Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

phase 1a > Misc > Flashcards

Misc Flashcards

(60 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what is the hering breuer reflex?

A

stops lungs over stretching

involved with pneumotaxi area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

total surface area of lung

A

20m^2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Types of hearing loss

A

neural and conductive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

describe lobe dominance

A

95% of right handed people are left dominant
60% of left handed people are left dominant
20% shared
93% total population is left dominant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

where is Brocas area? What happens when its damaged?

A

frontal lobe, motor aspect of speech production. Expressive asphasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

where is Wernickes area? What happens when its damaged?

A

temporal lobe, understanding. Receptive aphasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which parts of organ of Corti detect high and low frequency?

A

Base (towards oval window) - high

apex is low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the nerve roots for the branchial plexus branches?

A 
musculocutaneous, c5-c7
axillary, c5-c6
median, c6-t1
radial, c5-t1
ulnar, c8-t1
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

where do you hear for the apex beat?

A

midclavicular 5th intercostal space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the types of immunglobulin

A

iM AGED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what causes pancreatic juice secretion

A

secretin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where does the aorta bifurcate

A

L4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

where do the seminiferious tubules drain into

A

rete testis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what takes place in leydig cells?

A

testosterone production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what takes place in sertoli cells?

A

spermatogenisis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what takes place in epididymis

A

sperm maturation and storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is responsible for over shooting and dance like movements?

A

corpus striatum dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is an amphipathic substance?

A

both hydrophobic and hydophilic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what structures lie anterior to the oesophagus?

A

trachea
heart (left atrium)
left main bronchus
diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what goes through the epipolic foramen?

A

portal vein
hepatic artery
bile duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Oesphageal blood supply

A

upper 1/3 - inferior thyroid
middle 1/3 - abdo aorta branches
lower 1/3 - oesophageal branches from left gastric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

where do nasal and temporal fibres project in the retinal ganglion cells?

A

nasal - to contralateral geniculate corpus

temporal - to ipsilateral geniculate corpus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Rods and Cones differences

A

Rods, peripheral, lower acuity and light levels, attach to lots of ganglion
cones, higher acuity, colour, 1 per ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

type 1 alveolar pneumocyte

A

makes up wall and structure, determines which substances diffuse through.
make up 96% of SA but only 40% of number of cells (b/c thin and flat)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
type 2 alveolar pneumocyte
secrete surfactant, involved in decreasing surface tension to increase stretch and recoil 5% SA 60% total number of cells
26
aldosterone effects
1) increases sodium reabsorption in collecting duct 2) increases water reabsorption 3) achieved via NCC and ENaC channels
27
Bronchial tree structure changes
1) epithelium 2) cartilage 3) smooth muscle
28
describe how epithelium changes in bronchial tree
primary/secondary/tertiary bronchi - pseudostratified ciliated columnar larger bronchioles- ciliated simple columnar w/goblet cells smaller bronchioles- ciliated simple cuboidal terminal bronchioles - cuboidal epithelium
29
describe how cartilage and smooth muscle change in bronchial tree
as you move down cartilage decreases and smooth muscle increases
30
vas deferens function
combines with seminal vesicle ducts to form ejaculatory duct
31
what are 3 cylinders of erectile tissues?
2 x corpus cavernosa | 1 corpus spongiosum (urethra runs through)
32
penis innervation
S2 S3 S4
33
3 layers of cervix and body (of uterus)
1) peritoneum 2) myometrium 3) endometrium (divided into superficial stratum basalis and functionalis (sheds))
34
layes of vagina
1) stratified squamous epithelium 2) elastic lamina propria 3) fibromuscular layer 4) adventitia
35
angiontensin II effects
1) thirst 2) ADH release 3) aldosterone release 4) increased reabsorption in proximal tubule 5) vasoconstriction
36
in the cytoplasm, structure that is created by covalent bonds
primary protein
37
define osmolality
osmoles per kg of solvent
38
where are central (respiratory) chemoreceptors located? what do they detect
ventral medulla | CSF pH
39
what are peripheral chemoreceptors activated by?
decreased 02 and increased H+
40
what is the lower oesophageal sphincter
- circular muscle of gastro-osephageal wall - acute angle 'sling' between oesophagus and stomach - motility pattern due to innervation from vagus nerve branches - the diaphragm
41
how does urine pass through the ureter?
peristalsis
42
how much of the cardiac output passes through the kidneys?
25%
43
What is renin secreted in response to?
low sodium
44
which group of spinal nerves innervates the biceps reflex?
C5/C6
45
which group of spinal nerves innervates the ankle reflex?
S1/S2
46
What is hydroxyapatite made of?
calcium and phosphate
47
where is 1-25, dihydroxyvitamin D formed?
kidney
48
where is aldosterone produced? what is it?
zona glomerulosa of adrenal cortex - mineralocorticoid
49
2 actions of bradykinin
pain | vasodilation
50
which enzyme breaks down bradykinin
ACE
51
histological features of secretory endometrium
spiral arteries tortuous glands increased stoma bulk
52
effects of oestrogen on endometrium
uterine smooth muscle growth | softening cervix & pelvic ligaments
53
which hormones do glucocorticoids inhibit?
ACTH | CRH
54
what are bile salts made from?
cholesterol | lecithin
55
where are the majority of bile salts absorbed
terminal ileum
56
what does dopamine metabolise into
neuromelanin | noradrenaline
57
length of PR interval
0.12-0.2 (s)
58
length of QRS comples
0.08-0.10 (s)
59
length of QT interval
0.4-0.43 (s)
60
ear muscles and innervation
tensor tympani mandibular branch of trigeminal | stapedius facial

phase 1a (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions