Ancient China

Question 1

Two rivers

Answer 1

Huang He, Yangtze

Question 2

Loess

Answer 2

Yellow, fertile silt

Question 3

Geographic features

Answer 3

Pacific ocean (E), Gobi Desert (N), Himalayan Mountains (SW)

Question 4

What social class was in China

Answer 4

Chinese feudal system

Question 5

Religion in ancient China

Answer 5

Ancestral beliefs, oracle bones

Question 6

How did the Zhou justify the overthrowing of the Shang

Answer 6

Mandate of Heaven

Question 7

Who founded the Mauryan

Answer 7

Chandragupta maurya

Question 8

Arthasastra

Answer 8

Mauryan empire, advise a ruler hoe to rule, written by chandragupta maurya

Question 9

Who was asoka

Answer 9

Grandson of chandragupta maurya

Question 10

Manusmriti

Answer 10

Famous early legal codes

Question 11

What did the ancient Chinese call themselves?

Answer 11

Middle Kingdom

Question 12

What was the dynastic cycle?

Answer 12

A dynasty brings stability to the people as long as the royalty stays moral. Once the royalty becomes corrupt, the mandate of heaven is revoked, leading to chaos in the lands. The people are now obliged to rebel and overthrow the dynasty to bring a new, moral dynasty.

Question 13

What is feudalism in ancient China?

Answer 13

The emperor granted land to noble families in exchange for their loyalty to military service. These nobles were considered lords of the land and commoners made up the vast majority of the population.

Question 14

Who was Confucius. What did his philosophy stand for?

Answer 14

A Chinese philosopher who founded Confucianism. Respect the 5 crucial relationships, women are inferior and passive, moral education and inspiration.

Question 15

Who founded legalism?

Answer 15

Not Laozi

Question 16

When/What was the warring states period?

Answer 16

When: Fall of Zhou Dynasty - Founding of the Qin Dynasty
What: The Zhou dynasty’s central authority weakened, and China fragmented into several enemy states. Lots of conflict/chaos.

Question 17

Who founded the Qin Dynasty?

Answer 17

Shi Huangdi

Question 18

Which dynasties built the Great Wall

Answer 18

The Qin Dynasty built the earliest version, and the Ming Dynasty built and fortified it into the wall we know today.

Question 19

Who built the terracotta army and why?

Answer 19

Built under Qin Shi Huangdi to protect him in the next world.

Question 20

Who founded the Han dynasty, the ______ dynasty in Chinese history.

Answer 20

Liu Bang, longest

Question 21

Who was Wudi? 5 achievements

Answer 21

Great Grandson of Liu bang
1. Defeated the Xiongnu nomadic mountain tribes
2. Colonizes places like Korea and Vietnam
3. Ordered a wall to be built, an extension of the Great Wall
4. Strongly promoted Confucianism
5. Established the silk road

Question 22

Instances of assimilation in ancient China

Answer 22

Buddhism, acquirng non-chinese places like vietnam, gradual assimilation of the xiongnu

Question 23

Order of the Chinese dynasties

Answer 23

1. Shang
2. Zhou
3. Qin
4. Han
5. Sui
6. Tang
7. Song
8. Yuan
9. Ming
10. Qing

Question 24

Approxmiate time of confucius

Answer 24

500 BCE (zhou dynasty)

Question 25

Describe the chinese writing system

Answer 25

Started as pictographs, evolved into more abstract ideographs, symbols that represent words or morphemes (known as iogograms)

Question 26

5 Key relationships in confucianism

Answer 26

Ruler-subject father-son husband-wife older brother-younger brother friend-friend

Question 27

Daoism believed in what?

Answer 27

Following the natural way (the Dao) and embracing simplicity

Question 28

4 Ways Shi Huangdi made a unified empire?

Answer 28

1. centralized power 2. standardized currency 3. building infrastructure (ie. huge roads, Great Wall, canals) 4. Oppressing opposition (string legalist philosophy), killed local uprisings

Question 29

Why did the Han dynasty decline? 4 main reasons

Answer 29

Emperor's after Wudy were weak and ineffective, many government officials became corrupt. There were issues with land distribution/taxation of wealthy landowners was nonexistent

Question 30

4 Technological advances of China

Answer 30

1. Paper 2. Compass 3. Gunpowder 4. Waterwheel

Question 31

What was the silk road?

Answer 31

Network of trade routes that connected China to Cenral Asia, India, The Middle East, and the Mediterranean

Question 32

What things were traded along the Silk Road? How was trade conducted along the Silk Road?

Answer 32

Silk, spices, tea, porcelain, paper, ideas/Buddhism, and precious metals would travel in caravans across deserts and mountains

Question 33

Duration of the Shang Dynasty

Answer 33

1500 BCE - 1027 BCE

Question 34

Duration of the Han Dynasty

Answer 34

202 - 220 CE