Anatomy Quiz 3

Question 1

Functions of the Integumentary System

Answer 1

1. Maintains body temp-sweating and differential blood flow
   2.Protection-physical trauma, bacterial and microorganism infections, dehydration, UV radiation
2. Largest sense organ-temp, touch, pressure, pain
3. Excretion-sweat glands
4. Synthesis of Vitamin D
5. Immunity
6. Functions of skin derivatives (more later with specific derivatives)

Question 2

Epidermis

Answer 2

stratified, cornfield squamous epithelium, possesses no nerves or blood vessels

Question 3

Layers of the epidermis, deep to superficial

Answer 3

Stratum germinativum (stratum basale)
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum(only associated with thick skin)
Stratum corneum

Question 4

Desquamation

Answer 4

basale to surface= 2-3 weeks
Cells become filled with keratin as they move to the surface

Question 5

Dermis

Answer 5

Connective tissues, blood vessels, nerves, and smooth muscle

Question 6

Papillary layer

Answer 6

physical and physiological support or stratum basale blood vessels and nerves

Question 7

Ridges

Answer 7

friction ridges and fingerprints
Pressure ulcers (decubitus ulcers)

Question 8

Reticular layer-strength of skin

Answer 8

Dense connective tissues that resist stretching
Leather is tanned reticular layer
Striae result from rapid stretching and tearing of reticular layer

Question 9

Skin coloration

Answer 9

Melanocytes
Carotenes
Blood flow
Abnormal coloration
Jaundice
Cyanosis
Erythema

Question 10

Skin healing

Answer 10

Migration of cells of stratum basale through granulation tissue
Sutures decrees distance of travel
Sutures reduce scar tissue formation

Question 11

Epidermal Derivatives

Answer 11

Hair-insulation and protection
Humans-devrative hair

Question 12

Structure of hair

Answer 12

Follicle
Hair shaft-stratum corneum, but more compact that skin
Root-stratum basale
Sebaceous glands
Arrector pili-smooth muscle
Sporine sudoriferous- axilla, pubic and areolar areas

Question 13

Nail structure

Answer 13

protection and manual dexterity
Eponychium-cuticle
Hyponychium-quick
Nail bed- stratum basale
Lunula- uncleared cells early in growth process
Nail-Stratum corneum, but more compact than hair

Question 14

Sebaceous or oil glands

Answer 14

Secrete sebum
-usually associated with hair follicles
-Can also open directly onto skin (e.g. nose, cheeks, back)
-Waterproofing and lubrication
-Acne and boils are infected sebaceous glands

Question 15

Sudoriferous glands

Answer 15

Eccrine-temperature regulation
Apocrine-scent (pheromones?)

Question 16

Mammary glands

Answer 16

modified procaine sweat glands

Question 17

Ceruminous glands

Answer 17

external ear canal