Anatomy of Immune Response

Question 1

neutrophils

Answer 1

first to arrive, ingest antigens/pathogens, die rapidly following clearance, highly potent

Question 2

3 types of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes

Answer 2

neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

Question 3

antigen presenting cells

Answer 3

macrophages, dendritic cells, B and T cells

Question 4

APC for exogenous antigens

Answer 4

antigen is ingested and broken into peptides –> peptides bind MHC-II –> MHC-II complex presents to CD4 T cells

Question 5

APC for endogenous antigens

Answer 5

viral mRNA is converted to protein –> broken into viral peptides –> peptides bind to MHC-I –> MHC-I complex presents to CD8 T cells

Question 6

dendritic cells

Answer 6

powerful antigen-presenting cells primarily involved in INITIATING immune responses; function primarily in secondary lymphoid organs

Question 7

macrophages

Answer 7

powerful APC’s; primarily involved in ACTIVATING EXISTING immune responses; function primarily at sites of infection

Question 8

B lymphocyte

Answer 8

B cell + antigen –> antibody secretion

Question 9

helper T lymphocyte

Answer 9

helper T cell + APC –> cytokine secretion for inflammation and activation of macrophages/lymphocytes

Question 10

cytotoxic T cell

Answer 10

cytotoxic T cell + target cell with antigen –> lysis

Question 11

natural killer cells

Answer 11

technically part of innate response because they have no memory; large granular lymphocytes

Question 12

primary lymphoid organs

Answer 12

fetal liver, bone marrow, thymus

Question 13

Where do NK cells mature?

Answer 13

bone marrow

Question 14

Where do myeloid cells mature?

Answer 14

bone marrow

Question 15

Where do T cells mature?

Answer 15

thymus

Question 16

Where do B cells mature?

Answer 16

bone marrow

Question 17

Where are precursor cells generated?

Answer 17

fetal liver during development and bone marrow postnatally

Question 18

B lymphocytes travel via the blood to _

Answer 18

lymph nodes and spleen

Question 19

T lymphocytes travel via the blood and lymph to_

Answer 19

mucosal and cutaneous lymphoid tissues

Question 20

peripheral lymph nodes

Answer 20

drain peripheral tissues for migration of antigen or APCs

Question 21

spleen

Answer 21

acts as a filter of antigen from the blood

Question 22

lymphocyte migration

Answer 22

travel into lymph node via afferent vesicle and leave via efferent vesicle

Question 23

initiation of immune response

Answer 23

immature DC’s reside in peripheral tissues –> migrate to regional lymph nodes –> mature DC’s activate naive T cells in lymph nodes

Question 24

naive T lymphocytes only travel between _

Answer 24

heart and lymph node