Anatomy

Question 1

The brain is classified into six postembryonic divisions

Answer 1

telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, pons, medulla oblongata, cerebellum

Question 2

Telencephlaon consists of ____

Answer 2

cerebral hemispheres and the basal nuclei

Question 3

Cerebral hemispheres emcompasses which brain regions

Answer 3

frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe and lateral ventricles

Question 4

Cerebral hemispheres are separated by which structures

Answer 4

the longitudinal cerebral fissure and the falx cerebri

Question 5

Cerebral hemispheres are interconnected by which structure

Answer 5

corpus callosum

Question 6

Frontal lob extends from ___ to ____

Answer 6

central sulcus, frontal lobe

Question 7

Gyri of the frontal lobe

Answer 7

superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, gyrus rectus and orbital gyri, anterior paracentral lobule

Question 8

Superior frontal gyrus (describe)

Answer 8

supplementary motor cortex on the medial surface (area 6)

Question 9

Middle frontal gyrus (describe)

Answer 9

contains the frontal eye field (area 8)

Question 10

Inferior frontal gyrus (describe)

Answer 10

contains the Broca speech area in the dominant hemisphere (areas 44 and 45)

Question 11

Gyrus rectus and orbital gyri (describe)

Answer 11

separated by the olfactory sulcus

Question 12

Anterior paracentral lobule (describe)

Answer 12

Found on the medial surface between the superior frontal gyrus and the central sulcus

Question 13

Parietal lobe (location)

Answer 13

extends from the central sulcus to the occiptal lobe. Lies superior to the temporal lobe.

Question 14

Gyri of the parietal lobe

Answer 14

postcentral gyrus, superior parietal lobule, inferior parietal lobule, precuneus, posterior paracentral lobule

Question 15

Postcentral gyrus (describe)

Answer 15

the primary somatosensory area of the cerebral cortex (areas 3, 1, and 2)

Question 16

Superior parietal lobule (describe)

Answer 16

comprises association areas involved in somatosensory functions (areas 5 and 7)

Question 17

Gyri of inferior parietal lobule

Answer 17

supramarginal gyrus, angular gyrus

Question 18

Supramarginal gyrus (describe)

Answer 18

interrelates somatosensory, auditory, and visual inputs (area 40)

Question 19

Angular gyrus (describe)

Answer 19

receives impulses from primary visual cortex (area 39)

Question 20

Precuneus (describe)

Answer 20

located between the paracentral lobule and the cuneus

Question 21

Posterior paracentral lobule (describe)

Answer 21

located on the medial surface between the central sulcus and the precuneus

Question 22

Temporal lobe (location)

Answer 22

extends from the temporal pole to the occipital lobe, inferior to the lateral sulcus

Question 23

Gyri of the temporal lobe

Answer 23

transverse temporal gyri of Heschl, superior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, lateral occipitotemporal gyrus (fusiform gyrus)

Question 24

Transverse temporal gyri of Heschl (location)

Answer 24

found within the lateral sulcus, from the superior gyrus toward the medial geniculate body

Question 25

Transverse temporal gyri of Heschl (describe)

Answer 25

primary auditory areas of the cerebral cortex (areas 41 and 42)

Question 26

Superior temporal gyrus (function)

Answer 26

associated with auditory functions

Question 27

Superior temporal gyrus (describe)

Answer 27

contains the Wernicke speech area in the dominant hemisphere (area 22)

Question 28

Occipital lobe contains two structures

Answer 28

Cuneus and lingual gyrus

Question 29

Cuneus (location)

Answer 29

situated between the parieto-occipital sulcus and the calcarine sulcus

Question 30

Cuneus (describe)

Answer 30

contains the visual cortex (areas 17, 18, and 19)

Question 31

Lingual gyrus (describe)

Answer 31

contains the cisual cortex (areas 17, 18, and 19)

Question 32

Lingual gyrus (location)

Answer 32

lies inferior to the calcarine sulcus

Question 33

Insular lobe (location)

Answer 33

lies within the lateral sulcus

Question 34

Insular lobe (describe)

Answer 34

has short and long gyri

Question 35

Limbic lobe (structure)

Answer 35

C-shaped collection of structures found on the medial hemispheric surface

Question 36

Limbic lobe (location)

Answer 36

encircles the corpus callosum and the lateral aspect of the midbrain

Question 37

Gyri of limbic lobe

Answer 37

paraterminal gyrus and subcallosal area, cingulate gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampal formation

Question 38

Paraterminal gyrus and subcallosal area (location)

Answer 38

located anterior to the lamina terminalis and inferior to the corpus callosum

Question 39

Cingulate gyrus (location)

Answer 39

parallel and superior to the corpus callosum

Question 40

Parahippocampal gyrus (location)

Answer 40

lies between the hippocampal and collateral sulci and ends in the uncus

Question 41

Hippocampal formation (describe)

Answer 41

includes the dentate gyrus, hippocampus and subiculum

Question 42

Olfactory structures (location)

Answer 42

found on the orbital surface of the brain

Question 43

Olfactory structures (describe)

Answer 43

olfactory bulb and tract, olfactory bulb, olfactory trigone and striae, anterior perforated substance, diagonal band of Broca

Question 44

Olfactory bulb and tract (location)

Answer 44

an evagination of the telencephalon

Question 45

Olfactory bulb (function)

Answer 45

receives the olfactory nerve (CN1)

Question 46

Basa nuclei (ganglia) (structure)

Answer 46

constitutes the subcortical nuclei of the telencephalon and includes the caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, and subthalamic nucleus

Question 47

Caudate nucleus (structure)

Answer 47

part of the striatum, together with the putamen

Question 48

Putamen (structure)

Answer 48

part of the striatum and lentiform nucleus, togethwe with the caudate nucleus and globus pallidus

Question 49

Globus pallidus (structure)

Answer 49

part of the lentiform nucleus, together with the putamen

Question 50

Subthalamic nucleus (describe)

Answer 50

part of the diencephalon that functions with the basal nuclei

Question 51

Lateral ventricles (structure)

Answer 51

epndyma-lined cavities of the cerebral hemispheres and contains CSF and choroid plexus

Question 52

Lateral ventricles (functions)

Answer 52

communicates with the thrid ventricle via the two interventricular foramina

Question 53

Cerebral cortex (structure)

Answer 53

Consists of a thin layer of gray matter, covers each cerebral hemisphere, and folded into gyri and separated by sulci

Question 54

White matter (structure)

Answer 54

includes the cerebral commissures and the internal capsule

Question 55

Cerebral commissures (function)

Answer 55

interconnect the cerebral hemisphere and the internal capsule

Question 56

list of cerebral commissures

Answer 56

corpus callosum, anterior commissure, posterior capsule, hippocampal commissure

Question 57

Corpus callosum (structure)

Answer 57

rostrum, genu, body and splenium

Question 58

Corpus callosum (function)

Answer 58

interconnects the two hemispheres

Question 59

Anterior commissure (location)

Answer 59

located in the midsagittal section between the lamina terminalis and the column of the fornix

Question 60

Anterior commissure (describe)

Answer 60

Interconnects the olfactory bulbs with the middle and inferior temporal lobes

Question 61

Hippocampal commissure (location)

Answer 61

located between the fornices and inferior to the splenium of the corpus callosum