anatomy of GI tract Flashcards
(14 cards)
GI tract is continous passage. what are the four layers of tissue. what tissues types
1) mucosa (lumen) -what epithelial
2) submucosa
3) muscularisis
4) sercosa (outer layer)
1) lumen lined by epithelial tissue (mucosa) = mucous secreting epithelial tissue to lubricate passage and protect. stratified sqiamous
2) connective tissue layer. contains blood vessels, lymph nodes and nerves
3) made of two layers. one circular and one longitiudual
4) connective tissue that secretes fluid to lubricate outisde of GI tract
structure of oral cavity
-movement of anterioir and where is it attached
-where is posterioir connected
tongue
anterioir is free moveable and attached to the floor via lingual frenulum
posterioir connected with hyoid bone, epiglottis and oropharynx
function of pharynyx and location
-3 regions locations
1) nasopharynx
2) oropharynx
3) larynogopharynx
-epithelial lining
common passageway of food and air between respiratory larynx and digestive oesophagus
1) behind nasal cavity (pseudostratified)
2) behind oral cavity (stratified squamous)
3) behind larynx (stratified squamous)
oesophagus
-lining (mucosa)
-two muscular layers
-function of spinchtors and the spinchtors it contains
-stratified squamous
-outer longtitudinal and inner circular
-circular muscle to traffic speed of food by maintaining constrictions
-upper and lower spinchters (cardiac)
where food enters the stomach (sphincter)
the 3 main regions of stomach
the two spinchters of stomach
-functions of reggae folds in wall
-epithelial lining
-food enters stomach through cardiac spinchtor
-fundas, body, pyloric region
-cardiac and pyloric
-reggae accommodates changing size of stomach
-simple columner (however contains 5 types of epithelial cell types secreting different things into gastric pit.
where does the stomach sit and what is this?
insdie peritoneum
-continous sheet of serous membrane. keeps everything spaced and lubricated and packed into place
what is
1) pariental peritoneum
2) visceral peritoneum
3) peritoneal cavity
meaning of being retroperiotoneal and intraperitneal
1) lines abdominal and pelvic cavities
2) covers most abdominal organs
3) potential space between two peritoneum
retro- beihind peritoneum
intra- inside
small intestine (90% of nutrient absorbtion)
-where does it start
-3 contunious sub divisions and sizes
1) duodenum (smallest) extends from pyloric sphincter. part contains serosa and adventitia
2) jejunum (middle) completly covered in peritoneum
3) lleum (largest). completly covered in peritoneum
what is pilcae circularis.
why is it different to rugae
what are brunner glands in duodenum
mucosa and submucosa forming circular folds. unlike ragae these are pernament.
contain villli.
brunner glands = try to regulate acidity
the four types of simple columner epithelial that covers villi
1) absorbative
2) goblet
3) granular
4) endocrine
where are these cells produced
-where do the cells move or migrate
1) digestive enzymes
2) mucous
3) lzozyme
4) hormones
-these cells produced in intenstial gland
-absorbtive and goblet migrate to cover surface of villi.
-granular and endocrine remain in bottom
do villi contain a blood and lymphatic capillary network (lacteal)?
yes
function of large intestine and where does it start
-epithelial lining
which of 3 cell types is most dominant (absorbative, granular, goblet)
reabsorbs water, absorbs vitamins
-illeocecal sphincter between ileum and large intestine
-mucosa= simple columner epithelium. no villi. mucosal lining is formed into straight tubular glands= crypts
-goblet is most dominant
structure of large interstine
1)cecum
2)colon (asending, tranverse, descending and sigmoid)
3)rectum and anal canal
what is the final spinchtor by the anal canal
internal and external anal sphincter
