Anatomy: Floor Of The Mouth

Question 1

What structures make up the roof of the oral cavity?

Answer 1

• hard palate
• soft palate

Question 2

What structure makes up the posterior border of the mouth?

Answer 2

The oropharyngeal isthmus

Question 3

What is the oropharyngeal isthmus?

Answer 3

A space bounded laterally by the palatoglossal folds

Question 4

What structures compose the floor of the oral cavity?

Answer 4

The tongue and muscles of FOM

Question 5

What structures make up the anterior border of the oral cavity?

Answer 5

The alveolar/dental arches

Question 6

What structure is very tightly adhered to the periosteum of the maxilla and palatine bones?

Answer 6

Palatal mucoperiostium

Question 7

What mucosa is made up of non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelium?

Answer 7

Alveolar mucosa

Question 8

The point where the alveolar mucosa meets the attached gingiva is known as?

Answer 8

The mucogingival junction

Question 9

The bands of tissue anchoring mucosa to underlying bone are known as?

Answer 9

Labial frenula

Question 10

What are sublingual folds?

Answer 10

Openings in the FOM for ducts if sublingual gland to drain through

Question 11

What is the purpose of sublingual papillae?

Answer 11

Openings for submandibular gland ducts

Question 12

What vein is a feature of the FOM?

Answer 12

The deep lingual vein

Question 13

What muscle forms the most inferior part of the FOM?

Answer 13

The anterior belly of digastric

Question 14

What innervates the anterior belly of digastric?

Answer 14

CN V3 via the nerve to mylohyoid

Question 15

Where does the superficial part of the submandibular gland sit in relation to the mylohyoid muscle?

Answer 15

Sits inferiorly

Question 16

Where does the deep part of the submandibular gland sit in relation to the mylohyoid muscle?

Answer 16

Sits superiorly

Question 17

Where does the left and right geniohyoid muscles sit in relation to the mylohyoid muscle?

Answer 17

Superiorly (deeper)

Question 18

Where do the sublingual glands sit in relation to the mylohyoid and geniohyoid?

Answer 18

They sit superior to the mylohyoid and lateral to the geniohyoid

Question 19

What cranial nerve supplies the geniohyoid?

Answer 19

CN XII (hypoglossal nerve)

Question 20

What two structures in the floor of the mouth cross over one another, and how?

Answer 20

The submandibular duct crosses over the top of the lingual nerve

Question 21

Where does the chorda tympani carry pre-synaptic parasympathetic fibres to synapse?

Answer 21

The submandibular ganglion

Question 22

Where are post-syntaptic parasympathetic fibres from the submandibular ganglion distributed?

Answer 22

To both the sublingual and submandibular glands

Question 23

Where does the chorda tympani relay special sensory fibres to?

Answer 23

Anterior 2/3rds of tongue

Question 24

What are the 4 main functions of the tongue?

Answer 24

• forms food bolus to be swallowed
• keeps mouth clean
• speech
• tasting and sensing food

Question 25

What nerve supplies general sensation to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?

Answer 25

The lingual nerve ( branch of CN V3)

Question 26

What nerve supplies special taste sensation to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?

Answer 26

CN VII (chorda tympani)

Question 27

Which nerve supplies general and special sensation to the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue?

Answer 27

CN IX ( Glossopharyngeal nerve)

Question 28

What structure divides the anterior and posterior parts of the tongue?

Answer 28

The terminal sulcus

Question 29

What nerve supplies vallate papillae?

Answer 29

CN IX

Question 30

What nerve supplies foliate papillae?

Answer 30

CN VII

Question 31

What nerve supplies filiform papillae?

Answer 31

CN V3

Question 32

What nerve supplies fungiform papillae?

Answer 32

CN VII

Question 33

Which papillae is an exception to the rule that CN IX only applies the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?

Answer 33

Vallate papillae

Question 34

Which papillae is not a taste bud? It functions to mechanically move food.

Answer 34

Filiform papillae

Question 35

From the lateral side of the neck, explain the path of the hypoglossal nerve to reach the tongue.

Answer 35

1. Passes between the internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein 2. Passes inferior to anterior belly of digastric 3. Passes into submandibular region, laterally to the hyoglossus muscle of the tongue 4. Passes superiorly to mylohyoid in order to reach the tongue

Question 36

What are the two types of straited muscles of the tongue?

Answer 36

Intrinsic and extrinsic

Question 37

Which strained muscles act to alter the shape of the tongue?

Answer 37

Intrinsic muscles

Question 38

What do longitudinal intrinsic muscles do to the tongue?

Answer 38

Make it short and thick

Question 39

What do transverse and vertical intrinsic muscles do to the tongue?

Answer 39

Elongate and narrow it

Question 40

What are the four main extrinsic muscles?

Answer 40

- palatoglossus - styloglossus - hyoglossus - genioglossus

Question 41

What extrinsic muscle can be considered the ‘main muscle of the tongue’?

Answer 41

Genioglossus

Question 42

Where does the genioglossus arise from to insert into the body of the tongue?

Answer 42

Arises from genial tubercules or mental spines

Question 43

What cranial nerve supplies all extrinsic muscles except the palatoglossus?

Answer 43

CN XII

Question 44

What cranial nerve supplies the palatoglossus?

Answer 44

CN X

Question 45

What happens to the tongue when the genioglossus muscle contracts?

Answer 45

The tongue sticks out

Question 46

What is the clinical test for CN XII?

Answer 46

Ask patient to stick tongue out straight. - if nerves are normal, tongue will remain in midline - if nerves are damaged, tongue will point towards the side of injured nerve

Question 47

The sublingual papillae serve as openings for saliva from which gland?

Answer 47

Submandibular gland

Question 48

The labial alveolar mucosa extends between the boundaries of which teeth?

Answer 48

3-3 ( canine to canine)