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S2 E2 KCU COB Andersen Courses > Anatomy II Lecture 13: Ankle Complex > Flashcards

Anatomy II Lecture 13: Ankle Complex Flashcards

1
Q

What bones are part of the hindfoot?

A

Talus and Calcaneus

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2
Q

What bones are part of the midfoot?

A

Navicular, Cuboid, and Cuneiforms

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3
Q

What bones are part of the forefoot?

A

Metatarsals and phalanges

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4
Q

What joint is a synovial plane joint with a capsule?

A

Superior tibiofibular joint

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5
Q

What is the syndesmosis of the inferior tibiofibular joint?

A

Posterior tibiofibular ligament
Anterior tibiofibular ligament
Crural tibiofibular interosseous ligament

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6
Q

What is known as the ankle joint?

Hint it is the most congruent joint in the body

A

Talotibial (talocrural) joint

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7
Q

What joint is made up of the fibular malleolus, tibial malleolus, and the distal end of the tibia

A

Mortise part of the mortise and tenon joint

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8
Q

What joint is made up of the head of the talus

A

The tenon part of the mortise and tenon joint

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9
Q

What kind of joint is the talotibial joint

A

synovial hinge joint

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10
Q

What is the normal tibial torsion of the talotibial joint?

A

Toe out stance

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11
Q

What is the pathological stances in the talotibial joint?

A

external/internal tibial torsion

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12
Q

What is the shape of the talotibial joint?

A

Bracket shaped socket: A carpenter’s mortise joint

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13
Q

In the talotibial joint, what causes increased toe out?

A

Dorsiflexion

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14
Q

In the talotibial joint, what causes decreased toe out?

A

Plantarflexion

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15
Q

In what plane does plantarflexion and dorsiflexion of the foot happen?

A

Sagittal plane

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16
Q

What are the components of the medial collateral ankle ligaments?

A

Tibionavicular
Tibiocalcaneal
Anterior tibiotalar
Posterior tibiotalar

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17
Q

What are the components of the lateral collateral?

A

Anterior talofibular
Posterior talofibular
Cacaneofibular

18
Q

Which of the collaterals is the weakest of them all?

A

Lateral collateral

19
Q

What are the three surfaces of the talocalcneal (subtalar) joint?

A

Posterior: Concave facet on talus with convex facet of calcaneus
Anterior:
Convex facets on body and neck of talus
Concave facets on calcaneus

20
Q

What nonsynovial structure is found in the talocalcaneal (subtalar) joint?

A

Tarsal Tunnel

Its ligament = talocalcaneal ligament

21
Q

What movements can be made form the talocalcaneal (subtalar) joint?

A

Inversion: Adduction, Supination, plantar flexion
Eversion: Opposite of inversion

22
Q

The interosseous talocalcaneal and posterior and lateral talocalcaneal ligaments are part of what joint?

A

Talocalcaneal (subtler) joint

23
Q

What joints are part of the talocalcaneonavicular joint?

A

Talocalcaneeal joint and the talonavicular joint

24
Q

What movements can be made by the talocalcaneonavicualr joint?

A

Inversion and eversion

25
Q

What are the articulating bones of the calcaneocuboid joint?

A

Calcaneus and cuboid

26
Q

What is the movement of the calcaneocuboid ligament?

A

Triplanar

27
Q

What ligaments are in the calcaneocuboid joint?

A

Plantar calcaneocuboid and long plantar (most important)

28
Q

What composite joint is made of the talonaviular and calcaneocuboid joints?

A

Transverse tarsal joint

29
Q

What is the traditional link between the hindfoot and forefoot?

A

Transverse tarsal joint

30
Q

What joint compensates forefoot for hindfoot eversion?

Hint: compensation is not possible when hindfoot is inverted

A

Transverse tarsal joint

31
Q

What joint keeps distal foot inverted with lateral surface in contact with ground while hindfoot is everted?

A

Transverse tarsal joint

32
Q

What is localized thickenings of anterior crural fascia?

A

Superior/inferior extensor retinacula

33
Q

What binds down tendons of tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorm longus, and peroneus tertius?

A

Superior/inferior extensor retinacula

34
Q

What binds down tendons of flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, and tibias posterior?

A

Flexor retinaculum

Note there are three here: Possible test Q?

35
Q

What covers the flexor retinaculum?

A

Tibial nerve and posterior tibial artery

36
Q

What binds down tendons of peroneus (fibularis) longus and the peroneus (fibularis) brevis?

A

Peroneal (fibular) retinaculum

37
Q

Pathologies of the plantar arches: High arch vs flat arch

A

Pes Cavus vs Pes Planus

38
Q

What is the primary support for the medial longitudinal plantar arch?

A

Plantar clacaneonevaicular (spring) ligament

39
Q

What is the primary support for the lateral longitudinal plantar arch?

A

Long Plantar ligament

40
Q

What are the support ligaments for abductors muscles?

A

Plantar aponeurosis
Plantar calcaneocuboid
Marginal abductors

41
Q

What do the shapes of bone allow?

A

Allows for the shape of the plantar arches

Along with the peroneus longus

S2 E2 KCU COB Andersen Courses (14 decks)

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