Anatomy Ch 4 test review

Question 1

the skin; composed of epidermis and dermal layers

Answer 1

cutaneous membrane

Question 2

(mucous membrane) membrane that forms the lining of body cavities open to the exterior (digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tract)

Answer 2

mucosa

Question 3

(serous membrane) membrane that lines a cavity without an opening to the outside of the body (except for joint cavities)

Answer 3

serosa

Question 4

the serous membrane covering the lungs and lining the thoracic cavity

Answer 4

pleura

Question 5

a clear watery fluid secreted by the cells of a serous membrane

Answer 5

serous fluid

Question 6

the membranous sac enveloping the heart

Answer 6

pericardia

Question 7

membrane that lines the capsule of the synovial joint

Answer 7

synovial membrane

Question 8

a tough, insoluble protein found in tissues such as hair, nails, and epidermis of the skin

Answer 8

keratin

Question 9

the outer layer of the skin; epithelium

Answer 9

epidermis

Question 10

the deep layer of the skin; composed of dense, irregular connective tissue

Answer 10

dermis

Question 11

(subcutaneous tissue) deep to the dermis, essentially adipose tissue

Answer 11

hypodermis

Question 12

dark pigment synthesized by melanocytes; responsible for skin color

Answer 12

melanin

Question 13

glands that have ducts through which their secretions are carried to a body surface (skin or mucosa)

Answer 13

exocrine glands

Question 14

glands that empty their sebum secretion into hair follicles

Answer 14

sebaceous glands

Question 15

(sweat glands) that glands that produce a saline solution called sweat

Answer 15

sudoriferous glands

Question 16

the less numerous type of sweat glands. produces a secretion containing water, salt, and proteins

Answer 16

apocrine glands

Question 17

more numerous, found all over the body, produces sweat

Answer 17

eccrine glands

Question 18

only epidermis is damaged, area red and swollen, temporary discomfort, not usually serious and generally heals in two to three days without special attention, sunburn, partial thickness burn

Answer 18

first-degree burn

Question 19

injury to the epidermis and the upper region of dermis, skin red and painful, blisters appear, regrowth of the epidermis can occur, usually no permanent scars result if treated, partial thickness burns

Answer 19

second-degree burns

Question 20

destroy the entire thickness of the skin, burned area appears blanched (gray-white) or blackened, nerve endings destroyed= no pain, regeneration is not possible= need skin grafts, full-thickness burns

Answer 20

third-degree burns

Question 21

extends into deeper tissue (bone,muscle, tendon) appears dry and leathery, requires surgery and grafting, may require amputation, full-thickness bruns

Answer 21

fourth-degree burns

Question 22

body divided into 11 areas, plus 1% of genitals

Answer 22

rule of nines

Question 23

rule of nines- front of head

Answer 23

front of head 4.5%

Question 24

rule of nines= front upper body

Answer 24

front upper body 18%

Question 25

rule of nines= front left arm

Answer 25

front left arm 4.5%

Question 26

rule of nines= back left arm

Answer 26

back left arm 4.5%

Question 27

rule of nines= front right arm

Answer 27

front right arm 4.5%

Question 28

rule of nines= back right arm

Answer 28

back right arm 4.5%

Question 29

rule of nines= back of head

Answer 29

back of head 4.5%

Question 30

rule of nines= back of upper body

Answer 30

back of upper body 18%

Question 31

rule of nines= front left leg

Answer 31

front left leg 9%

Question 32

rule of nines= back left leg

Answer 32

back left leg 9%

Question 33

rule of nines= front right leg

Answer 33

front right leg 9%

Question 34

rule of nines= back right leg

Answer 34

back right leg 9%

Question 35

rule of nines= genitals

Answer 35

genitals 1%

Question 36

A

Answer 36

Asymmetry

Question 37

asymmetry

Answer 37

two sides of pigmented mole do not match

Question 38

B

Answer 38

Border irregularity

Question 39

Border irregularity

Answer 39

borders of mole are not smooth

Question 40

C

Answer 40

Color

Question 41

Color

Answer 41

different colors in pigmented area

Question 42

D

Answer 42

Diameter

Question 43

Diameter

Answer 43

spot is larger than 6 mm in diameter

Question 44

E

Answer 44

Evolutions

Question 45

Evolutions

Answer 45

one or more of the ABCD characteristics is evolving

Question 46

epidermis 5 layers, inside to out

Answer 46

stratum basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, and corneum

Question 47

where is keratin located?

Answer 47

found in tissues such as hair, nails and epidermis of the skin

Question 48

where are myelocytes?

Answer 48

mostly in the stratum basale of the skin

Question 49

covers organs in the abdominal cavity

Answer 49

peritoneum

Question 50

surround the lungs

Answer 50

pleurae

Question 51

surround the heart

Answer 51

pericardia

Question 52

what pigments contribute to skin color?

Answer 52

melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin

Question 53

yellow, reddish brown, or black pigments

Answer 53

melanin

Question 54

orange-yellow pigment (also found in some vegetables)

Answer 54

carotene

Question 55

red coloring from blood cells in dermal capillaries, oxygen content determines the extent of red coloring

Answer 55

hemoglobin

Question 56

due to embarrassment, inflammation, hypertension, fever, or allergy

Answer 56

redness (erythema)

Question 57

due to emotional stress (such as fear) anemia, low blood pressure, impaired blood flow to an area

Answer 57

pallor

Question 58

indicated a liver disorder

Answer 58

jaundice (yellow cast)

Question 59

bruises (black and blue marks)

Answer 59

hematomas

Question 60

what tissues make up the skin( cutaneous) ?

Answer 60

epidermis and dermis

Question 61

what is subcutaneous tissue?

Answer 61

hypodermis

Question 62

anchors skin to underlying organs, not technically part of the integumentary system, composed mostly of adipose tissue, serves as a shock absorber and insulated deeper tissue

Answer 62

hypodermis

Question 63

composed of stratified squamous epithelium, most cells are keratinized ( makes the layer tough), desmosomes connects keratinocytes together

Answer 63

epidermis- outer layer

Question 64

has no blood supply of its own, explains why man can shave daily and not bleed even though eh cuts off many cell layers each time he shaves

Answer 64

avascular

Question 65

deepest layer of epidermis, lays next to dermis, wavy borderline with the dermis anchors the two together, cells undergoing mitosis, daughter cells are pushed upward to become the more superficial layer

Answer 65

stratum basale

Question 66

cells become increasingly flatter and more keratinized

Answer 66

stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum

Question 67

formed from dead cells for the deeper strata, occurs ONLY in thick/hairless skin of the palms of hands and soles of feet

Answer 67

stratum lucidum

Question 68

outermost layer of epidermis, shingle-like dead cells are filled with keratin (protective protein prevents water loss from skin)

Answer 68

stratum corneum

Question 69

are formed by the cells of the stratum basale, they push into the deeper skin regions and ultimately reside almost entirely in the dermis

Answer 69

cutaneous glands

Question 70

fond all over the skin, except palms of hands and soles of feet

Answer 70

sebaceous (oil) glands

Question 71

apocrine glands (located)

Answer 71

largely contained to the axillary and genital areas of the body