anatomy final

Question 1

what are the actions and innervation of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 1

hip flexion
knee extension

femoral n.

Question 2

what are the actions and innervation of the medial compartment of the thigh?

Answer 2

hip adduction

obturator n.

Question 3

what are the actions and innervation of the posterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 3

hip extension
knee flexion

sciatic n. - tibial and fibular divisions

Question 4

what muscles are in the anterior compartment?

Answer 4

iliopsoas
sartorius
quadriceps

Question 5

what muscles are in the medial compartment?

Answer 5

pectineus
adductor longus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus
gracilis

Question 6

what are the borders to the femoral triangle?

Answer 6

inguinal lig
sartorius
adductor longus

Question 7

what are the contents of the femoral triangle?

Answer 7

lateral femoral cutaneous n.
femoral n.
femoral a.
femoral v.
deep inguinal lymph nodes

Question 8

what does the lateral femoral cutaneous n. innervate?

Answer 8

majority of lateral hip and thigh

Question 9

what does the genitofemoral n. innervate?

Answer 9

small portion of proximal anterior thigh, directly superficial to iliopsoas

Question 10

what does the ilioinguinal n. innervate?

Answer 10

small portion of proximal medial thigh

Question 11

what does the lateral anterior cutaneous n. innervate?

Answer 11

majority of anteromedial thigh

Question 12

what are the parts of the deltoid lig?

Answer 12

anterior tibfib
tibionavicular
tibiocalcaneal
post tibfib

Question 13

what are the three retinaculums of ankle

Answer 13

superior extensor retinaculum
inferior extensor retinaculum
flexor retinaculum

Question 14

what borders of the tarsal tunnel

Answer 14

ant: tibia
post: talus
sup: medial malleolus
floor: calcaneus, talus, tibia
lateral: calcaneus
roof: flexor retinaculum

Question 15

what are the contents of the tarsal tunnel

Answer 15

tibialis posterior tendon
flexor digitorum longus tendon
posterior tibial artery and vein
tibial nerve
flexor hallucis longus tendon

Question 16

what are the superficial veins of the LE

Answer 16

great saphenous vein
accessory saphenous vein
small saphenous vein

Question 17

what are the deep veins of LE

Answer 17

external iliac vein
femoral vein
deep femoral vein
popliteal vein

Question 18

anterior compartment of leg

Answer 18

actions: DF of foot at ankle, extend digits
innervation: deep fibular nerve

Question 19

lateral compartment of leg

Answer 19

actions: eversion of foot at ankle
innervation: superficial fibular nerve

Question 20

posterior compartment of leg

Answer 20

actions: PF of foot at ankle and flexion of knee
innervation: tibial nerve

Question 21

muscles of ant compartment of leg

Answer 21

tib anterior (DF)
extensor digitorum longus (ext of digits)
extensor hallucis longus (ext great toe)
fibularis tertius (DF and eversion)

Question 22

msucles of lateral comp of leg

Answer 22

fibularis longus (eversion)
fibularis brevis (eversion)

Question 23

what muscles does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?

Answer 23

gluteus medius
gluteus minimus

Question 24

what muscle does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?

Answer 24

gluteus maximus

Question 25

what muscles does that sciatic nerve innervate?

Answer 25

biceps femoris semimembranosus semitendinosus ischial portion of adductor magnus

Question 26

what three muscles make up the levator ani group?

Answer 26

iliococcygeus pubococcygeus puborectalis

Question 27

what artery is near the femoral head?

Answer 27

artery of ligamentum teres

Question 28

what artery is near the femoral neck?

Answer 28

deep femoral artery medial and lateral circumflex arteries

Question 29

posterior comp of thigh

Answer 29

biceps femoris - hip ex, knee flex, lateral rot of knee mem and ten - hip ex, knee flex, medial rot of knee innervation - sciatic: tibial and common fibular

Question 30

branches of the genicular anastomosis

Answer 30

superior lateral genicular artery superior medial genicular artery middle genicular artery inferior lateral genicular artery inferior medial genicular artery

Question 31

what does the sural nerve do?

Answer 31

sensory only

Question 32

where does the small saphenous vein empty to?

Answer 32

popliteal vein

Question 33

where does the popliteal artery and vein supply and drain?

Answer 33

posterior knee

Question 34

layer 1 of the plantar of foot

Answer 34

abd hallucis flexor digitorum brevis abd digit minimi

Question 35

layer 2 of the plantar of foot

Answer 35

flexor hallucis longus tendon flexor digitorum longus tendon quadratus plantae lumbricals

Question 36

layer 3 of the plantar of foot

Answer 36

flexor hallucis brevis flexor digit minimi brevis adductor hallucis

Question 37

layer 4 of the plantar of foot

Answer 37

plantar interossei dorsal interossei

Question 38

lateral longitudinal arch

Answer 38

supported by fibularis longus and flexor digitorum longus

Question 39

medial longitudinal arch

Answer 39

maintain by tibialis posterior tendon inserting on navicular and medial cuneiform

Question 40

what are the two layers of the pericardium?

Answer 40

fibrous serous - parietal - visceral

Question 41

cardiac strucures in order of blood flow

Answer 41

Return from systemic circulation → Superior and inferior vena cava Right atrium Tricuspid valve Right ventricle Pulmonary valve Pulmonary trunk Pulmonary arteries → lungs Pulmonary veins Left atrium Bicuspid / mitral valve Left ventricle Aortic valve Ascending aorta → aortic arch → oxygenated blood to systemic circulation

Question 42

where do coronary arteries originate from?

Answer 42

ascending aorta and supply myocardium

Question 43

where do coronary arteries empty

Answer 43

into coronary sinus, drains into right atrium

Question 44

which artery is called the widowmaker?

Answer 44

left anterior descending

Question 45

which lung has three lobes?

Answer 45

right only

Question 46

which lobe has the cardiac notch

Answer 46

superior lobe of left lung

Question 47

what does emphysema result from?

Answer 47

destruction of alveolar walls

Question 48

what does the phrenic nerve innervate?

Answer 48

diaphragm

Question 49

what does the diaphragm have openings for?

Answer 49

esophagus inferior vena cava aorta azygos vein thoracic duct

Question 50

what are the five folds of the peritoneum?

Answer 50

greater omentum falciform ligament lesser omentum mesentery mesocolon

Question 51

what is the falciform ligament?

Answer 51

divides right and left lobe of liver

Question 52

what is the mesentery?

Answer 52

keeps small intestine in place