Lessons 7-parts 1, 2, 3 And Lessons 8,9

Question 1

What is included in the CNS?

Answer 1

The brain and spinal cord

Question 2

What is the CNS responsible for doing?

Answer 2

Integrative and control Center of the nervous system

Interprets sensory input & dictates motor response based on past experiences, reflexes and the current situation

Question 3

What is the PNS consist of?

Answer 3

Cranial nerves and spinal nerves

Question 4

“biological clock”

Answer 4

regulation of secretion of hormones, sleep cycle, and mental alertness

Question 5

What is required in the body in order to make thyroxine?

Answer 5

Iodine

Question 6

Neurological condition “Parkinson’s” usually arises from the death of ___________.

Answer 6

Cells (in the brain)

Question 7

Does the endocrine system contain ducts?

Answer 7

No

Releases hormones directly into capillaries into the blood

Question 8

What lobe does the perception of sound lie in?

Answer 8

Temporal lobe

Question 9

What gland releases ‘epinephrine’ during a body emergency?

Answer 9

Adrenal glands

Medulla

Question 10

What nerve receptors are damaged if temporary loss of smell happens?

Answer 10

Olfactory nerve

Question 11

What are the ‘Islands of Grey matter’ called, that are found ininterior of the cerebrum?

Answer 11

Basal ganglia

Question 12

Which cortical region would be damaged by a stroke if words are understood but person responds with garbled words?

Answer 12

Broca’s area

Question 13

What are the characteristics of “sensations”?

Answer 13

Projection, intensity, contrast, adaptation, after-image

Question 14

The sensation of a handshake that seems to be in your hand but is actually being felt in the cerebral cortex in the brain
Ie. Phantom pain

Answer 14

Projection

Question 15

Sensations felt more than others b/c more receptors are stimulated and more impulses are transmitted to the specific area of the brain for interpretation

Answer 15

Intensity

Question 16

When the brain compares new sensations w/ previously learned sensations. If there’s a difference, these will be perceived as stronger

Answer 16

Contrast

Question 17

Becoming aware of a continued stimulus; doesnt seem as strong given time
Ie. White noise machine

Answer 17

Adaptation

Question 18

Sensation stays in our consciousness even after the stimulus has stopped
Ie. Impression of a person’s smile/ handshake

Answer 18

After-image

Question 19

The overproduction/ hypersecretion of ____________ causes ‘Cushing’ s syndrome’.

Answer 19

Cortisol (hormone)

Question 20

What part of the brain helps in the association of sensations?

Answer 20

Thalamus

Question 21

The __________ is the cranial nerve that is stimulated by cocaine.

Answer 21

III Oculomotor

Question 22

Glaucoma

Answer 22

When the drainage of aqueous Humor is blocked the internal pressure within the eye will increase

Question 23

What is an EEG used for, to determine certain conditions?

Answer 23

To diagnose disease such as epilepsy, locate tumors, study the effects of illicit drugs on the brain

Question 24

Where are the receptor cells ‘rods and cones’ located?

Answer 24

Within the retina

Question 25

What happens to a person's 'bronchioles and blood vessels' in a fearful situation?

Answer 25

They both dilate

Question 26

Cataracts

Answer 26

the proteins of the lens break down and lose their transparency.

Question 27

What causes the sensation of 'phantom pain'?

Answer 27

severed nerve endings continue to generate impulses (projection)

Question 28

Innate reflexes are ___________ programmed.

Answer 28

Genetically

Question 29

The structure on the tongue that contains 'taste bud' are in the __________ on the tongue.

Answer 29

Papillae

Question 30

The 'meningeal layer' on the surface of the spinal cord and brain is also called the __________.

Answer 30

Pia mater

Question 31

Salvation to smell and sight of food is a _______ reflex you have acquired.

Answer 31

Conditioned

Question 32

During an inflammation process, ________ is released by damaged cells.

Answer 32

Histamine

Question 33

Hunger and thirst are triggered by ___________.

Answer 33

Visceral sensations

Question 34

The outer layer of grey matter on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere is called the __________.

Answer 34

Cerebral cortex

Question 35

Excessive accumulation of CSF is called __________.

Answer 35

Hydrocephalus

Question 36

What is 'Graves disease' associated with?

Answer 36

HYPERSECRETION OF THYROXINE

Question 37

The condition that affects the 5th cranial nerve is called _______________.

Answer 37

Trigeminal neuralgia

Question 38

In the brain, the visual perception is located in the _______ lobe.

Answer 38

Occipital

Question 39

What causes 'Dwarfism'

Answer 39

hyposecretion of growth hormone

Question 40

What cranial nerve is involved in vasovagal syncope?

Answer 40

Vagus nerve

Question 41

What does the 'autonomic nervous system' restore?

Answer 41

homeostasis

Question 42

What is the largest section of the brain?

Answer 42

Cerebrum

Question 43

What space is the needle inserted into during a spinal tap?

Answer 43

Subarachnoid space

Question 44

What is the shape of the 'cochlea' in the ear?

Answer 44

Snail-shell shaped

Question 45

What part of the eye is colored?

Answer 45

Iris

Question 46

What does the external ear consist of?

Answer 46

auricle and auditory canal

Question 47

What are the 4 surface lobes of each hemisphere?

Answer 47

Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal

Question 48

What hormone is given to induce labour?

Answer 48

Oxytocin

Question 49

What is the name of the portion of the brain stem that joins spinal cord to brain?

Answer 49

Medulla

Question 50

What are ribs that do not articulate with the sternum called?

Answer 50

Floating

Question 51

'night blindness' is caused by a vitamin _____ deficiency.

Answer 51

Vitamin A

Question 52

ALS can be fatal because of the inability to contract the diaphragm and breathe due to, _______.

Answer 52

Paralysis

Question 53

What is another name for 'shingles'?

Answer 53

Herpes-zoster

Question 54

Where is the CSF produced?

Answer 54

ventricles

Question 55

What cranial nerve could be damaged by Glaucoma?

Answer 55

Optic nerve

Question 56

What is nerve deafness caused by?

Answer 56

Chronic loud noises | Some viral infections; mumps

Question 57

A severe blow to the back of the head can cause what?

Answer 57

visual disturbance

Question 58

Where could a left sided CVA cause paralysis?

Answer 58

Right side

Question 59

What are 3 issues that a person with equilibrium problems may have?

Answer 59

Nausea Dizziness balance problems

Question 60

What are the signs and symptoms of Hyperglycemia?

Answer 60

Extreme thirst, frequent urination, decreased weight

Question 61

What hormone is necessary for sperm production?

Answer 61

FSH | folical stimulating hormone

Question 62

Neurotransmitters allow neurons to __________ with each other.

Answer 62

Communicate

Question 63

Where are the specialized receptors for hearing and balance are located?

Answer 63

The inner ear

Question 64

________ is an inflammatory chemical that is released by damaged tissues and cells; makes capillaries more permeable/open

Answer 64

Histamine

Question 65

The parathyroid needs vitamin _______ to help absorb calcium.

Answer 65

Vitamin D

Question 66

The __________ release/ produce epinephrine; stress response.

Answer 66

Adrenals

Question 67

Which nerve allows for movement of the eyeball?

Answer 67

Occular motor nerve

Question 68

_______ makes the pupil smaller in bright light.

Answer 68

Constriction

Question 69

Dilated makes the pupil ________.

Answer 69

Bigger

Question 70

Mnemonic to remember the 12 cranial nerves + roots: Only One Octopus Talks Aloud For All Generous Visitors, Say Hello!

Answer 70

``` Olfactory Optic Oculomotor Trigeminal Abducens Facial Accessory Glossopharyngeal Vagus Superior oblique Hypoglossal ```

Question 71

What are the functions of the nervous system?

Answer 71

- Monitoring the internal & external environments through sensory receptors - Assimilation, processing and interpretation of experiences necessary for memory and learning (integration) - Initiating and coordinating a response by activating muscles and glands

Question 72

Oligodendrocytes

Answer 72

(the neuroglia in the CNS) - branched neuroglia with a few process that wrap tightly around fibers, producing myelin sheath

Question 73

In MS, the _________ is destroyed

Answer 73

Myelin sheath

Question 74

ANS (autonomic nervous system)

Answer 74

Responsible for homeostasis (involuntary) motor skills Conducts impulses from the CNS to cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, and glands

Question 75

SNS (somatic nervous system)

Answer 75

Responsible for muscle movements (voluntary) Conducts impulses from CNS to skeletal muscles

Question 76

Sympathetic division responsible for?

Answer 76

"fight or flight" response | Stress

Question 77

Parasympathetic division

Answer 77

Conserves energy | "housekeeping" during rest

Question 78

Neurotransmitters _______ across the synapse and process and send messages to the rest of the body.

Answer 78

Diffuse

Question 79

Innate reflexes are __________, while conditioned reflexes are ________.

Answer 79

Genetically programmed/automatic; | Acquired

Question 80

The "workhorse" of the brain

Answer 80

Cerebrum