Anatomy Of Male Reproduction System

Question 1

What is the primary function of the male reproductive system?

Answer 1

Responsible for the production and delivery of sperm, as well as the synthesis of male sex hormones.

Question 2

What anatomical structure is responsible for sperm production?

Answer 2

Testes

Question 3

What are seminiferous tubules?

Answer 3

Structures within the testes where spermatogenesis occurs.

Question 4

What type of cells produce testosterone in the testes?

Answer 4

Leydig cells

Question 5

Where do newly produced sperm mature and are stored?

Answer 5

Epididymis

Question 6

What is the function of the vas deferens?

Answer 6

Transports mature sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct during ejaculation.

Question 7

What do seminal vesicles secrete?

Answer 7

Seminal fluid that provides nourishment and motility to sperm.

Question 8

What is the role of the prostate gland?

Answer 8

Produces a milky fluid that enhances sperm motility and viability.

Question 9

What type of fluid do bulbourethral glands secrete?

Answer 9

A clear, viscous fluid that lubricates the urethra and neutralizes acidity.

Question 10

What is the primary function of the penis in the male reproductive system?

Answer 10

Facilitates penetration and ejaculation.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The testes contain _______ where spermatogenesis occurs.

Answer 11

seminiferous tubules

Question 12

True or False: The bulbourethral glands are responsible for producing testosterone.

Answer 12

False

Question 13

Seminiferous Tubules

Answer 13

Coiled tubes within the testes where spermatogenesis (sperm production) occurs. Contain Sertoli cells and germ cells.

Question 14

Sertoli Cells (Sustentacular Cells)

Answer 14

Functions:

Support and nourish developing sperm cells.
Form the blood-testis barrier.
Secrete androgen-binding protein (ABP).
Secrete inhibin.
Phagocytize damaged germ cells.

Question 15

Leydig Cells (Interstitial Cells)

Answer 15

Located in the interstitial space between seminiferous tubules, they produce and secrete testosterone in response to LH.

Question 16

Spermatogenesis

Answer 16

The process of sperm production in the seminiferous tubules, involving mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis.

Question 17

Spermiogenesis

Answer 17

The final stage of spermatogenesis where spermatids differentiate into mature spermatozoa (sperm). This involves the formation of the head, midpiece, and tail.

Question 18

Spermatozoa (Sperm)

Answer 18

Structure:

Head: Contains the nucleus with genetic material and the acrosome.
Acrosome: Cap-like structure containing enzymes that aid in fertilization.
Midpiece: Contains mitochondria that provide energy for movement.
Tail (Flagellum): Propels the sperm.

Question 19

Epididymis

Answer 19

A coiled tube located on the posterior surface of the testis where sperm mature and are stored

Question 20

Vas Deferens (Ductus Deferens)

Answer 20

A muscular tube that carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct.

Question 21

Ejaculatory Duct

Answer 21

Formed by the union of the vas deferens and the duct of the seminal vesicle. It passes through the prostate gland and empties into the urethra.

Question 22

Urethra (Male)

Answer 22

A tube that carries both urine from the bladder and semen from the ejaculatory ducts out of the body.

Question 23

Seminal Vesicles

Answer 23

Contribute about 60% of semen volume. Their secretions are alkaline and contain fructose (energy), prostaglandins (smooth muscle contraction), and clotting factors.

Question 24

Prostate Gland

Answer 24

Secretes a slightly acidic fluid containing citrate (nutrient), enzymes (e.g., prostate-specific antigen - PSA), and antimicrobial factors. Contributes about 25% of semen volume.

Question 25

Bulbourethral Glands (Cowper's Glands)

Answer 25

Secrete a clear, alkaline mucus that lubricates the urethra and neutralizes any acidic urine before ejaculation.

Question 26

Semen

Answer 26

A mixture of sperm and secretions from the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands. It provides a medium for sperm transport, nutrients, and protection.

Question 27

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)

Answer 27

Source: Hypothalamus. Target: Anterior pituitary gland. Action: Stimulates the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).

Question 28

Luteinizing Hormone (LH) (in males)

Answer 28

Source: Anterior pituitary gland. Target: Leydig cells in the testes. Action: Stimulates Leydig cells to produce and secrete testosterone.

Question 29

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) (in males)

Answer 29

Source: Anterior pituitary gland. Target: Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules. Action: Stimulates Sertoli cells to support spermatogenesis and secrete androgen-binding protein (ABP).

Question 30

Testosterone

Answer 30

Source: Leydig cells in the testes. Functions: Stimulates spermatogenesis. Promotes development of male secondary sexual characteristics. Maintains libido. Has anabolic effects. Provides negative feedback to the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary.

Question 31

Androgen-Binding Protein (ABP)

Answer 31

Source: Sertoli cells. Function: Binds to testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, concentrating them in the seminiferous tubules to stimulate spermatogenesis.

Question 32

Inhibin (in males)

Answer 32

Source: Sertoli cells. Function: Inhibits the secretion of FSH from the anterior pituitary, providing negative feedback regulation of spermatogenesis.

Question 33

Blood-Testis Barrier

Answer 33

Formation: Tight junctions between Sertoli cells. Function: Protects developing sperm cells from the immune system.

Question 34

Erection

Answer 34

Physiological Mechanism: Parasympathetic stimulation leads to vasodilation of arterioles in the erectile tissues (corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum) of the penis, causing blood engorgement.

Question 35

Ejaculation

Answer 35

Physiological Mechanism: Sympathetic nervous system reflex that causes contraction of smooth muscles in the vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and prostate gland, propelling semen into the urethra, followed by contraction of the urethral sphincter and pelvic floor muscles to expel semen from the body.

Question 36

Capacitation

Answer 36

The functional maturation of sperm that occurs in the female reproductive tract, enabling them to fertilize an egg.

Question 37

Acrosome Reaction

Answer 37

The release of enzymes from the acrosome of the sperm head, which is necessary for penetration of the egg's outer layers (zona pellucida).