Anemia (Macrocytic)

Question 1

Examples of Megaloblastic Anemia

Answer 1

Vit B12 deficiency
Folic Acid Deficiency

Question 2

Non-Megaloblastic Anemia:
Examples

Answer 2

Liver disease
Chronic alcoholism
Bone Marrow Failure
Reticulocytosis
Normal macrocytosis of newborns

Question 3

Megaloblastic anemia:
DNA metabolism

Answer 3

defective

Question 4

Non-Megaloblastic anemia:
DNA metabolism

Answer 4

Normal

Question 5

Megaloblastic Anemia:
MCV:

Answer 5

↑ 100-150fl

Question 6

Megaloblastic anemia:
Pancytopenia

Answer 6

+

Question 7

Non-Megaloblastic anemia:
Pancytopenia

Answer 7

-

Question 8

Megaloblastic anemia:
Macro-ovalocytes

Answer 8

+

Question 9

Non-Megaloblastic anemia:
Macro-ovalocytes

Answer 9

-

Question 10

Megaloblastic anemia:
Hyper-segmented neutrophils

Answer 10

+

Question 11

Non-Megaloblastic anemia:
Hyper-segmented neutrophils

Answer 11

-

Question 12

Vit B12 Deficiency:
Serum Vit B12

Answer 12

↓

Question 13

Folic Acid Deficiency:
Serum Vit B12

Answer 13

N

Question 14

Vit B12 Deficiency:
Serum Folate

Answer 14

Normal

Question 15

Folic Acid Deficiency:
Serum Folate

Answer 15

↓

Question 16

Vit B12 Deficiency:
Serum Methylmalonic
acid

Answer 16

↑

Question 17

Folic Acid Deficiency:
Serum Methylmalonic
acid

Answer 17

Normal

Question 18

Vit B12 Deficiency:
Serum Homocysteine

Answer 18

↑

Question 19

Folic Acid Deficiency:
Serum Homocysteine

Answer 19

↑

Question 20

Vit B12 Deficiency:
Schilling’s Test

Answer 20

+

Question 21

Folic Acid Deficiency:
Schilling’s Test

Answer 21

-

Question 22

Vit B12 Deficiency:
Autoantibody to
parietal cells / IF

Answer 22

+

Question 23

Folic Acid Deficiency:
Autoantibody to
parietal cells / IF

Answer 23

-

Question 24

Vit B12 Deficiency:
Gastric analysis:

Answer 24

Achlorhydia

Question 25

Folic Acid Deficiency: Gastric analysis:

Answer 25

Euchlorhydia

Question 26

radioactive test for assessment of measurement of vit B12

Answer 26

Schilling's test

Question 27

absence of gastric acidity

Answer 27

Achlorhydia

Question 28

Root cause of Megaloblastic anemia is Impaired DNA metabolism which leads to cells division ______, _____ of progenitors in the bone marrow, ______ development

Answer 28

Failure Apoptosis Asynchronous

Question 29

Folate (pteroylglutamic acid) deficiency caused by: * ____ intake * _____ need, (such as in pregnancy) * Impaired ____ * _____ protein deficiency * drugs that impair _____ * Excessive ____ of folate

Answer 29

Inadequate Increased Absorption Folate transporter folate metabolism Loss

Question 30

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) deficiency caused by: Competition for Vit. B12, (w/ _____)

Answer 30

Diphyllobothrium latum

Question 31

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) deficiency caused by: Defective production of intrinsic factor due to _______ infection

Answer 31

Helicobacter pylori

Question 32

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) deficiency caused by: ______ anemia - Associated to ______ and _______

Answer 32

Pernicious anti-parietal cell anti-Intrinsic factor autoantibody

Question 33

Pernicious anemia symptoms:

Answer 33

Skin pallor Jaundice Peripheral neuropathy Emotional instability Atrophic gastritis

Question 34

MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA Laboratory Findings: MCV

Answer 34

Macrocytosis

Question 35

MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA Laboratory Findings: Blood smear

Answer 35

Macroovalocytes hypersegmented neutrophils Howell-Jolly (DNA Remnants) Cabot rings (mitotic spindle remnants)

Question 36

MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA Laboratory Findings: CBC

Answer 36

Pancytopenia Reticulocytopenia

Question 37

MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA Laboratory Findings: Chemistry

Answer 37

↑ Serum B1 and LDH

Question 38

MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA Laboratory Findings: Schilling Test

Answer 38

can detect absence of IF, but uses radioactive cobalamin

Question 39

MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA Laboratory Findings: Bone Marrow Exam

Answer 39

Nuclear-cytoplasm asynchrony in cells Large Progenitors (RBC and WBC) Hypercellular Bone Marrow with increased apoptosis

Question 40

Reference Confirmatory test of megaloblastic anemia

Answer 40

Bone Marrow Exam