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anatomy > The abdomen > Flashcards

The abdomen Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

Ureters

A

collect urine and pass it to the bladder

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2
Q

Kidney

A

paired structures of urinary system

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3
Q

two layers of kidney

A

cortex and medulla

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4
Q

medulla

A

forms pyramids that empty into minor calyx, which empty into major calyx, ending in renal pelvis

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5
Q

Hilium

A

connected to renal artery and vein, as well as the ureter

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6
Q

Diaphragm

A

-right crus attached to LIII
-left crus attached to LII

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7
Q

median arcuate ligament

A

connects them and rides over aorta

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8
Q

spleen

A

-repository of blood cells
-allows for rapid changes in hematocrit
-destroys damaged red blood cells

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9
Q

pancreas

A

large gland
-composed of both endocrine and exocrine tissue
-produces hormones related to glucostasis
-produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ion

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10
Q

liver

A

largest visceral organ
-diaphragmatic surface and visceral surface

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11
Q

right lobe of liver

A

has two smaller sub lobes

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12
Q

quadrate of liver

A

functions as part of the left lobe

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13
Q

caudrate of liver

A

functionally distinct from the other lobes

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14
Q

gallbladder

A

holds the secretion from the liver

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15
Q

large intestine

A

used for reabsorption of water and absorption of some water soluble materials

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16
Q

four sections of large intestine

A

-ascending
-transverse
-descending
-rectum

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17
Q

small intestine

A

sites of additional digestion and absorption

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18
Q

duodenum of small intestine

A

digestion, receiving inputs from liver/gall bladder through bile duct and pancreas via pancreatic duct

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19
Q

suspensory ligament surrounds

A

duodenal jejunal flexure

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20
Q

jejunum

A

larger and thicker, more mucosal tissue

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21
Q

ileum

A

most distal majority of length of S.I

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22
Q

lesser omentum

A

holds the liver, gall bladder, duodenum, and stomach together

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23
Q

greater omentum

A

large sheet of mesentery covering lower abdominal viscera
-subcutaneous abdominal fat store
-highly vascular

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24
Q

the peritoneum

A

a single thin membrane lines the peritoneal cavity surrounds organs

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25
visceral peritoneum
surrounds organ
26
parietal peritoneu,
lines cavity
27
mesentroes
double layer, links peritoneum together
28
two major divisions of peritoneum
-greater sac -omental bursa
29
greater sac
most of the space
30
omental bursa
posterior to liver, -lesser omentum -stomach
31
omental (epiploic) foramen
links the two major division
32
iguinal canal
ring of ligament with a tube passing through it 0contains ilio-inguinal nerve in both sexes
33
inguinal canal in males
genital nerve and branch and spermatic cord
34
inguinal canal in females
round ligament of uterus
35
deeper muscles
-rectus abdominus -pyramindalis
36
rectus abdominus
run longitudinally, compresses abdomen and flex vertebral column
37
pyramindalis
synergist to muscles pulling on the Linea alba by tensing it
38
external oblique
meet at the midline s an aponeurosis
39
aponeurosis
sheet of fibrous connective tissue instead of a ligament or tendon
40
linea alba
white line though central band of aponeurosis
41
internal oblique
deeper than external, in plane with ribs -individual causes lateral flexion and rotation -attach to linea alba
42
transverse abdominus
muscles deepest, below the place of ribs -compresses abdomne
43
transverse abdominus
muscles deepest, below the place of ribs -compresses abdomen -attach linea alba
44
artery supply in abdomen
three major arteries -celiac -superior mesenteric -inferior mesenteric
45
celiac
foregut
46
superior mesenteric
midgut
47
inferior mesentric
hindgut
48
venous supply in abdomen
largely paired vessels ending at the inferior vena cava Exceptions- small veins and venules form G.I system
49
venours supply to liver
all veins from the gastrointestinal system are routed to the liver first -collect into the hepatic portal -allows material absorbed to be screen for toxic compounds and processed
50
connection with limbs
features from abdomen extend into lower limbs -passes through the inguinal aperture under the inguinal ligament - weak spot in males
51
posterios border of pelvc inlet
sacrum
52
anterior pelvic inlet
pubic symphysos
53
lateral pelvic inlet
rim of pelvic bones
54
abdomen
bordered by inferior thoracic aperture and pelvic inlet -encloses a single large peritoneal cavity
55
function of abdomen
houses and protects major viscera -digestive system -spleen -part of urinary system Plays an important role in breathing
56
inferior thoracic aperture
sealed off by the diaphram
57
arcuate ligament
jumps over the aorta and vena cava while anchoring the posterior side of the diaphragm ro vertebral column
58
visceral arterial supply
abdominal portion of descending aorta -forks into left and right common iliac arteries towards limbs -mesenteric arteries arise directly off the aorta
59
celia trunk
splits off under diaphragm to spleen, stomach, and liver
60
superior mesenteric feeds
the small intestine ascending colon transverse colon
61
inferior mesenteric artery feeeds
descending colon and rectum
62
celia trunk major arteries
-gastric artery -splenic artery -gastro-omental arteries -hepatic arteries -gastroduodenal artery
63
superior mesenteric major arteries
-Marginal -right colic -ileocolic
64
inferior mesenteric major arteries
-left colic -sigmoids
65
visceral venous return
hepatic portal veins splenic veins gastic/gastro- omental veins
66
posterior abdominal wall
encloses a compartment between peritoneum and back -holds the kidneys and great vessels
67
posterior abdominal wall skeltal
llia lumbar vertebra floating ribs
68
what forms posterior wall
quandratus laborum and intercostal muscles -depresses rib XII and lateral rotation of lumbar region
69
what forms lateral wall
tranversus abdominus
70
right crus of diaphragm
attached to LIII
71
left crus of diaphragm
attached to LII
72
what connects right and left crus
median arcuate ligament and rides over aorta

anatomy (8 decks)

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