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Anatomy IA Flashcards

(253 cards)

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0
Q

4 bursae shoulder

A

Subscapular
Subacromial
Infraspinatous
Supraspinatous

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1
Q

4 ligaments of shoulder,

Strongest to weakest

A

Coracoacromial
Coracohumeral
Transverse humeral
Glenohumeral

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2
Q

Nerve supply shoulder

A

Sub scapular
Su capsular
Axillary

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3
Q

Floor bicipital groove

A

Lats

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4
Q

Medial lip bicipital groove

A

Teres major

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5
Q

Lateral lip bicipital groove

A

Pectoralis major

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6
Q

Flexion shoulder

A

Pectoralis major
Anterior fibres deltoid
Biceps
Corachobrachialis

PABC

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7
Q

Extension shoulder

A

Teres major
Posterior fibres deltoid
Latissimus dorsi

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8
Q

Medial rotation shoulder

A 
Subscapularis
Teres major
Pectoralis major
Tendon of LD
Anterior fibres deltoid
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9
Q

Origin and insertion teres major

A

Origin- lower 1/3 lateral scapula

Insertion- medial lip bicipital groove

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10
Q

Lateral rotation shoulder

A

Teres minor
Infraspinatous
Posterior fibres deltoid

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11
Q

Adduction shoulder

A

MAJOR

teres major
Pectoralis major

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12
Q

Abduction shoulder first 40 degrees

A

Supraspinatous

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13
Q

90 degrees abduction shoulder

A

Deltoid

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14
Q

Abduction before vertical

A

Trapezius

Serratus anterior

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15
Q

Abduction shoulder to vertical

A

Infrapsonatous

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16
Q

Muscles of anterior compartment atm

A

BBC
Biceps
Brachialis
Corachobrachialis

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17
Q

Biceps O and I

A

Long head: supraglenoid tubercle scapula
Short head: apex coracoid

–> radial tuberosit

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18
Q

Brachialis O and I

A

Anterior humerus

–> tuberosity ulna

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19
Q

Corachobrachialis O and I

A

Coracoid process

–> linear mid shaft medial humerus

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20
Q

Function biceps

A

Flexion elbow
Supination
Flexion arm

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21
Q

Triceps O and I

A

Long head: infraglenoid tubercle
Medial head: medial humerus
Lateral head: lateral humerus
–> olecranon

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22
Q

Posterior wall axilla

A

Subscapularis
Teres major
Latissimus dorsi

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23
Q

Anterior wall axilla

A

Pectoralis major

Pectoralis minor in clavipectoral fascia

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24
Medial wall axilla
Serratus anterior to 4th rib
25
Lateral wall axilla
Inter tubercular groove | Biceps tendon
26
Apex of axilla
Clavicle Scapula Outer first rib
27
Contents of axilla
``` Muscles Long head biceps LD Teres major Pectoralis minor Corachobrachialis Short head biceps Long thoracic nerve Axillary nvbundle Lymph nodes ```
28
Cubital fossa boundaries
Intercondylar line Lateral-brachoradialis Medial-pronator teres
29
Lateral-medial cubital fossa
Tendon biceps Artery- brachial Nerve- median
30
Floor cubital fossa
Brachialis | Sulpinator
31
Roof cubital fossa
Deep fascia forearm Bicipital aponeurosis Median cubital vein Medial and lateral cutaneous nerves of forearm
32
Axillary lymph nodes
Lateral/posterior/anterior--> central Central--> apical Infra navicular--> apical
33
Superficial layer anterior comp forearm
Pronator teres Flexor Carpi radialis Palmaris lingus Flexor carpi ulnaris
34
Intermediate layer anterior forearm
Flexor digitorum superficialis
35
Deep layer anterior compartment forearm
Pronator quadratus Flexor pollicis longus Flexor digitorum profundis
36
Pronator teres
Humeral head- medial epicondyle | Ulnar head- coronoid process
37
Flexor carpi radialis
Medial epi--> base of metacarpals 2 and 3
38
Palmaris longus
Medial epi--> palmar aponeurosis
39
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Humeral head- medial epicondyle | Ulnar head- olecranon
40
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Humeroulnar head- medial epi and coronoid Radial head- oblique line --> MIDDLE phalanx
41
Pronator quadratus
Radius to ulna
42
Flexor pollicis longus
Radius/ iom | --> DISTAL phalanx thumb
43
Flexor digitorum profundis
Ulna/iom | --> DISTAL phalanx
44
Innervation anterior comp forearm
MEDIAN nerve (Anterior interosseous for deep layer) Except flexor carpi ulnaris, medial 1/2 FDP
45
Wrist flexion
FCU | FCR
46
Finger flexion
FDS | FDP
47
Thumb flexion
FPL
48
Pronation
Pronator teres | Pronator quadratus
49
9 tendons of the carpal tunnel
FDS FDP FPL
50
Extensor of forearm= posterior compartment nerve supply
Radial nerve | And posterior interosseous nerve of radial
51
Superficial comp posterior forearm 7 muscles
``` Brachoradialis ECRL ECRB Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi ECU Anconeus ```
52
Brachoradilis
Supracondylar ridge--> distal radius
53
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Supra condylar ridge | -- base meta 2
54
Extensor carpi radialis breaks
Lateral epicondyle | -- base of meta 2 and 3
55
Extensor digitorum
Lateral epicondyle | -- extensor hood (middle and distal phalanx)
56
Extensor digiti minimi
Lateral epicondyle | -- eh of little finger
57
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Lateral epicondyle | -- base meta 5
58
Anconeus
Lateral epicondyle | -- olecranon
59
Deep muscles of posterior forearm
``` Supinator Extensor indicis Extensor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Abductor pollicis longus ```
60
Supinator
Superficial head-- lateral epicondyle Deep head-- supinator crest ulna --> lateral radius
61
Extensor indicis
Posterior ulna | --> eh index finger
62
Extensor pollicis longus
Posterior ulna--> distal phalanx
63
Extensor pollicis brevis
Posterior radius | --> proximal phalanx
64
Abductor pollicis longus
Posterior radius and ulna | --> metacarpal 1
65
Bones of snuff box
Scaphoid | Trapezium
66
Contents of snuff box
Radial artery Superficial branch radial nerve Cephalic vein
67
Edges of snuff box
Extensor pollicis longus, brevis, abductor pollicis longus
68
Extensor retinaculum
Radial styloid--> pisiform and triquetrum
69
Intrinsic muscles of hand
``` Palamaris brevis Dorsal interossei Palmar interossei Adductor pollicis Lumbricals Thenar muscles Hypothenar muscles ```
70
Thenar muscles
Opponens pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis
71
Hypothenar muscles
Opponens digiti minimi Abductor digit minimi Flexor digiti minimi
72
Fracture surgical neck humerus | Humerus anterior dislocation
Axillary nerve damage
73
Flattened deltoid Loss abduction Loss sensation lateral arm and regimental patch
Axillary nerve damage
74
Axillary nerve
Motor: deltoid and teres minor Sensory: upper lateral arm
75
Compression of upper trunk
MusculocutNeous nerve damage
76
Upper lateral cutaneous nerve of arm
Axillary nerve
77
Cannot flex or supinate forearm Cannot feel lateral forearm
Musculcutaneous nerve damage
78
Musculocutaneous nerve
Motor: anterior comp arm Sensory-lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm
79
Lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm
Musculocutaneous
80
Midshaft humerus fracture Axilla compression-- crutches or Saturday night palsy
Radial nerve damage
81
Radial nerve
Motor: Posterior comp arm and forearm Sensory: Posterior arm and forearm Lower lateral arm Dorsolateral hand (except ulnar and median nail beds)
82
Wrist drop
Loss of extension of elbow, wrist, fingers Radial nerve problem Depending on damage to ECRL
83
Reduction in grip strength
Radial nerve
84
Artery associated with axillary nerve
Posterior circumflex
85
Nerve associated with profunda brachii
Radial nerve in spiral groove
86
Supra condylar fracture humerus
Median nerve proximal lesion
87
Which artery associated with supra condylar humerus fracture?
Brachial artery
88
Median nerve
Motor: Anterior comp forearm except FCU and medial 1/2 FDP LOAF Sensory: Palmar lateral 3.5 fingers and nail beds and lateral Palm and middle wrist
89
Apes hand
Median nerve
90
Popes blessing
Median nerve
91
Superficial Palm laceration
Recurrent branch of median nerve
92
Ape hand loss of LOAF but sparing of what in which clinical scenario?
Sparing of median nerve sensation Superficial Palm laceration
93
Anterior interosseous nerve
Branch of median nerve
94
Posterior interosseous nerve
Branch of radial nerve
95
Claw hand
Ulnar nerve
96
Fracture of medial epicondyle humerus
Ulnar nerve
97
Fracture of hook of hamate
Distal ulnar nerve lesion
98
Ulnar nerve
Motor: all intrinsic muscles of hand except LOAF And FCU And medial 1/2 FDP Sensory: Medial 1.5 fingers palmar and dorsal and associated Palm
99
Atrophy of hypothenar eminence
Ulnar nerve
100
Dorsal scapular nerve
Rhomboidal
101
Long thoracic nerve
Serratus anterior
102
Axillary lymph node dissection injure which nerve
Long thoracic nerve
103
Supra scapular nerve
Supraspinatous | Infraspinatous
104
Nerve to subclavius
Subclavius
105
Lateral pectoral nerve
Pectoralis major
106
Medial pectoral nerve
Pectoralis major AND minor
107
Thoracodorsal nerve
LD
108
Superior subscapular
Subscapularis
109
Inferior subscapular nerve
Subscapularis | Teres major
110
Golfers elbow
Repetitive F | Medial epicondylitis
111
Tennis elbow
Repetitive E | Lateral epicondylitis
112
Most commonly fractured wrist bone
Scaphoid
113
Which wrist bone most susceptible to AVN
Scaphoid | Retrograde blood flow
114
Cyclists likely to get
Guyon canal syndrome-- ulnar nerve
115
Upper trunk C5,6 palsy
Erbs palsy
116
Arm at side Medially rotated Extended and pronated
Erbs palsy Deltoid and supraspjnatous Infraspinatous Deltoid
117
Lateral neck traction infant
Erbs palsy
118
Upward force on arm infant
Klumpke palsy
119
Total claw hand
Klumpke palsy
120
Klumpke palsy
All intrinsic hand muscles gone
121
All intrinsic hand muscles gone plus pain and edema
Thoracic outlet syndrome: | Compression of lower trunk and subclavian vessels
122
4th and 5th fingers clawed
Distal ulnar | Proximal median
123
4th and 5th clawed with fingers extended/ at rest
Ulnar claw
124
Clawing of 4th and 5th when making a fist
Pope's blessing | = proximal median
125
Clawing of 2nd and 3rd fingers
Distal median | Proximal ulnar
126
Clawing of 2nd and 3rd fingers when fingers extended/ at rest
Distal median-- median claw
127
Clawing of 2nd and 3rd fingers when making a fist
Proximal ulnar-okay gesture
128
Muscles of gluteal region
``` Piriformis Obturator internus Gemellus superior Gemellus inferior Quadratus Femoris Tensor fascia lata Gluteus minimus Gluteus medius Gluteus Maximus ```
129
Nerve to obturator internus
L5, S1,2 Obturator internus Gemellus superior
130
Inferior gluteal nerve
L5, S1,2 | Gluteus Maximus
131
Nerve to quadratus Femoris
L4,5 S1 Quadratus Femoris Gemellus inferior
132
Superior gluteal nerve
L4,5 S1 | Gluteus medius and minimus
133
Piriformis
Anterior sacral for foramina-- greater trochanter | i= nerve to piriformis
134
Obturator internus
Anterolateral pelvis and ob men-- greater trochanter
135
Gemellus superior
Ischial spine and ob tendon--greater trochanter
136
Gemellus inferior
Ischial tuberosity-- greater trochanter
137
Quadratus femoris
Lateral ischium-- intertrochanteric crest
138
Gluteus minimus
Anterior and inferior gluteal lines-- greater trochanter
139
Gluteus medius
Anterior and posterior gluteal lines-- greater trochanter
140
Gluteus Maximus
Gluteal ilium/sacrum/lumbar fascia/sacrotuberous lig-- gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract
141
Greater sciatic foramen
``` Superior gluteal nvb (above piri) Inferior gluteal nvb Sciatic nerve Perforating cutaneous Posterior cutaneous femoral Nerve to obturator internus Nerve to quadratus femoris Pudendal nvb ```
142
Lesser sciatic foramen
Tendon of obturator internus Nerve to obturator internus Pudendal nvb
143
Sacrospinous lig --> foramen
Greater sciatic foramen
144
Sacrotuberous lig--> foramen
Lesser sciatic foramen
145
Sacral plexus
``` Piriformis nerve to- S1,2 (piri) Posterior femoral cutaneous- S1,2,3 Perforating cutaneous- S2,3 Pudendal- S2,3,4 Pelvic splanchnic / parasympathetic- s2,3,4 (pelvic organs) Perineal branch S4- S4 (levator ani) ```
146
Muscles of anterior compartment thigh
``` Psoas major Iliacus Rictus femoris Sartorius Vasti- medialis, intermedius, lateralis ``` Pectineus
147
What attaches to greater trochanter
``` Piriformis Obturator internus Gemelli superior and inferior Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus ```
148
What attaches to lesser trochanter
Psoas | Iliacus
149
What attaches into quadriceps tendon
Rectus femoris | Vasti
150
Psoas
Lumbar vert-- lesser trochanter
151
Iliacus
Iliac fossa -- lesser trochanter
152
Rectus femoris
Straight head- AIIS reflected head- ilium above acetabulum --> quadriceps tendon
153
Sartorius
ASIS-- tibial tuberosity
154
Vastus medialis
Medial it line--> quads
155
Vastus inter medialis
In between--> quads
156
Vastus lateralis
Lateral it line--> quads
157
Innervation anterior compartment thigh
Femoral nerve | Pectineus
158
Medial compartment thigh
[pectineus Gracilis Adductor longus/brevis/Magnus Obturator externus
159
Pectineus
Pectineal line --> linea aspera
160
Gracilis
External Ramus/pubis--> medial upper tibia shaft
161
Adductor longus
External pubis-- middle 1/3 linea aspera
162
Adductor brevis
Inferior pubic ramus -- upper 1/3 linea aspera
163
Adductor Magnus
Adductor part- ischiopubic ramus--> entire linea aspera Hamstring part- ischial tuberosity--> adductor tubercle/supracondylar line
164
Obturator externus
Obturator membrane--> trochanteric fossa
165
Nerve supply medial comp thigh
Obturator nerve [pectineus [adductor Magnus
166
Muscles of posterior compartment thigh
Biceps femoris Semitendinosous Semimembranosus Hamstring part of adductor Magnus
167
Nerve supply posterior compartment
Sciatic nerve Biceps- long head= tibial - short head= common fibulae
168
Biceps femoris
Long head= ischial tuberosity Short head= linea aspera --> head of fibula
169
Common origin of hamstrings
``` Ischial tuberosity (Except short head biceps) ```
170
Semitendinosous
Ischial tub--> upper medial tibia
171
Semimembranosus
Ischial tub-- medial tibial epicondyle
172
Adductor hiatus / subsartorial canal/ hunters canal BORDERS
Upper- sartorious Lateral- vastus medialis Medial-adductor longus and Magnus
173
Contents of hunters canal
Nerve to vastus medialis Femoral artery and vein Saphenous nerve
174
Angles of hip
Kid-160 Male-120 Female-100
175
Capsule hip
Anterior-- it line | Posterior-- 1/2 way to intertrochanteric crest
176
MAIN BLOOD SUPPLY HIP
Medial circumflex artery
177
Trochanteric anastomosis
Superior gluteal Inferior gluteal LCX MCX
178
Cruciate anastomosis
Inferior gluteal LCX MCX Ascending branch of first perforator
179
3 ligaments of hip joint
Olio femoral-- AIIS--> it line Pubofemoral- iliopubic eminence Ischiofemoral=WEAKEST- posterior inferior ace tabular margin
180
AB hip
Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus TFL
181
AD hip
Medial comp thigh | Ilapsoas
182
F hip
Anterior comp thigh | TFL
183
Extension thigh
Gluteus Maximus | Hamstrings
184
ER thigh
Gluteus Maximus | Gluteal region
185
IR thigh
Gluteus medius | Gluteus minimus
186
Location of cruciate ligaments
Outside sunovium | Inside capsule
187
Medial collateral ligament
Broad/thick Attaches to medial meniscus
188
Abnormal passive AB
MCL
189
LCL
Thin/cord Doesn't attach to lateral meniscus
190
Abnormal passive AD
LCL
191
Medial meniscus
Wider Medial lip slopes up Attaches to ACL
192
Lateral meniscus
Smaller C Lateral lip slopes down Doesn't attach to LCL LIGHTLY ATTACHES TO POPLITEUS
193
Oblique collateral lig
Upward extension of semimembranosous
194
Bursae of knee
SUPRA PRE INFRA- superficial and deep
195
Housemaids knee
Prepatellar
196
Clergy mans knee
Superficial infrapatellar
197
Internal ligaments of knee
Short internal ligament Arcuate popliteal Medial and lateral patellar retinacular fibres
198
Blood supply knee joint
Genicular branches popliteal (SIM) and femoral (descending branch from profunda)
199
F knee
Hamstrings Gracilis Sartorius ( gastro, plantaris, popliteus)
200
E knee
Quads | Iliotibial tract-- gluteus Maximus and TFL
201
IR knee
Semi tendinosus Semi membranous Gracilis Sartorius
202
ER knee
Biceps
203
Q angle
Deviation from tibia to femur
204
Borders of popliteal fossa
Medial superior: semi tendinosus and semimembranosous Medial inferior: medial head gastro Lateral superior: biceps Lateral inferior: lateral head gastro
205
Superficial to deep contents of popliteal fossa
``` Tibial nerve-- sural Popliteal vein-- short saphenous Popliteal artery Femur Capsule POPLITEUS ```
206
Posterior compartment of leg superficial
Gastro Plantaris Soleus
207
Gastro
Medial head- medial epicondyle | Lateral head- lateral epicondyle
208
Plantaris
Lateral supracondylar line
209
Sole us
Tibia fibula arch
210
Deep muscles of posterior compartment leg
POPLITEUS FHL FDL Tibial is posterior
211
POPLITEUS
Lateral condyle-- tibia Stabilizes knee in extension Unlocks knee
212
FHL
Posterior fibula-- distal phalanx
213
FDL
Posterior tibia-- distal phalanges
214
Tibial is posterior
Iom--> navicular tuberosity and medial cuneiform Inverts and plantarflexes
215
Nerve supply posterior comp leg
Tibial nerve
216
Nerve supply of lateral leg
Superficial fibulae
217
Nerve supply anterior comp leg
Deep fibular nerve
218
Lateral compartment leg muscles and nerve
Fibularis longus Fibular is brevis Superficial fibular nerve
219
Fibularis longus
Fibular head/upper fibula--> medial cuneiform and metatarsal 1 Plantar flexion Eversion Arch support
220
Fibularis brevis
Lower fibula-- metatarsal 5 Eversion foot
221
Anterior compartment leg and nerve
Tibialis anterior Fibularis tertius EHL EDL Deep fibular nerve
222
Tibialis anterior
Lateral tibia/ iom--> medial cuneiform and metatarsal 1 Dorsi flexion Inversion Arch support
223
Fibular is tertius
Distal fibula --> base metatarsal 5
224
EHL
Middle fibula -- distal phalanx big toe Eversion and dorsi flexion
225
EDL
Proximal fibula -- distal and MIDDLE phalanges Extension Dorsi flexion
226
Insert into medial cuneiform and metatarsal 1
Tibialis posterior Fibularis longus Tibialis anterior
227
Inversion foot
TIBIALIS Tibialis posterior Tibial is anterior
228
Reversion foot
FIBULARIS | longus brevis tertius
229
Plantarflexion
Superficial post compartment TIBIALIS posterior FIBULARIS longus
230
Dorsiflexion
TIBIALIS anterior EHL EDL FIBULARIS tertius
231
Medial ankle structures-- flexor retinaculum
``` Tom Dick and very nervous Harry TIBIALIS posterior FDL Posterior tibial artery Posterior tibial vein Tibial nerve FHL ```
232
Anterior ankle structures -- extensor retinaculum
``` Timothy has a very nasty diseased foot TIBIALIS anterior EHL Dorsalis pedis Deep fibular nerve EDL ```
233
Way to remember tarsal bones
The circus needs more interesting little clowns
234
Loss sensation inner thigh
Obturator
235
Loss adduction thigh
Obturator | Pelvic surgery
236
Loss sensation anterior thigh and anterior/posterior medial leg
Femoral nerve | Pelvic surgery
237
Reduced thigh flexion and leg extension
Femoral nerve
238
Foot drop- inverted and plantarflexes
Common peroneal Lateral leg Fibular neck fracture
239
Loss sensation dorsum foot
Common peroneal
240
Common peroneal
Superficial M: lateral leg S: lower lateral leg and dorsum Deep M: anterior leg S: first web space Lateral cutaneous calf
241
Tibial
Sensory: Sural nerve Medial calcaneal branches
242
Can't walk on tip toes
Tibial nerve
243
Loss sensation sole foot
Tibial nerve
244
Superomedial injection but
Superior gluteal
245
Can't go up stairs or rise from seat
Inferior gluteal nerve injury-- glut maximus
246
Inferior gluteal nerve-injury
Posterior hip dislocation
247
Ischial spines- landmark for ...
Pudendal nerve
248
Weak knee extension with reduced patellar reflex
L3-4
249
Weak dorsi flexion and difficulty heel walking
L4-5
250
Weak plantar flexion and difficulty toe walking and reduced Achilles reflex
L5-S1
251
Sural nerve comes from
Tibial nerve
252
Short saphenous vein comes joins
Popliteal vein

MSK (7 decks)

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