Anatomy Flashcards
(96 cards)
1
Q
Retroperitoneal Organs
SAD PUCKER
A
Suprarenal glands Aorta and IVC Duodenum (2nd to 4th) Pancreas (except tail) Ureters Colon (ascending and descending) Kidneys Esophagus (lower 2/3) Rectum (partial)
2
Q
Peyer patches are seen in what layer of the ileum
A
Submucosa (extending to the lamina propria)
3
Q
Areas of the GIT with crypts of lieberkühn
A
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Colon (no villi)
4
Q
Plicae circulares are found where
A
Small intestine up to proximal ileum
5
Q
largest number of goblet cells in the small intestine
A
Ileum
6
Q
what structures are anastomosed in the TIPS procedure?
transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
A
portal vein and hepatic vein
7
Q
structure in the liver responsible for lymphatic drainage
A
space of Disse
8
Q
zone in the liver affected by viral hepatitis and ingested toxins
A
Zone I
periportal
9
Q
Zone in the liver affected by ischemia, metabolic toxins and alcoholic hepatitis
A
Zone 3
centrilobular
10
Q
borders of femoral triangle
A
inguinal ligament
sartorius
adductor longus
11
Q
contents of femoral triangle
A
femoral nerve, artery, vein
12
Q
contents of femoral sheath
A
femora vein, artery, deep inguinal lymph nodes
13
Q
sympathetic stimulation of salivary glands
A
T1 to T3
14
Q
parasympathetic stimulation of salivary glands
A
parotid - CN 9
sublingual, submandibular - CN 7
15
Q
dense granules of platelets
A
ADP
calcium
16
Q
vWF receptor on the platelet
A
GpIb
17
Q
Fibrinogen receptor on the platelet
A
GpIIb/IIIa
18
Q
type of proteins secreted by ribosomes in RER
A
secretory peoteins
integral membrane proteins (nucleus and cell membrane)
lysosomal proteins
19
Q
ribosomes attach to the RER cia which protein complex
A
translocon
20
Q
what activates macrophages
A
interferon gamma
21
Q
Causes of eosinophilia
A
PAACC! Parasites Asthma Allergies Cancer Connective tissue diseases
22
Q
basophilic granules
A
heparin
histamine
leukotrienes
23
Q
enzymes produced by eosinophils
A
histaminase
arylsulfatase
(helps limit reaction ff mast cell degranulation)
24
Q
costimulatory signal needed to activate T cells
A
CD28
25
commencement of the portal vein
behind the neck of the pancreas at L1
| splenic vein + superior mesenteric vein
26
principal anastomosis of SMA and IMA in supplying the intestines
Marginal artery of Drummond
| and arc of Riolan
27
Branches of abdominal aorta
“In Class, Med Students Really Love Going to I.M.”
```
Inf phrenic - Sup SR
Celiac trunk
Mid SR
SMA
Renal - Inf SR
Lumbar
Gonadal
IMA
Median sacral
```
28
Vertebral levels of branches of abdominal aorta
```
T12 - celiac trunk
L1 - SMA, renal arteries
L2 - gonadal arteries (testicular/ovarian)
L3 - IMA
L4 - bifurcation of aorta
```
29
structures draining to the internal iliac nodes
cervix
proximal vagina
prostate
corpus cavernosum
30
structures draining to the superficial inguinal lymph nodes
```
distal vagina
vulva
distal anus
scrotum
abd wall below umbilicus
```
31
anastomosis between ovarian and uterine artery
artery of Sampson
32
ligament that contains the uterine vessels
cardinal ligament
33
autonomic innervation of the male sexual response
Point - erection - pelvic nerve
Squeeze - emission - hypogastric
Shoot - ejaculation - pudendal
34
branches of the internal iliac artery
“I Love Going Places In My Very Own Underwear”
```
Iliolumbar
Lateral sacral
Gluteal (sup and inf)
Pudendal
Inferior vesical
Middle rectal
Vaginal
Obturator
Umbilical and uterine
```
35
lymph nodes located below the inguinal ligament, bordered by the Sartorius and Adductor longus
Superficial inguinal LN
36
surgical technique of occluding the portal triad within the hepatoduodenal ligament
Pringle maneuver
37
right gastroepiploic vein drains into
superior mesenteric vein
38
most commonly fractured carpal bone and is prone to avascular necrosis
scaphoid bone
39
most commonly dislocated carpal bone prone to acute carpal tunnel syndrome
lunate
40
fall on an outstretched hand damaging the hook of the hamate can cause injury to which nerve
ulnar nerve
41
carpal bone most prone to avascular necrosis
Scaphoid
42
most commonly fractured carpal bone
scaphoid
43
action of lumbricals
flexion of MCP
| extension of PIP, DIP
44
action of peroneal nerve and tibial nerve
foot dropPED
can’t TIPtoe
peroneal - eversion and dorsiflexion
tibial - inversion and plantar flexion
45
hand / arm muscles with dual innervation
lumbricals
| flexor digitorum profundus
46
Valgus stress test and joint line widening indicate what type of injury
MCL injury
47
type of injury diagnosed by joint line tenderness when knee is flexed
meniscal injury
48
muscles involved in lateral epicondylitis
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor digitorum
(wrist extension)
49
muscles used when sitting up from supine
```
rectus abdominis
external abdominal oblique
hip flexors (iliopsoas)
```
50
most common elbow injury in children (1-4 y/o)
radial head subluxation
| nursemaid’s elbow
51
popeye deformity
bicipital tendon rupture
52
injury that most commonly occurs in baseball pitchers / throwers
ulnar collateral ligament injuries
53
least injured knee ligament
PCL
54
Longest muscle in the body
sartorius
55
Optimal site for femoral nerve block
inguinal crease
| lateral border of femoral artery
56
largest branch of lumbar plexus
femoral nerve
57
nerve passing between the iliacus and psoas muscle
femoral nerve
58
point tenderness in anterior knee d/t repetitive trauma
“housemaid’s knee”
prepatellar bursitis
59
action of tibialis posterior muscle
foot inversion
60
common mechanism of injury of anterior shoulder dislocation
blow to an externally rotated and abducted arm
61
structure that is anterior to the medial malleolus
saphenous nerve
62
trendelenburg gait - muscle and nerve involved
gluteus medius
superior gluteal nerve
(superomedial quadrant)
63
action and nerve supply of teres major and minor
major - internal rot (lower subscapular nerve)
| minor - external rot (axillary nerve)
64
other term for flexor retinaculum
transverse carpal ligament
65
what forms the cubital tunnel
aponeurosis of flexor carpi ulnaris
66
primary blood supply of ACL
medial geniculate artery
67
empty can test examines the:
supraspinatus muscle
68
action of tibialis anterior
foot dorsiflexion and inversion
69
muscles responsible for foot eversion
peroneus (longus, brevis, tertius)
70
nerve root of Achilles reflex
S1
71
sciatic nerve is derived from
L4-S3
72
Broca’s area is located at
inferior frontal gyrus
| BA 44, 45
73
Wernicke’s area is located at
caudal superior temporal gyrus
| BA 22
74
muscles of mastication
temporalis
masseter
medial pterygoid
lateral pterygoid
75
tensor tympani of the middle ear is supplied by the
mandibular nerve (V3)
76
vulnerable to injury from cervical lymph node dissection
spinal accessory nerve
77
impaired abduction above the horizontal involves
trapezius or serratus anterior
78
structures of limbic system
CHAMF
```
Cingulate gyrus
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Mammillary bodies
Fornix
```
79
vertebral artery originates from
subclavian artery
80
most commonly injured leg nerve
common peroneal nerve
81
sensory innervation of 1st web space
deep peroneal nerve
82
structures passing through jugular foramen (4)
IJV
| CN 9, 10, 11
83
sensation to distal medial thigh is mediated by
obturator nerve
| anterior division
84
innervation of obturator internus
nerve to obturator internus
| L4-S1
85
innervation of obturator externus
obturator nerve
| L2-4
86
areas supplied by lenticulostriate vessels of MCA
basal ganglia
| internal capsule
87
innervation of rhomboids and levator scapulae
dorsal scapular nerve
88
structures passing through the superior orbital fissure
CN 3, 4, 5(1), 6
ophthalmic vein
sympathetic fibers
89
single muscle of mastication that opens the jaw
lateral pterygoids
90
most anterior of the great vessels of the heart
pulmonary trunk
91
2 branches of external iliac artery (before becoming the common femoral artery)
inferior epigastric artery
| deep circumflex iliac artery
92
branches of external carotid artery
“Some Anatomists Like Freaking Out Poor Medical Students”
```
Superior thyroid a
Ascending pharyngeal a
Lingual a
Facial a
Occipital a
Posterior auricular a
Maxillary a
Superficial temporal a
```
93
location of coronary sinus orifice
between the ivc and tricuspid valve at the right atrium
94
origin and insertion of serratus anterior
O: 1st 8 ribs
I: medial border of scapula
95
Origin and insertion of external oblique
O: 5th to 12th rib (lateral)
I: linea alba, pubis, iliac crest
96
origin and insertion of latissimus dorsi
O: T7 to L5 spinous process, 9th to 12th ribs, inferior angle of scapula
I: humerus
