Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology Paper 1 > Animal tissues, organs and organ systems > Flashcards

Animal tissues, organs and organ systems Flashcards

(56 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is function of spongy mesophyll

A

To allow carbon dioxide to diffuse through the leaf and increase surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of the layer of palisade cells

A

Absorbs light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of epidermis

A

Allows light to reach the palisade cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of waxy cuticle

A

Protects the leaf without blocking out light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is xylem and phloem and what do they do

A

Tissues which transport substances around plant

  • Xylem - Distributes water and dissolved minerals upward through the plant from roots to the leaves
  • Phloem - Carries food downwards from leaves to the roots
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is mesophyll

A

Tissues which carry out photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is epidermal tissue

A

Tissue which covers the plant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are organ systems

A

A group of organs that perform a particular function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is an organ

A

A group of tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is epithelial tissue

A

Covers some parts of bodies providing protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a glandular tissue

A

Produces substances such as enzymes and hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a muscular tissue

A

A type of tissue that contracts to bring about movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a tissue

A

A group of cells with similar cell structure and function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How are capillaries adapted to their function

A
  • Function : Enables transfer of substances between the blood and tissues
  • Walls are one cell thick - short diffusion path
  • Permeable walls - Substances can diffuse across
  • Narrow Lumen - Blood moves slowly - more time for diffusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How are veins adapted to their function

A
  • Function : Carry blood towards the heart
  • Wide lumen - enables low pressure
  • Valves - prevent backflow of blood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How are arteries adapted to their function

A
  • Function : Carry blood away from the heart

* Thick muscle layer - adds strength to resist high pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are 3 types of blood vessels in the body

A
  • Arteries
  • Veins
  • Capillaries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the approximate value of the natural resting heart rate

A

70 beats per minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is purpose of coronary artery

A

Coronary arteries supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the purpose of valves in the heart

A

Prevent the backflow of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are four main blood vessels associated with the heart

A

•Aorta (left) - Carries oxygenated blood from heart to the body

•Pulmonary vein (left) - Carries oxygenated blood
from the lungs to the heart

  • Vena cava (right) - Carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart
  • Pulmonary artery (right) - Carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Why is the wall of the left ventricle thicker

A

The left ventricle has to pump blood at a higher pressure around the whole body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How many chambers does the heart have and what are they called

Study These Flashcards
A

4 - right atrium, right ventricle , left atrium, left ventricle

24
Q

Where does blood pumped by left ventricle go

25
Where does blood pumped by the right ventricle go
The lungs
26
How does double circulatory system work
* One pathway carries blood from the heart to the lungs - where exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place * One pathway carries blood from heart to the tissues
27
What is the purpose of the circulatory system
Carries oxygen and other useful substances to bodily tissues and removes waste substances
28
What is the heart
An organ that pumps blood around the body
29
Where is bile made and stored in the body
Bile is made by the liver and stored in the gallbladder
30
What is the role of enzymes in digestive system
Enzymes acts as biological catalysts which speed up rate of biological reactions without being used up
31
What is role of lipases in the digestive system
Lipases break down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
32
What is the lock and key hypothesis of enzyme function
The shape of the enzyme active site and the substrate are complementary so can bind together to form an enzyme - substrate complex
33
How does the shape of an enzyme affect its function
Enzymes have a specific active site which is complementary to their substrate
34
What is the role of the large intestine in the digestive system
Absorbs water from undigested food producing faeces
35
What is the role of the liver in the digestive system
Produces bile (stored in the gallbladder) which emulsifies lipids and allows the lipase enzyme to work more efficiently
36
What is the role of the small intestine in the digestive system
This is where soluble food molecules are absorbed into the blood stream
37
What is the role of the stomach in the digestive system
Produces hydrochloric acid which kills any bacteria
38
What is the role of the pancreas and the salivary gland in the digestive system
The pancreas and the salivary gland are glands which produce digestive juices containing enzymes
39
What is the main function of the digestive system
To digest food and absorb the nutrients
40
What is role of lipases in the digestive system
Lipases breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
41
What is a tissue?
A group of cells with a similar structure and function
42
What is an organ?
A group of tissues working together for a specific function
43
What is an organism ?
Work together to form organisms
44
What are 3 main nutrients in food ?
Carbohydrates (e.g. starch), protein and lipids (fats)
45
What are main organs that make up digestive system ?
The main organs that make up the digestive system (in order of their function) are the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus
46
What do digestive enzymes do?
Break down large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble ones
47
Where are digestive enzymes made?
In glands
48
What are the three digestive enzymes you need to know?
Amylase (a Carbohydrase), Protease and Lipase
49
Where is amylase made?
The salivary glands, pancreas and small intestine
50
Where is protease made?
In the stomach, the pancreas and the small intestine
51
What does protease do?
Catalyses the breakdown of proteins into amino acids
52
Where is lipase made?
In the pancreas and small intestine
53
What does lipase do?
Catalyses the breakdown of lipids (fats and oils) into fatty acids and glycerol
54
What do enzymes do ?
Speed up chemical reactions
55
What happens to the active site?
It is where the substrate attaches to
56
What is substrate ?
Molecule that the enzyme breaks down

Biology Paper 1 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions