's weight when seated

Answer 88

ischium (ischial tuberosity)

Question 89

which of the following is typical of a female pelvis

Answer 89

pubic angle > 100 degrees (everything is more open for child bearing)

Question 90

what covers the surface of bone at the articulating surface within a synovial joint

Answer 90

articular cartilage (makes it smoother)

Question 91

which of these refers oto moving the sole of the foot medially - dorsiflexion - eversion - protraction - inversion

Answer 91

inverion

Question 92

which of the following can successfully be treated with surgical joint replacement - osteoarthritis - osteoporosis - rheumatism - osteopenia

Answer 92

osteoarthritis

Question 93

Which of these surrounds a muscle fascicle

Answer 93

Perimysium

Question 94

Which term refers to the plasma membranes of a muscle cell

Answer 94

Sarcolemma

Question 95

Which of these is the part of the muscle fibre simulated by a motor neuron Synaptic cleft Junctional fold Sarcolemma Motor end plate

Answer 95

Motor end plate

Question 96

What ion flows when a nerve ending stimulates a muscle cell

Answer 96

Sodium

Question 97

What chemical is secreted by motor neurons at neuromuscular junctions in skeletal muscle

Answer 97

Acetylcholine

Question 98

I hide of the following end the stimulation of the muscle fibre - calcium - sodium - AChE - ACh

Answer 98

AChE

Question 99

What ion trigger the movement of troponin to expose actins active site

Answer 99

Calcium

Question 100

What name is given for the point of attachment of a muscle on the move able end

Answer 100

Insertion

Question 101

Which of these rotates the neck - platysma - sternocleidomastoid - trapezius

Answer 101

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 102

The major extensor of the elbow is

Answer 102

Triceps brachii

Question 103

The major extensor of the elbow is

Answer 103

Triceps brachii