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Anatomy of abdomen Flashcards

(45 cards)

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1
Q

What is the abdominopelvic cavity composed of?

A

Abdominal + Pelvic cavity

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2
Q

What covers the organs in the abdominopelvic cavity?

A

Visceral peritoneum

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3
Q

What lines the wall of the abdominopelvic cavity?

A

Parietal peritoneum

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4
Q

What is found between the visceral and parietal peritoneum?

A

Peritoneal fluid

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5
Q

What are the four quadrants of the abdomen?

A
  • Right upper
  • Left upper
  • Right lower
  • Left lower
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6
Q

How many regions are defined in the abdominal cavity?

A

9 Regions

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7
Q

What are the horizontal planes that define the abdominal regions?

A
  • Transpyloric
  • Transtubercular
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8
Q

What are the vertical planes that define the abdominal regions?

A
  • Right midclavicular line
  • Left midclavicular line
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9
Q

What are the 9 abdominal regions?

A

Right: Hypochondriac, Lumbar, Iliac

Left: Hypochondriac, Lumbar, Iliac

Central: Epigastric, Umbilical, Hypogastric

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10
Q

Name the anterior organs in the abdominal cavity.

A
  • Liver
  • Gallbladder
  • Stomach
  • Spleen
  • Omentum
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11
Q

What vessels are part of the posterior wall of the abdomen?

A
  • Abdominal aorta
  • Inferior vena cava (IVC)
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12
Q

Which organs are located in the posterior wall of the abdomen?

A
  • Kidneys
  • Ureters
  • Adrenal glands
  • Pancreas
  • Duodenum
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13
Q

What does the alimentary canal consist of?

A
  • Mouth
  • Pharynx
  • Esophagus
  • Stomach
  • Small intestine
  • Large intestine
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14
Q

What are the accessory organs of the digestive system?

A
  • Teeth
  • Tongue
  • Salivary glands
  • Liver
  • Gallbladder
  • Pancreas
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15
Q

What are the sections of the pharynx?

A
  • Nasopharynx
  • Oropharynx
  • Laryngopharynx
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16
Q

What connects the pharynx to the stomach?

A

Esophagus

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17
Q

What are the two esophageal sphincters?

A
  • Upper esophageal sphincter
  • Lower esophageal sphincter
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18
Q

What shape is the stomach?

A

J-shaped

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19
Q

List the parts of the stomach.

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Cardiac region
  • Fundus
  • Body
  • Pylorus
20
Q

What are the curvatures of the stomach?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Greater curvature (left)
  • Lesser curvature (right)
21
Q

What are the types of cells found in the stomach lining?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Parietal cells
  • Chief cells
  • Mucous cells
  • G cells
22
Q

What is the function of G cells in the stomach?

Study These Flashcards
A

Produce gastrin

23
Q

What is the largest gland in the body?

24
Q

What are the lobes of the liver?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Right lobe
  • Left lobe
  • Quadrate lobe
  • Caudate lobe
25
What is the porta hepatis?
Entry for ducts, vessels, nerves in the liver
26
What supplies blood to the liver?
* Hepatic artery * Portal vein
27
What drains blood from the liver?
Hepatic veins → IVC
28
What is the function of the gallbladder?
Stores and concentrates bile
29
Where is the gallbladder located?
Under the right liver lobe
30
List the parts of the gallbladder.
* Fundus * Body * Neck
31
What is the pathway of bile?
* Right & left hepatic ducts * Common hepatic duct * Cystic duct * Common bile duct
32
What controls the opening of the ampulla of Vater?
Sphincter of Oddi
33
Where is the pancreas located?
Retroperitoneal, behind the stomach
34
What are the parts of the pancreas?
* Head * Body * Tail
35
What are the exocrine functions of the pancreas?
Produces pancreatic juice with enzymes
36
What are the enzymes produced by the pancreas?
* Amylase * Lipase * Trypsin
37
What hormones do the Islets of Langerhans produce?
* Glucagon (alpha cells) * Insulin (beta cells)
38
What is the function of the spleen?
* RBC destruction * Immune defense * Blood cell production (in fetus)
39
What is the length of the duodenum?
~25 cm
40
What is the length of the jejunum?
~2.5 m
41
What is the length of the ileum?
~3.6 m
42
What percentage of digestion and absorption occurs in the small intestine?
90%
43
List the parts of the large intestine.
* Cecum * Ascending colon * Transverse colon * Descending colon * Sigmoid colon * Rectum * Anus
44
What prevents backflow from the large intestine?
Ileocecal valve
45
What is the main job of the large intestine?
Water absorption & stool storage

Anatomy (7 decks)

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