Animal Science_2 Flashcards
(167 cards)
1
Q
is any defect on the body of the animal, which does not affect the health and
working ability, but renders its appearances unsightly or less attractive.
A
Blemish
2
Q
- a group of animals, which possesses certain characteristics that are common to
individuals within that group of animals within the same species.
A
Breed
3
Q
a female parent
A
Dam
4
Q
a related group of animals.
A
Family
5
Q
the way of going of the animal, in which the movements are regular and distinctively
profound or performed.
A
Gait
6
Q
the rate at which the animal moves.
A
Pace
7
Q
to surgically remove the ovaries of a female.
A
Spray
8
Q
a group of animals within a breed differing in one or more characteristics from other
member of the breed.
A
Strain
9
Q
a male parent
A
Sire
10
Q
the complete cycle in the movements of the legs at any of the gaits of the animal.
A
Stride
11
Q
includes the back, loin and rumps (in horses).
A
Topline
12
Q
the make up or structure of a group of animals that were developed to perform a
certain function or purpose
A
Type
13
Q
– a collective term denoting the four legs of an animal.
A
Underpinning
14
Q
this term denotes a malformation of a part of an animal, or a malady, which
may not disturb the health of the animal but adversely influences, its service ability.
A
Unsoundness
15
Q
the act of separating the young from the dam
A
Weaning
16
Q
removal of the testicles whether by surgical or chemical means.
A
Caponization
17
Q
mature male fowl.
A
Cock
18
Q
refers to the feathers of the newly fowl.
A
Down feathers
19
Q
mature female fowl.
A
Hen
20
Q
refers to the development of the birds from the fertilized to a fully formed
individual under optimum or favorable conditions.
A
Incubation
21
Q
the laying of fully developed eggs (egg laying).
A
Oviposition
22
Q
pullet whose ovaries have been removed
A
Poulard
23
Q
any domesticated fowl or it refers to all species of domesticated fowls.
A
Poultry
24
Q
newly hatched young chicken 1 to 10 days old
A
Baby chicks
25
fattening male, the testicles of which were removed at 2 to 3 months old
Capon
26
young male chicken below one year of age.
Cockerel
27
already declared females.
Pullet chicks
28
female chicken that is almost to lay eggs or just started to lay below one year
of age.
Pullets
29
mature male chicken intended for breeding
Rooster (cock)
30
unclassified baby chicks.
Straight run chick
31
breeding male pigeon
Pigeon Cock
32
- breeding female pigeon.
Pigeon Hen
33
young pigeon from one to about 30 days old.
Squab
34
ready to leave the nest.
Peeper
35
ready to leave the nest and just starting to eat.
Squeaker
36
breeding male duck
Drake
37
breeding female duck
Duck hen
38
baby duck
Duckling
39
- breeding male goose
Gander
40
breeding female goose
Goose
41
- baby goose
Gosling
42
breeding male rabbit
Buck
43
breeding female rabbit
Doe
44
young rabbit
Bunny
45
rabbit's meat
Lapan
46
breeding male turkey
Tom or Gabbler
47
breeding female turkey
Turkey Hen
48
a young turkey whose sex is unknown; a term applied to immature turkeys,
generally used only until sex can be distinguished.
Poult
49
includes all those approximately one year of age. in sheep
sheep
50
includes those approximately one year and younger in sheep
Lamb
51
male sheep of any age intended for breeding.
Ram or Buck
52
- female sheep also of any age
Ewe
53
male sheep castrated before it had reached a sufficient maturity to make
reproduction possible and has not developed characteristics. As a rule, castration is done
before the animal is six weeks old; male sheep castrated while young.
Wether
54
male sheep castrated at the time after the head, neck and fore quarters have
become course or after the secondary sexual characteristics have developed.
Stag
55
- a yearling sheep.
Shearling or two-tooth
56
a two year old sheep.
Four-tooth or two shear
57
is a subclass of lamb denoting animals that are in full fleece and that are
purchased primarily for their wool.
Shearer
58
wool covering of the sheep.
Fleece
59
cloths made from combed wool fibers laid parallel to each other by passing
through metal comb.
Worsteds
60
wool and skin together.
Pelt
61
waste wool and foreign matter removed in the preparation of combed wool.
Noils
62
- clothes made from short and highly crimped wool fibers called carding wools.
Woolens
63
male goat of any age.
Buck or Billy goat
64
female goat of any age.
Doe
65
66
young goat of either sex below one year of age
Kid
67
castrated male while young; male goat unsexed at an early age
Wether goat
68
male goat castrated/ unsexed after the secondary sexual characteristics have
developed
Stag
69
the act of parturition of goat.
Kidding
70
a pregnant doe is spoken of as a doe in kid
Doe in kid
71
goat's meat
Chevon
72
Philippine term for water buffalo
Carabao
73
mature female carabao
Cara-cow
74
young female carabao below three years of age
Cara-heifer
75
young carabao of either sex under one year of age
Cara-calf
76
male carabao castrated/ unsexed while young
Cara-steer
77
male carabao castrated/ unsexed after the secondary sexual characteristics
have developed
Cara-stag
78
carabao meat
Cara-beef
79
pregnant cara-cow
In calf
80
parturition of carabao
Calving
81
mature male horse intended for breeding
Stallion
82
term used to indicate the use of the mare for breeding purpose
Brood Mare
83
a mature female horse
Mare
84
a young male horse
Colt
85
a young female horse, usually up to three years old
Filly
86
young horse of either sex below one year of age
Faol
87
male horse castrated/unsexed while young
Gelding
88
male horse castrated/ unsexed at an advanced age
Stag
89
a stallion with one testicle or none in the scrotum, the other
or both is held inside the abdominal cavity.
Crytorchid or Ridgling
90
a horse breeding establishment
Stud
91
mature breeding horse
Stud horse
92
is a dry mare, did not produce any young during the breeding season
Yeld mare
93
animal belonging to the family Bovidae and
genus Bos
Cattle
94
male breeding ox of any age'
Bull
95
mature female cattle intended for breeding purposes
Cow
96
young ox male or female under one year of age
Calf
97
- is a young female ox under three years of age that has not given birth yet
Heifer
98
male cattle castrated/unsexed while young
Steer
99
- is a sterile female ox born twin to a male calf.
Free Martin
100
the meat of a mature ox
Beef
101
the meat of a calf
Veal
102
- general term for any class of animal belonging to the family suidae of either
sex.
Swine
103
adult swine at the age of one year or over
Hog
104
young swine below one year
Pig
105
a male swine of any age intended for breeding
Boar
106
a mature female swine intended for breeding, one that has given birth
Sow
107
a young female swine under one year of age, one that has not given birth yet
Gilt
108
a young swine of either sex weighing approximately 50 kilos
Shote
109
young male pig castrated/unsexed at an early age
Barrow
110
the act of parturition in swine
Farrow
111
is the aggregate of pigs in one birth or farrowing
Litter
112
the meat of the swine
Pork
113
- the carcass or carcass parts coming from animals sufficiently mature and healthy.
Meat
114
meat from cattle more than a year old
Beef
115
meat from cattle less than one year old; meat from calf.
Veal
116
- meat from carabaos more than one year old.
Carabeef -
117
meat from goats.
Chevon
118
meat from swine.
Pork
119
meat from sheep
Mutton
120
meat from young sheep
Lamb
121
meat from deers
Venison -
122
meat from an illegal source
Hot meat
123
meat that has not undergone any substantial change from the time of
slaughter.
Fresh meat
124
edible by-products from the slaughter house.
Meat by-products
125
- the premises approved and registered as premises for slaughtering animals
for human food
Abattoir
126
laughtering an animal which is already dead of some causes prior to
slaughter.
Cold slaughter
127
process of cutting carcasses into standard wholesale and retail cuts.
Fabrication
128
act of removing hide from animals.
Flaying
129
prepared meat cured by soaking with or without injecting into it a solution of
common salt with or without one or more of nitrate, nitrite, sugar, dextrose, syrup, honey,
and with or without the use of spices.
Corned meat
130
the addition of salt with or without nitrate, nitrite, and sugar for the purpose of
lengthening shelf life and/or enhancing the development of odor, color, and flavor.
Curing
131
freezing products such that the deepest portion hardens in 30 minutes.
Quick freezing
132
reezing products at a temperature of -20°F or lower.
Deep freezing
133
- unsmoked cured hams
Green hams
134
meat deboned before the development of rigor mortis.
Hot boned meat
135
it is a process of destroying most disease-producing microorganisms and
limiting fermentation in milk or other liquids by heating a foodstuff, usually a liquid, for a
definite time at a definite temperature and thereafter cooling it immediately
Pasteurization
136
fat globules are subjected to mechanical treatment which breaks them
down into smaller globules, uniformly dispersed in the milk
Homogenization
137
- fresh milk of high purity to be delivered to the customer within 36 hours.
The number of bacteria is 10,000 or less per ml.
Certified milk
138
- fresh milk heated to a temperature of not lower than 145°F for a
period of not less than 30 minutes.
Pasteurized milk
139
fresh milk that has been evaporated to a concentration of 73.7 percent
water. It contains 7 percent protein, 7.9 percent fat, 9.9 percent lactose and 1.5 percent
minerals
Evaporated milk
140
milk that contains finer globules of butterfat than those present in
fresh milk. It is prepared by passing fresh milk through small openings by pressure.
Homogenized milk
141
concentrated milk to which sugar has been added. It has 27 percent
water, 8.1 percent protein, 54.8 percent lactose, and 1.7 percent minerals.
Condensed milk
142
dried milk obtained by evaporating the moisture from the milk
solids.
Dried or powder milk
143
milk where the butterfat is replaced with vegetable fat such as coconut fat.
Filled milk
144
dry skim milk, dry buttermilk plus butter oil.
Recombined milk
145
milk powder plus water.
Reconstituted milk
146
system where unrelated individuals are mated to produce the next
generation
Outbreeding
147
- the mating of unrelated individuals in the same breed.
Pure breeding
148
- the breeding of related individuals is generally termed
Close breeding
149
is the mating of individuals from different breed.
Cross breeding
150
- the mating of related individuals
In-breeding -
151
he breeding of less related individuals, nephew and aunt, first
cousin and so on.
Line-breeding
152
the second important reasons for cross breeding
Heterosis
153
the genetic makeup of an individual.
Genotype
154
environmentally and genetically determined observable appearance of an
organism; the expression of genes which can be measured by our senses. What we see in an
animal for some trait.
Phenotype
155
a list of animals ancestors usually only those of the five closes generation.
Pedigree
156
simply means separation or sorting out and refers to the way in which the
genes separate out in subsequent generations
Segregation
157
- the first filial generation, or the first generation progeny following the
parental generation.
F1 Generation
158
the second filial generation progeny resulting from the mating of F1
generation individuals. Produce by an inbreeding of the first filial generation.
F2 Generation
159
the period during which the reproductive organs first become functional.
Puberty
160
variations in puberty depends on:
1. climatic conditions
2. level of nutrition
3. heredity
161
it is the interval from the beginning of one heat period to the beginning of
the next.
Estrous Cycle -
162
the first of the estrous cycle is referred to as the "building up" phase; follicles
increase in size, vaginal wall thickens, and uterus vascularity increases.
Proestrus
163
period of heat and greatest receptivity to male, rapture of ovarian follicles in
most farm animals
Estrus
164
formation of corpus luteum, changes in vaginal wall and uterus.
Metestrus
165
looks and feels solid because it is actually a tissue.
But in reality it is an endocrine gland, which produces progesterone,
Corpus Luteum or yellow body
166
a hormone
essential for maintenance of pregnancy.
progesterone
167
– characterized by the regression of the corpus luteum; progesterone
secretion is at basal level.
Diestrus
