Anatomy exam Flashcards
(25 cards)
X-ray
Pros- relatively cheap and fast
Cons- harmful, static, may need contrast solutions for soft tissue
Ultrasound
pros- relatively safe, live image
cons- hard to use around bone (ex. brain), or air spaces (ex. bowel or lungs)
—-Sound waves are bounced, or reflected, differently by various structures.
Sound waves hitting a moving object experience Doppler Shift, allowing you to track their direction and speed
Computed techonolgy (CT)
Pros-excellent resolution, 3d rendering
Cons-high radiation exposure, time consuming, expensive
–Many x-rays circle the body, generating a three-dimensional x-ray image
MRI
Pros-relatively safe, live image, can see active tissues (fMRI)
Cons-uncomfortable, time-consuming, expensive
—Detects radio pulses given off when a radio wave is passed through a tissue under a strong magnetic field
PET
Radioactive sugar or water injected into bloodstream are taken up by active tissues
-find tumors
Haematoxylin
Generl purpose usually wiht Eosin (blue -purple)
-Structures containing (-) charged substances like nucleus and ER
eosin
(pink)
-(+) charged molecules, especially amino groups in cytoplasmic proteins
silver
neurons
(Black)
Methylene Blue
blood cell, nucleic acid (blue)
Toluidine
Histopathology, examination of small structures
(Mastocytes = purple
Cartilage = purple
Mucins = purple/red
Nuclei = blue)
Cartilage ground substance
firm but flexible, hyaluronic acid
cartiage fiber
collagen
cartilage cell type
chondroblast
bone ground substance
rigid due to calcium salts
bone fiber
collagen
bone cell type
osteoblast and osteocytes
blood ground substance
aqueous
blood cell types
blood cells
adipose ground substance
very little
adipose cell types
brown fat and white fat
dense regular ground substance
more fibers
dense regular fiber
collagen; parrall
dense regular cell types
fibroblast
dense irregular fiber
mostly collagen ; random
