Anatomy of the hand

Question 1

BONES OF THE wrist
(8)
So Long to pinky, here comes the Taehyung

Answer 1

from thumb around in clockwise direction: when ur right hand is facing upwards

So Long to prince, here comes the Taehyung

BOTTOM (proximal)
Scaphoid
Lunate 
Triquetrium 
Pisiform

TOP (distal) 
Hamate 
Capitate
Trapezoid ( D comes before m)
Trapezium

Question 2

what connective sheath connects carpal tunnel ?

which tendon runs in the middle on top of it ?

Answer 2

flexor retinaculum

-tendon of palmaris longus

Question 3

deep to flexor retinaculum (carpal tunnel )
(4)
fd x2
fp

Answer 3

1- median nerve
2-tendon of Flexor digitorum superficially x4
3-tendon of Flexor digitorium Profundus x4
4-Tendon of flexor pollicius
longus

Question 4

what is the wrist joint
(3)
-whats involved
-what is its class

Answer 4

• radiocarpal joint
  -distal end of the radius, scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum
  -joint = condyloid joint
  ULNA = NOT INVOLVED = articular disc between ulnar and other joints.

Question 5

Outline midcarpal joint (2)

Answer 5

• between 2 rows of carpal bones

- Plane joint

Question 6

Outline the carpometacarpal joint

Carpometacarpal joint of thumb?

Answer 6

• between the distal row of carpal bone + proximal end of metacarpal bones
• 2-5 joints
• gliding joint

Thumb= saddle joint

Question 7

bones of the hand?

3

Answer 7

1- carpal bones (so long to pinky here comes taehyung )
2-Metacarpals
3-phalanges

Question 8

metacarpophalangeal joint class

Answer 8

condyloid joint( bi axial movement forwards backwards side to side)

Question 9

Interphalangeal joint?

Answer 9

hinge joint

Question 10

what are the movements of the wrist and which part of the arms are involved?
(4)

Answer 10

1-flexion -anterior compartmetn of forearm
2-Extension -posterior compartment of forearm
3-Ulnar= medial deviation and adduction
4-Radial = lateral deviation and abduction

Question 11

what are the two groups of teh intrinsic muscles of the hand

Answer 11

1) thenar muscles = base of thumb

2) Hypothenar eminence =base of little finger

Question 12

three thenar muscles ?
(3)
AbFlOp

Answer 12

1-Abductor pollicis brevis (away from midline of hand)
2-Flexor pollicis brevis (flexes thumb )
3-Opponens policies (opposition of thub)

Question 13

three hypothenar eminece ?
(3)
same ABFLOP

Answer 13

1- Abductor digiti minimi (away from midline )
2-Flexor digiti minimi brevis (flexes little finger )
3-Opponents digiti minimi (opposition of little finger)

Question 14

what are the lumbricals ?
(4)
which muscle do they originate from ?
movement 
innervation

Answer 14

x4 Originates from flexor Digitorum Profundus
1- passes the metacarpophalangeal joint – insert into the exterior expansion hood
-flexion of metacarpophalangeal joint
-extension of the interphalangeal joint
lateral 2= median (1,2)
medial 2 = ulnar nerve (3,4)

causes ( ross like ) L shape .

Question 15

what is the dorsal interossei?
DAb
(3)
nerve?

Answer 15

• muscles in between the metacarpals
• ulnar nerve
• causes ABDUCTION

Question 16

Innervation of the anterior forearm
Innervation of hand 
Innervation of the posterior forearm
(3)
Half Loaf

Answer 16

1-anterior forearm = median nerve EXCEPT FDP + FCU
2-Hand= ULNAR never except : lateral 2 lumbericals , opponents pollicis + thenar imminence (abductor pollicis brevis , flexor pollicis brevis)

Half LOAF 
half lumbericals = lateral two 
Opponens pollicis 
Abductor pollicis 
Flexor pollicis brevis 

3- posterior compartment = radial nerve

Question 17

palamar interossei

pAD

Answer 17

-Palmar surfaces 2nd,4th and 5th fingers
X3 FOR P
-ADDUCTION , originate from metacarpals

Question 18

extrinsic muscle (1)

Answer 18

found in forearm, not in hand

Question 19

how would you remember what the palmar and dorsal interssei do ?(2)

Answer 19

PAd- palmar = aDduction

DAb- dorsal = aBduction

Question 20

adductor pollicis?

describe
innervation

Answer 20

triangular hood muscles over the thumb, index and middle finger

Attaches from thumb
INNERVATION =ULNAR NERVE

posterior hand

Question 21

which joint is only acted on by flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 21

goes all the way to the end of the phalanges

distal interphalangeal joint

Question 22

power grip
CSH
(3)

precision grip
PPPL
(4)

just know the difference

Answer 22

strength + force power grips:
Cylindrical
Spherical
Hook

precision grip:
Pinch
Pincer
Prehension 
Lumbrical

Question 23

power grips?
which 2 groups of muscles 
(name muscles : 6 muscles 
for group 1 
group 2-6)

group 1 :
FCX2
P1 FP1
FDX2

group 2:
AFO X2
+ 2 other groups

Answer 23

strong (cylindrical, spherical, hook)
long flexors muscles of the hand ( anterior forearm :
1-flexor carpi radialis, ulnaris
2-palmaris longus
3-flexor digitorum profundus and superficialis
4-flexor pollicis longus

short INTRINSIC muscles of the hand :
AFO for thenar and hypothenar eminence
lumbricals
dorsal and palmar interossei

Question 24

radiocarpal joint muscles

3

Answer 24

muscles of the forearm :
Flexion= flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi radialis,

flexor digitorum superficialis.

Question 25

metacarpophalangeal joint muscle (3) knuckles

Answer 25

In the MP joint, there are seven muscles between the bones and four other muscles that act as flexors. - intrinsic muscles - extensor digitorum acts as the extensor.

Question 26

PIP joint muscles proximal interphalangeal flexors ?(2)

Answer 26

- flexor digitorum superficialis | - flexor digitorum profundus.

Question 27

DIP joint muscles, distal interphalangeal | 2

Answer 27

- FLEXOR: flexor digitorum profundus. | - The extensors of both the PIP and DIP joints = muscles between the bones and internal muscles of the hand.

Question 28

precision grips muscles | 4

Answer 28

INTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE HAND : | These are the thenar, hypothenar, interossei and the lumbrical muscle

Question 29

``` what is the anatomical snuffbox ? point to it on ur hand - base of triangle (1) -medial border (1) -lateral boundaries (2) -floor (2) -roof(1) ``` what does it contain (2)

Answer 29

1- triangular space in your hand base = styloid process of radius medial border=extensor pollicis longus lateral boundaries : 1-extensor pollicis brevis 2-Abductor pollicis longus floor: carpal bones = scaphoid + trapezium roof = skin contains : 1-radial artery 2-radial nerve

Question 30

palmar aspect innervation of hand anterior (3)

Answer 30

``` 1-thumb half =radial 2-thumb half+2,3,4( half) =median 3-4.5+5 = ulnar from lateral to medial : radial , median ,rulnar ```

Question 31

Dorsal aspect of the hand innervation | 3

Answer 31

1- thumb+2,3,4(half)= radial nerve 2- finger tips of thumb ,1,2,3,4(half) = median nerve 3-4.5,5 = ulnar nerve

Question 32

what nerve supplies the LOAF muscles of the hand , and what are they ? (4)

Answer 32

- Median nerve LOAF muscles Lateral two lumbricals Opponens pollis Abductor pollis brevis Flexor pollis brevis