Anatomy And Physiology-lesson 1 Part 1

Question 1

What are the 5 body cavities?

Answer 1

Cranial, spinal, thoracic, abdominal, pelvic cavity

Question 2

In regards to the 5 body cavities, what organs are contained in them and what separates them.

Answer 2

Cranial and spinal–>lining and mengines
Thoracic - - >heart and lungs, plural membranes and pericardial membranes abdominal and pelvic cavities
–>protected by bones!!

Abdominal–> liver, stomach and intestines, peritoneum and mesentery
–>NOT protected by bones!!

Pelvic–>bladder and reproductive organs and covers free surfaces of several organs

Question 3

Define homeostasis. What are it’s control mechanisms?

Answer 3

A state in which the internal environment of the body remains relatively stable by responding appropriately to changes.

It’s control mechanisms are…

Question 4

How is the abdomen described for nursing assessments?

Answer 4

The 4 quadrants:RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

right, left, upper, lower

Question 5

Hypo

Answer 5

Slower

Question 6

Hyper

Answer 6

Faster

Question 7

What is the universal carrier of energy in the body?

Answer 7

ATP

Question 8

Aerobic cellular respiration

Answer 8

Requires oxygen

Question 9

Anaerobic

Answer 9

Does not require oxygen

Question 10

Mitosis

Answer 10

Process of cell division in which one cell with the diploid # of chromosomes divides once to form 2 identical cells, each with the diploid # of chromosomes

Question 11

Mieosis

Answer 11

Process of cell division where one cell with the diploid number of chromosomes divides twice to form 4 cells, each with the haploid # of chromosomes: forms gametes

Question 12

Difussion

Answer 12

Movement of molecules from an area of GREATER concentration TO area of LESSER concentration

Question 13

Active transport

Answer 13

Uphill movement of a substance thru a living cell membrane (lower conc. - - >higher conc.)

**Requires energy of ATP

Question 14

Glutial region

Answer 14

Buttocks

Question 15

Aduction

Answer 15

Movement to the midline of the body

Question 16

Anticubital

Answer 16

The front of the elbow

Question 17

What part of the body is a beef tenderloin?

Answer 17

Skeletal muscle

Question 18

Isotonic

Answer 18

A solution with a Salt concentration equal to that in the cell (happy cell)

Question 19

Hypotonic

Answer 19

A solution with a Salt concentration lower than the cell (burst cell)

Question 20

Hypertonic

Answer 20

A solution with a Salt concentration HIGHER than that in cells

Question 21

Name two types of cellular transport mechanisms.

Answer 21

Diffusion
Osmosis
Active transport
Filtration
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis

Question 22

Osmosis

Answer 22

The Diffusion of water

Question 23

Filtration

Answer 23

Movement of water and dissolved substances from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure (blood pressure)

Question 24

Phagocytosis

Answer 24

A MOVING cell engulfs something

Question 25

Pinocytosis

Answer 25

A stationary cell engulfs something

Question 26

State the phases of cell division

Answer 26

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase

Question 27

HDLs vs. LDLs

Answer 27

HDLs -->High density lipoproteins-->higher in protein, lower in cholesterol. "good" LDLs -->Low density lipoproteins-->low in protein, high in cholesterol. "bad"

Question 28

State whether the following muscle tissue are voluntary or involuntary: - skeletal - cardiac - smooth

Answer 28

Skeletal-->voluntary Cardiac-->invol. Smooth-->invol.

Question 29

The 3 types of membranes

Answer 29

Cutaneous(skin), mucous, serous

Question 30

4 classes of connective tissue

Answer 30

Connective tissue proper Cartilage Bone tissue Blood

Question 31

State which is acidic, basic and neutral on the pH scale: 0 7 14

Answer 31

0-most acidic 7-neutral 14-most basic

Question 32

Anatomy

Answer 32

Study of the body and the relationship among the parts

Question 33

Physiology

Answer 33

Study of the functioning of the body and its parts

Question 34

Pathophysiology

Answer 34

The study of diseases as they relate to functioning or the study of disorders of function

Question 35

What are the 11 body systems?

Answer 35

``` Think of: MURDERS LINC. Circulatory Muscular Skeletal Integumentary Nervous Respiratory Urinary Endocrine Digestive Lymphatic Reproductive ```

Question 36

The main function of connective tissue

Answer 36

Binding, supporting, protection, isolating

Question 37

The heat generating tissue

Answer 37

Adipose tissue

Question 38

Where is the Anticubital?

Answer 38

The front of the elbow

Question 39

ATP

Answer 39

Adenosine Triphosphate | -->a universal energy carrier

Question 40

The different types of squamous epithelial tissue

Answer 40

Simple and stratified

Question 41

Role of adipose tissue

Answer 41

To store fat in microscopic droplets for long-term energy storage produces hormones involves

Question 42

Homeostatic control systems.

Answer 42

Negative feedback-->has its own internal braking mechanism And Positive feedback-->requires an external event, "break"

Question 43

What type of cells use Phagocytosis in the body?

Answer 43

White blood cells

Question 44

Something not found the pelvic cavity

Answer 44

Stomach

Question 45

Dorsal/posterior

Answer 45

Backside of the body

Question 46

The Endocrine are ______.

Answer 46

Ductless