Animal Coordination, Control And Homeostasis

Question 1

What is the metabolic rate

Answer 1

Speed at which chemcial reactions in the body occur

Question 2

What do adrenal glands do

Answer 2

Activates the process that increase the supply of O2 and glucose

Question 3

What is hormone release effected by

Answer 3

Negative feedback

Question 4

What does adrenaline bind to

Answer 4

Receptors in heart - heart contracts more frequently- heart rate and blood pressure increase

Question 5

What does increasing blood pressure and heart rate do

Answer 5

Increases blood flow to muscles - cells recieve more O2 and glucose for increased respiration

Question 6

What is negative feedback

Answer 6

When body detects level of substance has gone above or below normal level, it triggers response to bring level back to normal

Question 7

What are hormones

Answer 7

Chemical messengers

Question 8

What do hormones effect

Answer 8

Control things in organs and cells that need constant adjustment

Question 9

What are hormones produced and secreted by

Answer 9

Endocrine glands which make up your endocrine system

Question 10

What is a pituitary gland

Answer 10

Master gland, regulates body conditions

Question 11

What do ovaries produce

Answer 11

Produce oestrogen

Question 12

What does testosterone control

Answer 12

Puberty and sperm production

Question 13

What does thyroxine do

Answer 13

Regulates basal metabolic rate, heart rate and temperature

Question 14

What do neurones do

Answer 14

Very fast reaction, acts for short time on specific area

Question 15

Hormones reaction

Answer 15

Slower action, act for long time, Act in general way

Question 16

What does pancreas do

Answer 16

Produce insulin which regulates blood glucose level

Question 17

What is the menstrual cycle

Answer 17

Month sequence of events in which the female body releases an egg and prepares the uterus incase the egg is fertilised

Question 18

How many stages of the menstrual cycle is there

Answer 18

4

Question 19

What happens on day one of the menstration cycle

Answer 19

Mentration starts - lining of uterus breaks down and is released

Question 20

What happens on day 4-14 of the menstration cycle

Answer 20

Uterus lining is repaired until becomes a think spongy layer full of blood vessels ready for fertilised egg

Question 21

What happens on day 14 of the menstration cycle

Answer 21

Egg develops and released from ovary - ovulation

Question 22

What happens on day 14-28 of the menstration cycle

Answer 22

Lining then maintained if no fertilised egg lands on the uterus - spongy lining breaks down again

Question 23

What 4 hormones is the mestrual cycle controlled by

Answer 23

FSH, LH, oestrogen, progesterone

Question 24

What does FSH stand for

Answer 24

Follice stimulating hormone

Question 25

What does FSH do

Answer 25

Released from pituitary gland, causes follicle to mature in ovary, dtimulates oestrogen production

Question 26

What is oestrogen

Answer 26

Released by ovaries, causes lining of uterus to grow and thicken, high level stimulates LH surge

Question 27

What does LH stand for

Answer 27

Lutenising hormone

Question 28

What id LH

Answer 28

Released from pituitary gland, LH surge stimulates ovulation, stimulates remains of the follicle to develop into corpus luteum - secrets progesterone

Question 29

What is progesterone and what does it do

Answer 29

Released by corpus luteum after ovulation, maintains uterus lining, inhibits release of FSH and LH, when level falls - low oestrogen level - uterus loning breaks down, low progesterone level allows FSH to increase - cycle restarts

Question 30

What is clomifene therapy

Answer 30

Some women are infertile because they dont ovulate or ovulate regularly. Taking clomifene causes more FSH and LH to be released which stimulates egg maturation and ovulation

Question 31

What does IVF stand for

Answer 31

In vitro fertilisation

Question 32

What is IVF

Answer 32

Collecting a womens eggs from ovaries and fertilising them in a lab with a mans sperm, they grow into embryos, once the embryos are tiny balls of cells they’re transferred back into the uterus

Question 33

Why is FSH and LH given to women before IVF

Answer 33

to stimulate egg production

Question 34

What is IVF aka

Answer 34

ART - assisted reproductive technique

Question 35

How does taking oestrogen prevent release of an egg

Answer 35

If taken everyday, it keeps levels of oestrogen permanently high which inhibits FSH production and after a while, egg production and development stop and stay stopped

Question 36

What does progesterone stimulate

Answer 36

Production of thick cervical mucus

Question 37

What does thick cervical mucus do

Answer 37

Stops sperm entering uterus

Question 38

What is type 1 diabetes caused by

Answer 38

Pancreas produces little or no insulin

Question 39

How is type 1 diabetes treated

Answer 39

Insluin therapy - injecting insulin into the subcutaneous tissue where it will enter the blood stream

Question 40

When is insulin therapy done

Answer 40

At meal times to ensure the gluose is removed quickly once food is digested

Question 41

What is type 2 disbetes caused by

Answer 41

Pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin or body does not respond to it

Question 42

Who are more likely to get type 2 diabetes

Answer 42

Obese people - BMI over 30

Question 43

Equation for BMI

Answer 43

Mass(kg) / (height)2 (m)

Question 44

How do u work out where the body stores fat

Answer 44

Waist to hip ratio

Question 45

How do u work out waist to hip ratio

Answer 45

Waist circumference (cm) / hip circumference (cm)

Question 46

Definition of homeostasis

Answer 46

Maintaing a constant internal environment

Question 47

What is osmoregulation

Answer 47

(Regulating water content) need to keep a balace between water intake and outake

Question 48

What is thermoregulation

Answer 48

(Regulating body temperature) you need to increase body temp when its cold but decrease it when its hot

Question 49

What 2 things control blood glucose concentration

Answer 49

Insluin, glycogen

Question 50

What happens when the concentration of thyroxine is too low

Answer 50

The hypothalamus (in thr brain) produces TRH (thyrotropin-releasinf hormone), which causes the released of TSH vro, pituitary gland -TSH acts on thyroid to produce thyroxine, when thyroxine levels are normal thyroxine inhibits release of TRH and production of TSH

Question 51

What does adrenaline do

Answer 51

Increases heart rate, blood pressure, blood flow to muscles, raises blood sugar levels by stimulating liver to change glycogen into glucose

Question 52

Where are hormones produced

Answer 52

Produced and secreted by various endocrine glands

Question 53

How are hormones transported from endocrine glands to other target organs

Answer 53

Hormones released into blood and carried to other parts of the body