Anatomy: Vasculature Of The Head And Neck

Question 1

What are the three main vessels associated with the heart?

Answer 1

Arch of the aorta
Vena cava
Pulmonary trunk

Question 2

What are the three branches of the arch of the aorta called?

Answer 2

• brachiocephalic trunk
• left common carotid artery
• left subclavian artery

Question 3

What does the brachiocephalic trunk supply?

Answer 3

Supplies right side of head and neck, and the right upper arm

Question 4

What does the left common carotid artery supply?

Answer 4

Left side of the head and neck

Question 5

What does the left subclavian artery supply?

Answer 5

Left upper arm

Question 6

How many branches are there off the brachiocephalic trunk?

Answer 6

Two

Question 7

Name the two branches of the brachiocephalic trunk

Answer 7

Right Subclavian artery
Right common carotid artery

Question 8

What muscle crosses superior to the subclavian artery?

Answer 8

Scalenus anterior

Question 9

What bony structure is the brachiocephalic trunk deep to before it branches off?

Answer 9

Sternum

Question 10

How many parts make up the subclavian artery?

Answer 10

Three

Question 11

What are the three divisions of the subclavian artery based upon?

Answer 11

Their location to scalenus anterior muscle

Question 12

Where is scalenus anterior muscle in relation to SCM?

Answer 12

Deep to SCM

Question 13

Where is part 1 of the subclavian artery situated in relation to scalenus anterior?

Answer 13

Medial

Question 14

Where is part 2 of the subclavian artery situated in relation scalenus anterior?

Answer 14

Behind

Question 15

Where is part 3 of the subclavian artery situated in relation to scalenus anterior?

Answer 15

Lateral ( on top of rib 1)

Question 16

What division of the subclavian artery is of most interest to the head and neck?

Answer 16

1st part

Question 17

What are the three branches of the 1st part of the subclavian artery called?

Answer 17

1. Vertebral artery
2. Thryocervical trunk
3. Internal thoracic artery

Question 18

How does the vertebral artery reach the cranial cavity?

Answer 18

Travels via transverse foramen of cervical vertebrae

Question 19

Through what foramen does the vertebral artery enter the cranial cavity?

Answer 19

Foramen magnum

Question 20

What important structure branches off the thyrocervical trunk to directly supply the inferior part of the thyroid gland?

Answer 20

Inferior thyroid artery

Question 21

Which branch of the 1st part of the subclavian artery descends downwards on either side of the sternum?

Answer 21

Internal thoracic artery

Question 22

What does the internal thoracic artery supply?

Answer 22

Intercostal spaces

Question 23

What artery supplies the superior part if the thyroid gland?

Answer 23

Superior thyroid artery

Question 24

What artery does the superior thyroid artery branch off of?

Answer 24

External carotid artery

Question 25

What are the two branches of the common carotid artery?

Answer 25

External and internal carotid arteries

Question 26

Which carotid artery leaves the carotid sheath?

Answer 26

External carotid artery

Question 27

What are the two main arteries supplying the brain?

Answer 27

Right vertebral artery Right internal carotid artery

Question 28

Where do the internal carotid arteries enter the cranial cavity?

Answer 28

Carotid canals

Question 29

Where do the vertebral arteries enter the cranial cavity?

Answer 29

Via foramen magnum

Question 30

What part/s of the brain does the internal carotid arteries supply?

Answer 30

Anterior and middle brain

Question 31

What part/s of the brain does the vertebral arteries supply?

Answer 31

Posterior brain

Question 32

What level is the bifurcation of the common carotid artery at?

Answer 32

The level of superior border of thyroid cartilage/hyoid bone

Question 33

What structures are contained within deep fascia known as the carotid sheath?

Answer 33

Common carotid artery and internal carotid artery

Question 34

How does the carotid sinus appear and where?

Answer 34

It appears as a slight enlargement at bifurcation of common carotid artery, at the start of internal carotid artery.

Question 35

What structure contains baroreceptors that monitor blood pressure?

Answer 35

Carotid sinus

Question 36

What structure is located within the bifurcation of the common carotid artery?

Answer 36

Carotid body

Question 37

What might the carotid body be described as?

Answer 37

A chemoreceptor

Question 38

What does the carotid body do?

Answer 38

Monitors chemical composition within arterial blood

Question 39

What are the 8 branches of the external carotid artery?

Answer 39

Superior thyroid Ascending pharyngeal Lingual Facial Occipital Posterior auricular Maxillary superficial temporal

Question 40

What is the pneumonic used to remember the branches of the external carotid artery?

Answer 40

Some Anatomists Like Fries Others Prefer Mashed Spuds

Question 41

Where does the inferior alveolar artery branch off of?

Answer 41

The 1st part of the maxillary artery

Question 42

What artery supplies the mandible?

Answer 42

Inferior alveolar artery

Question 43

How might infection spread from a lower molar to the heart?

Answer 43

Bacteria from a lower molar abscess could potentially enter the inferior alveolar vein. This could result in spread of infection to the bloodstream and back to the heart.