skeletal system Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are the two main divisions of the skeletal system?
Axial skeleton and Appendicular skeleton.
What bones are included in the axial skeleton?
Skull, hyoid bone, auditory ossicles, vertebral column, sternum, and ribs.
What bones make up the cranium?
One frontal, two parietal, two temporal, one occipital, one sphenoid, one ethmoid.
How many vertebrae are there in each spinal region?
7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, sacrum (5 fused), coccyx (4 fused).
What is the function of the sacrum?
Protects pelvic organs and articulates with the pelvic girdle.
How are ribs classified?
True ribs (1–7), false ribs (8–12), floating ribs (11–12).
Name the parts of the sternum.
Manubrium, body, xiphoid process.
What bones form the pectoral girdle?
Clavicle and scapula.
How many bones are in the hand?
8 carpals, 5 metacarpals, 14 phalanges (per hand).
What bones form the pelvic girdle?
Hip (coxal) bones, each made of ilium, ischium, and pubis.
What are the differences in male vs female pelvis?
Female pelvis is wider, shallower, lighter—adapted for childbirth.
What are the bones of the foot?
7 tarsals, 5 metatarsals, 14 phalanges.
What are the names of the four main cranial sutures?
Coronal, sagittal, squamous, and lambdoid.
What is the function of the vertebral column?
upports body, protects spinal cord, allows movement, and bears weight.
What are intervertebral discs made of?
Fibrocartilage
What is the function of the costal groove on a rib?
Protects nerves and blood vessels running along the rib.
What structure does the clavicle articulate with medially?
The manubrium of the sternum.
What structure does the lateral end of the clavicle articulate with?
The acromion of the scapula.
What is the glenoid cavity?
A shallow socket on the scapula that articulates with the humerus.
What is the function of the acetabulum?
A deep socket in the hip bone that holds the head of the femur.
