Ankle

Question 0

Talar tilt test

Answer 0

Side lying on uninvolved side knee at 90 foot neutral
Action
-stabilize distal tibia grasp talus and tilt in adduction/abduction
Findings
-excessive adduction compared bilaterally = possible calcaneofibular ligament sprain
-excessive abduction = possible deltoid ligament sprain

Question 1

Anterior drawer test

Answer 1

Seated, knee at 90, slight plantar Flexion
Action
-tibia/fibula stabilization
Anterior force to the calcaneus and talus
Findings
-excess anterior translation compared bilaterally = ATF sprain

Question 2

Thompson test

Answer 2

Prone heels over edge of table
Action
-squeeze belly of gastro/soles muscles
Findings
-no plantar flexion = Achilles' tendon rupture

Question 3

Percussion test

Answer 3

Supine heel over edge of table
Action
-ankle fully dorsiflex end
-apply firm tap to bottom of heel
Findings
-pain = fracture

Question 4

Compression test

Answer 4

Leg extended supine or seated
Action
-squeeze/compress tibia and fibula
-away from pain sight (can displace)
Findings
-fibula fracture

Question 5

Swing test

Answer 5

Supine/seated leg extended heels over edge
Palpate anterior talus with thumbs
Action
-passively plantar flex then dorsiflex observe movement and note resistance into dorsiflexion
Findings
-resistance = possible posterior tibiotalar subluxation

Question 6

Kleigers test

Answer 6

Seated leg of table
Distal tibia stabilized ankle neutral
Stabilize inferior medial aspect of calcaneus
Action
-apply external rotation to calcaneus repeat in dorsiflexion
Findings
-neutral position pain = deltoid ligament sprain
-dorsiflexion pain = distal tibiofibular syndesmosis involvement

Question 7

Tinels sign

Answer 7

Supine/seated
Action
-finger tap posterior tibial nerve over the medial aspect of the ankle where nerve is most superficial
Findings
-tingling or pain radiating along posterior tibial pathway = tarsal tunnel syndrome