Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharm Test 4 > Anemia > Flashcards

Anemia Flashcards

(58 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is always the first consideration for acute anemia?

A

Blood loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do test for blood loss associated anemia.

A

Physical exam, stool test,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What population is more at risk for anemia?

A

Hispanic and African women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why is gradual blood loss anemia harder to detect?

A

The body has compensatory mechanisms so few symptoms develop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the three causes of anemia?

A

Blood loss
Increased RBC destruction
Decreased RBD production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What drugs can cause anemia?

A

Chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, arsenic, benzene, radiation, chemo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is macrocytic classified?

A

MCV > 100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What can cause macrocytic anemia

A

Folate it B12 deficiency, leukemia, alcohol abuse, liver disease, hypothyroidism and reticulocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is microcytic anemia classified

A

MCV < 80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What an cause microcytic anemia

A

Iron deficiency, anemia of inflammation, copper deficiency, lead poisoning, sideroblastic anemia, thalassemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is normocytic anemia classified

A

MCV between 80-100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What causes normocytic anemia?

A

Systemic disease, chronic renal and chronic disease, cancer associated anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is megablastic anemia and what causes it?

A

A deficient in hgb and erythrocytes where RBCs are abnormally large
From folate or B12 deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is microcytic anemia

A

A deficiency in hgb which causes rbcs to be small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is pernicious anemia

A

A form of megablastic anemia from a lack of intrinsic factor that absorbs Vit B 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is mean lower normal hgb for men and women

A

Men 13
Women 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the signs of increased cardiac output with anemia

A

Palpitation, tachycardia, flow murmurs, SOB, fatigue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the dose of ferrous sulfate

A

325 mg TID one hour prior to meals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How does iron replacement therapy reflect in patient labs?

A

Increase of hgb at least 2 g after 3 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How long should patients stay on oral iron replacement therapy?

A

6 months even if anemia is reversed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the side effects of ferrous sulfate

A

GI upset, black stools, staining of teeth, toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What can happen with iron overdose?

A

Acute iron poisoning can lead to death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What drugs can reduce iron absorption?

A

Antacids, milk, calcium supplements, caffeine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What increases the absorption of iron?

Study These Flashcards
A

Ascorbic acid Vit C

25
How should you dose medications around iron that have interactions?
Keep the dosing at least two hours apart
26
What are contraindications to taking iron?
Hemochromatosis, hemosiderosis, hemolytic anemia, peptic ulcer disease, ulcerative colitis, regional enteritis
27
Why does iron replacement not work in hemolytic anemia?
Iron released from RBCs is reused and iron stores are not reduced
28
When is iron dextran indicated?
Patients that can’t tolerate oral iron or it is not effective
29
What do you give for hemophilia to replace iron levels?
IV iron dextran
30
What are the AEs of iron dextran
Allergic reactions, cardiac arrest, headache, fever, urticaria, arthralgia, elevated LFTs
31
What is the safest route of dextran?
IV
32
What is the test dose of iron dextran?
25mg over 5 min
33
What are the dietary sources of Vitamin B 12
Liver and dairy products, fortified foods
34
What is the IM B12 dose?
1mg Q 8 weeks
35
What can the vit b 12 supplements cause?
Hypokalemia
36
What is vitamin B9?
Folic acid
37
What is folic acid important for?
DNA replication, cell division
38
Where is folic acid absorbed?
The early segment of the small intestine
39
What can a folate deficiency result in?
A buildup of homocysteine which can lead to heart disease and chronic illness
40
Why must pregnant women take folate supplements?
Deficiency can lead to neural tube defects like anencephaly or spinal bifida
41
What foods are rich in folic acid?
Green leafy veggies, citrus fruits, and animal products
42
How must folic acid should we ingest a day?
50-100mcg
43
What can cause folate deficiency
Dietary insufficiency, alcoholism, pregnancy, lactation, drug exposure
44
How do patients with folate deficiency present?
Hyperpigmentation of skin, swollen beefy red tongue, nausea, abdominal pain after eating, weight loss, low grade fever
45
What are the three major cell groups of the blood?
Erythrocytes, megakaryocytes, and leukocytes
46
What are the three different types of hematopoietic growth factors?
Erythropoiesis stimulating factors (RBC) Myeloid growth factors (WBC) Thrombopoiesis stimulating agents (platelets)
47
What are the two growth factors for erythropoietin (RBCs)
Epoetin Alfa and darbepoetin Alfa
48
What disease are epoetin alfa growth factors indicated in?
Anemia of chronic renal failure, HIV infected patients taking zidovudine, chemo, and anemia in surgery patients
49
What are the adverse effects of epoetin Alfa?
HTN, autoimmune pure red cell aplasia , cardio events
50
What are the growth factors for myeloid ? (WBCS)
Filgrastim and pegfilgrastim
51
What is filgrastim used in?
Cancer and severe chronic neutropenia
52
What are the adverse effects of filgrastim?
Bone pain, leukocytsosis, erythroderma, edema
53
What is likely to be needed in a 5 year old boy with chronic renal insufficiency?
Erythropoietin, bc the kidneys produce it.
54
What is romiplostim used in?
Thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
55
What are the adverse effects of romiplostim
Headache, arthralgia, and hypersensitivity
56
What is oprelvelkin
A interleukin -11 thrombopeotic growth factor that stimulate platelet production
57
What are the uses of oprelvekin
Myelosupprsive chemo to decrease platelet transfusion needs
58
What are the adverse effects of oprelvekin
Fluid retention, cardiac dysrhythmias, epapilledema of the eyes, sudden death

Pharm Test 4 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions