Anatomy

Question 1

Lesser curvature of stomach blood supply

Answer 1

left and right gastric

Question 2

greater curvature of stomach blood supply

Answer 2

right and left gastroepiploic

Question 3

fundus blood supply

Answer 3

short gastric

Question 4

what is meckels diverticulum?

Answer 4

embryonic remnant of attachment of midgut loop to yolk sac. approx 1m from ileum end

Question 5

Ascending colon vasculature

Answer 5

ileo-colic and right colic arteries (SMA)

ileo-colic and right colic veins

Question 6

transverse colon vasculature

Answer 6

middle colic artery (SMA)

superior mesenteric vein

Question 7

descending colon vasculature

Answer 7

left colic and superior sigmoid arteries (IMA)

inferior mesenteric vein

Question 8

sigmoidal colon vasculature

Answer 8

sigmoid artery (IMA)
inferior mesenteric vein

Question 9

spleen vasculature

Answer 9

splenic artery (CT) and splenic vein

Question 10

spleen innervation

Answer 10

coeliac plexus

Question 11

gut sections and general vasculature and innveration

Answer 11

foregut, oesophagus to major duodenal papilla (coliac axis and greater S)
midgut, MDP to 2/3rd way along transverse colon (SMA, lesser S)
hindgut, distal 1/3rd transverse colon to upper part of anal canal (IMA and least S)

Question 12

testes and epididymis vasculature and innervation

Answer 12

testicular artery, vein and plexus

Question 13

testes and epididymis lymph drainage

Answer 13

paired lumbar and preaortic nodes at L1 level

Question 14

seminal vesicles vasculature and innervation

Answer 14

internal iliac artery branches (inferior vesicle, internal pudendal and middle rectal)
sympathetic innervation

Question 15

prostate gland vasculature and innervation

Answer 15

prostatic arteries and venous plexus

inferior hypogastric plexus (sympathetic, parasympathetic and sensory)

Question 16

scrotum vasculature and innervation

Answer 16

anterior and posterior scrotal arteries. Scrotal veins

genitofemoral branch, anterior and posterior scrotal nerves

Question 17

describe lymph drainage of mammary glands

Answer 17

axillary nodes (75%)
parasternal nodes (20%)
posterior intercostal nodes (5%)

Question 18

which nerves supply mammary glands

Answer 18

4th-6th intercostals

Question 19

what goes through hilum of lung?

Answer 19

bronchus
pulmonary artery
2 pulmonary veins
bronchial vessels
pulmonary plexus of nerves and lymphatic vessels

Question 20

describe innervation of larynx

Answer 20

recurrent laryngeal supplies motor to all muscles except cricopharyngeal which is supplied by external superior laryngeal. Internal superior laryngeal supplies sensation to larynx.

Question 21

describe sinus drainage

Answer 21

all sinuses drain into middle meatus except sphenoid which drains into spheno-ethmoidal recess

Question 22

what drains into the inferior meatus

Answer 22

lacrimal ducts and eustuchian tube

Question 23

which structures pass through diaphragm and where

Answer 23

IVF and right phrenic T8
Oesophagus and vagus T10
Aorta, zygous vein and thoracic duct T12

Question 24

what makes the upper oesophageal sphincter?

Answer 24

cricopharyngeus

Question 25

what info travels through the cerebellar peduncles?

Answer 25

superior (purkinji) inhibition output to pons midbrain and cerebrum middle, pons telling cerebellum what voluntary movements are happening inferior, proprioception, balance info

Question 26

carotid sheath contents

Answer 26

common and internal carotid artery, IJV, vagus

Question 27

what are the infrahyoid muscles

Answer 27

- sternohyoid (C1-C3) - omohyoid (C1-C3) - thyrohyoid (C1) - sternothyroid (C1-C3) - all depress hyoid

Question 28

what are the suprahyoid muscles?

Answer 28

- stylohyoid (mandibular branch of facial) | - mylohyoid (CN Vi)

Question 29

what is the contents of anterior triangle of neck

Answer 29

common carotid internal and external carotids IJV CN VII, IX, X, XI, XII

Question 30

what are the spinal roots of the splanchnic nerves

Answer 30

greater T5-T9 lesser T10-T11 least T12

Question 31

describe innervation of pharyngeal muscles

Answer 31

all constrictors, palatopharyngeus and salpingopharyngeus by vagus. Stylopharyngeus by glossopharyngeal.

Question 32

uterus ligaments

Answer 32

broad, maintains position round, maintain anterverted position ovarian, joins ovaries to uterus

Question 33

bladder vasculature

Answer 33

internal iliac artery branch, vesicle venous plexus

Question 34

ureter vasculature

Answer 34

abdominal- renal and testicular/ovarian artery | pelvic- superior and inferior vesical arteries

Question 35

knee joints

Answer 35

- tibiofemoral (medial and lateral condyles of femur), weightbearing - patellofemoral (anterior and distal part of femur), allows quadriceps femoris to be inserted directly over the knee - both lined with hyaline cartilage

Question 36

knee ligaments

Answer 36

1) patellar 2) collateral - medial, makes up joint capsule - lateral 3) cruciate, 2 which cross over eachother - anterior, prevents anterior dislocation of tibia onto femur - posterior, prevents posterior dislocation of tibia onto femur

Question 37

menisci function

Answer 37

- deepen articular surface of tibia to increase stability - shock absorbers * when ACL is taut your lateral menisci rotates

Question 38

which muscles does the median nerve innervate in the hand

Answer 38

``` LLOAF Lateral Lumbricals Opponens Pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis ```

Question 39

joints of ankle

Answer 39

tibiotalar - dorsiflexion and plantarflexion | subtalar (talus and calcaneus) - inversion and eversion

Question 40

what does the sciatic nerve divide into?

Answer 40

``` tibial common perineal (further divides into deep and superficial) ```

Question 41

which nerves supply the thigh compartments

Answer 41

posterior - sciatic medial - obturator anterior - femoral

Question 42

which nerves supply the leg compartments

Answer 42

posterior - tibial lateral - superficial perineal anterior - deep perineal

Question 43

general innervation of arm

Answer 43

anterior - musculocutaneous | posterior - radial

Question 44

general innervation of forearm

Answer 44

anterior - median | posterior - radial

Question 45

general action of lower limb

Answer 45

glutes - extend and abduct hip and femur ant. thigh - flex femur at hip med thigh- adduct femur post thigh - extend hip and flex knee post leg - plantar flexion, flex toes, invert foot lat leg - evert foot ant leg - dorsiflexion, entend toes invert foot