anatomy

Question 1

all matter is composed of

Answer 1

elements

Question 2

substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substance by chemical methods

Answer 2

elements

Question 3

four elements that make up 96% of the body

Answer 3

carbon
oxygen
hydrogen
nitrogen

Question 4

chemistry is broken down into these 2 catigories

Answer 4

basic chemistry
biochemistry

Question 5

unique building block for each element
smallest particles of an element

Answer 5

atom

Question 6

general term for 2 or more atoms bonded together

Answer 6

molecule

Question 7

specific molecule that has 2 or more different kinds of atoms bonded together

Answer 7

compound

Question 8

most matter exists as this

Answer 8

mixture

Question 9

two or more components that are physically intermixed

Answer 9

mixtures

Question 10

3 basic types of mixtures

Answer 10

solutions
colloids
suspensions

Question 11

a homogenous mixtures-aprticles are evenly distrubuted

Answer 11

solution

Question 12

in a mixture the susbstance present in the greatest amount

Answer 12

solvent

Question 13

in a mixture the substance present that is dissolved

Answer 13

solute

Question 14

know as emulsions heterogenous mixtures particules are not evenly distrubuted-milky

Answer 14

colloid

Question 15

heterogenous mixtures that contain large visable solutes that do not settle

Answer 15

suspensions

Question 16

can be seperated by physical means

Answer 16

mixtures

Question 17

involve chemical bonding

Answer 17

compound

Question 18

when chemical bonds are formed

Answer 18

chemical reaction

Question 19

chemical reactions contain these

Answer 19

reactant
product

Question 20

substance entering into a reaction together

Answer 20

reactant

Question 21

result chemical end product

Answer 21

product

Question 22

3 main types of chemical reactions

Answer 22

synthesis
decomposition
exchange

Question 23

reaction involving atoms or molecules combining to form a larger more complex molecule

Answer 23

synthesis

Question 24

reaction involving breakdown of molecules unto smaller molecules

Answer 24

decomposition

Question 25

reaction also called displacement involbved both synthesis and decomposition. bonds are made and broken

Answer 25

exchange

Question 26

this is required to complete the decomposition reaction necessary for the release of eneergy in the body

Answer 26

oxygen

Question 27

produced as a waste prodcut and helps maintain acid base balance

Answer 27

carbon dioxide

Question 28

the study of chemical composition and reactions of living matter

Answer 28

biochemistry

Question 29

2 major classes of chemical in the body

Answer 29

organic and inorganic

Question 30

contain carbon and are made by living things

Answer 30

organic compounds

Question 31

all other chemicals in the body are

Answer 31

inorganic

Question 32

organic compounds in the body

Answer 32

carbs protine lipids nucleic acid-dna, rna

Question 33

inorganic compounds

Answer 33

water salt acids, and basis

Question 34

waters properties inthe body

Answer 34

high heat capicity vaporization polar solvent reactivity cushing

Question 35

high heat capicity means

Answer 35

absorbs and realeases lareg amounts of heat before chaning in temp itself-redistrubutes heat in body tissues-temp hemostatis

Question 36

high heat vapor means

Answer 36

water evaporates goes from liquid to gas-sweat evaporates removing heat from body colling effect

Question 37

polar solvent mean

Answer 37

the universal solvent all chemicals in body relay on water solvent properties-transport medium

Question 38

reactivity mean

Answer 38

important in chemical reactions-example food broken down by water molecule

Question 39

cushioning means

Answer 39

resilent cushining around body organs to protect

Question 40

an ionic compound-when dissolved they dissociate unto their component ions-electrolyte

Answer 40

salt

Question 41

salt commenly found in the body

Answer 41

NaCl- sodium chloride KCL-potassium chloride

Question 42

the most plenetful salt in body makes teeth and bones hard

Answer 42

calcium phosphate

Question 43

these are electrolytes that can ionize and dissociate in water and can conduct eletrical current

Answer 43

acids and bases

Question 44

a substance that releases hydrogen ions has a sour taste

Answer 44

acids

Question 45

acid found in body

Answer 45

acetic acid

Question 46

proton acceptors and take up hydrogen ions bitter taste

Answer 46

bases

Question 47

important base in the body

Answer 47

bicarbonate ion

Question 48

a group of molecules that include sugars and starches-hydrated carbon

Answer 48

carbohydrate

Question 49

they are catorigised by size and solubility

Answer 49

carbohydrates

Question 50

there major function is to provide the body with a ready used source of cellular fuel

Answer 50

carbohydrates

Question 51

the building block of other carbohydrate

Answer 51

monosaccharides

Question 52

called simple sugars

Answer 52

monosaccharides

Question 53

glucose

Answer 53

monosaccharides

Question 54

fructose

Answer 54

monosaccharides

Question 55

galactose

Answer 55

monosaccharides

Question 56

deoxyribose

Answer 56

monosaccharides

Question 57

ribose

Answer 57

monosaccharides

Question 58

sucrose

Answer 58

disaccharide

Question 59

maltose

Answer 59

disaccharide

Question 60

lactose

Answer 60

disaccharide

Question 61

starch

Answer 61

polysaccharides

Question 62

glycogen

Answer 62

polysaccharides

Question 63

cellulose

Answer 63

polysaccharides

Question 64

what carbohydrate is large and insoluble

Answer 64

polysaccharides

Question 65

we are unable to digest this found in plants but its important to provide the bulk fiber that can move feces

Answer 65

cellulose

Question 66

found in animals-stored primary in skeletal muscles and liver cells

Answer 66

glycogen

Question 67

skelatal muscles use this for themselves

Answer 67

glycogen

Question 68

liver cells store this to maintain blood sugars

Answer 68

glycogen

Question 69

insoluble in water but disolve in other ____ and organic solvent such as alchole and ether

Answer 69

lipids

Question 70

contain carbon hydrogen and oxygen

Answer 70

lipids

Question 71

include triglycerides phosopholipids steriods othere substance

Answer 71

lipids

Question 72

include saturated, unsatuirated, monounsaturated, or polyunstaturated

Answer 72

triglycerides

Question 73

commenly know as fats when solid and oil when liquid

Answer 73

triglycerides

Question 74

main functions include energy stoirage unsulation protection

Answer 74

triglycerides

Question 75

contains 2 fatty acid tails a glycerol a phosphate

Answer 75

phospholipid

Question 76

fat soluble and contain little oxygen

Answer 76

steriods

Question 77

chlesterol is the sim=ngle most important molecule in ___ chemistry

Answer 77

steriods

Question 78

ingested ub egss meat cheese and liver produces some

Answer 78

steriods

Question 79

found in cell membranes and is raw material for synthesis of vit D steriod hormones and bile salts-without it no reproduction and lack of corticosteriod by adrenal gland fatal

Answer 79

cholestrol

Question 80

the building block of protines and are held together by peptide bonds

Answer 80

amino acids

Question 81

structural material of the body-its determined by it shape and function

Answer 81

protine

Question 82

biological catalysts

Answer 82

enzymes

Question 83

play role in cell function include enzyme hemoglobin of blood contract muscles most varied function of any molecule

Answer 83

protine

Question 84

4 structoral levels-primary secondary etc

Answer 84

protine

Question 85

composed of carbon oxygen gydrogen nitrogen and phosphorus-largest molecule in the body

Answer 85

nuclecic acids

Question 86

2 major classes of nucleic acid

Answer 86

dna rna

Question 87

found in the nucleus-contributes ti genetic material it replicates and provides basicinsturction for every protine in the body

Answer 87

dna

Question 88

governs all chemical reactions formed at the direction of dna

Answer 88

enzymes

Question 89

the most important cellular fuel notdirectly used

Answer 89

glucose

Question 90

the primary energy transfering molecule in cells-provides imediate usablke energy

Answer 90

ATP

Question 91

released when glucose is broken down

Answer 91

atp