respiration (4.4.2)

Question 1

what is respiration?

Answer 1

an exothermic reaction that is continually occurring in living cells.

Question 2

name three things organisms need energy for

Answer 2

• chemical reactions
• movement
• keeping warm

Question 3

equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 3

glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water

Question 4

equation for anaerobic respiration in humans

Answer 4

glucose —> lactic acid

Question 5

equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast cells (fermentation)

Answer 5

glucose —> ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 6

state the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Answer 6

aerobic uses oxygen and anaerobic doesn’t

Question 7

how does the human body respond to the increase demand for energy? (exercise)

Answer 7

The heart rate, breathing rate and breath volume increase

gives muscles more oxygenated blood.

Question 8

what happens if insufficient oxygen is supplied

Answer 8

anaerobic respiration
build up of lactic acid
fatigue

Question 9

name four metabolic reactions

Answer 9

• lipids made from fatty acids + glycerol
• photosynthesis
• respiration
• proteins being made from amino acids

Question 10

balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 10

C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 11

4 reasons why is energy needed in general

Answer 11

active transport
movement
building large molecules from smaller ones
maintaining body temperature

Question 12

two uses of anaerobic yeast in industry

Answer 12

carbon dioxide used to help bread rise

ethanol is used to make alcoholic drinks

Question 13

definition of metabolism

Answer 13

sum of the reactions in a cell or organism