animal organ systems (4.2.2) Flashcards
(47 cards)
order of digestive system
mouth
oesophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
rectum
anus
function of small intestine
absorbs nutrients + enzymic digestion
function of large intestine
absorbs water
function of the liver
produces bile
function of the gall bladder
stores bile
function of the pancreas
creates digestive enzymes
what do digestive enzymes do
convert food into small soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the blood stream
what is the lock and key theory
enzyme and substrate are separate
they bind together
the substrate is broken down
they separate again
what is the optimum temperature of all human enzymes
37 degrees celsius
what is the optimum pH for most enzymes (not protease)
pH 7
what is the optimum pH for protease
pH 2
what does lipase do
breaks down fats into fatty acid + glycerol
where is lipase made
pancreas + small intestine
where does lipase act
small intestine
what does amylase do
breaks down starch into glucose
where is amylase made
salivary glands
pancreas
small intestine
where does amylase work
mouth
small intestine
what does protease do
breaks down protein into amino acids
where is protease made
stomach
pancreas
small intestine
where does protease act
stomach
small intestine
what are the products of digestion used for
used to build new carbohydrates, lipids and proteins
some glucose is used in respiration
what does bile do
emulsifies fat into fat droplets to increase surface area for lipase to work
neutralises stomach acid for optimum conditions for enzymes in small intestine
what is the function of the pulmonary artery
carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs
what is the function of the vena cava
carries deoxygenated blood from the body into the heart
