anatomy quiz #5

Question 1

epithelial membrane

Answer 1

includes the cutaneous membrane, the mucous membrane and the serous membrane

Question 2

cutaneous membrane

Answer 2

is composed of two layers the superficial epidermis and the underlying dermis the epidermis is composed of stratified squamous epithelium where as the dermis is mostly dense fibrous connective tissue

Question 2

mucous membrane

Answer 2

is composed of epithelium resting on a loose connective tissue membrane this membrane type lines all body cavities that open to the exterior such as those of the hollow organs of the respiratory, digestive urinary and reproductive tracts

Question 3

peritoneum

Answer 3

in the thorax serous membranes isolates the lungs and heart from one another

Question 3

serous fluid

Answer 3

which is secreted by both membranes the lubricating serous fluid allows the organs to slide easily across the cavity walls and one another without friction

Question 4

pleurae

Answer 4

the membranes surrounding the lungs

Question 5

pericardia

Answer 5

the membranes surrounding the heart

Question 6

synovial membranes

Answer 6

are composed of loose alveolar connective tissue and contain no epithelial cells at all the membranes line the fibrous capsules

Question 7

epidermis

Answer 7

made up of stratified squamos epithelium that is capable of becoming hard and tough

Question 7

integumentary system

Answer 7

it insulates and cushions the deeper body organs and protects the entire body from mechanical damage, chemical damage, thermal damage radiation and microbes

Question 8

dermis

Answer 8

is made up of dense connective tissue

Question 9

hypodermis

Answer 9

essentially made of adipose tissue anchors to the skin to underlying organs and provides a site for nutrient storage

Question 10

keratin

Answer 10

the fibrous protein that makes the epidermis a tough protective layer in a process called keratinization

Question 10

stratum spinosum

Answer 10

cells that contain thick bundles of intermediate filaments made of pre keratin

Question 10

stratum granulosum

Answer 10

cells are flattened organelles deteriorating- cytoplasm full of granules

Question 10

stratum lucidum

Answer 10

not present In all skin regions it occurs only where the skin is hairless and extra thick that is on the palms and soles of feet

Question 10

stratum corneum

Answer 10

cells are dead flat membrane sacs filled with keratin glycolipids in extracellular space makes skin water resistant

Question 11

stratum basale

Answer 11

stem cells are actively dividing some newly formed cells become part of the more superficial layers

Question 12

melanin

Answer 12

a pigment that ranges in a color from yellow to brown to black is produced by spider shaped cells called melanocytes

Question 13

epidermal dendritic cells

Answer 13

important sentries that alert and activate immune system cells to a threat such as an bacterial or viral invasion

Question 14

papillary layer

Answer 14

is the superficial dermal region it is uneven and has peglike projections from its superior surface

Question 15

dermal papillae

Answer 15

which indent the epidermis above many of the dermal papillae contain capillary loops which furnish nutrients to the epidermis others house pain receptors and touch receptors

Question 16

reticular layer

Answer 16

deepest skin layer it contains dense irregular connective tissue as well as blood vessels sweat and oil glands and deep pressure receptors called lamellar corpcules

Question 17

merkel cells

Answer 17

at the epidermal juntion are merkel cells which are associated with sensory nerve endings and serve as touch receptors called Merkel discs

Question 18

decubitus ulcers

Answer 18

occur in bedwritten patients who are not turned regularly or who are dragged or pulled across the bed repeatedly

Question 19

cyanosis

Answer 19

common during heart failure and severe breathing disorders

Question 20

sebaceous gands

Answer 20

are found all over the skin except on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet their ducts usually empty on to a hair follicle

Question 21

sebum

Answer 21

is a mixture of oily substances and fragmented cells sebum is a lubricant that keeps the skin soft and moist and prevents the hair from becoming brittle

Question 22

seborrhea

Answer 22

known as cradle cap in in infants Is caused by overactivity of the sebaceous glands

Question 23

sudoriferous glands

Answer 23

widely distributed in the skin their numbers is staggering more than 2.5 million per person there are 2 types of sweat glands eccrine and apocrine