ankle and foot

Question 1

femur popliteal surface

Answer 1

the posterior surface of the lower end of the femur between the diverging lips of the linea aspera

Question 2

medial condyle of femur

Answer 2

medial projection on lower extremity of femur; larger than lateral

Question 3

lateral condyle

Answer 3

lateral projection on lower extremity of femur

Question 4

tibial soleal line

Answer 4

an obliquely oriented line passing distally from lateral to medial; sits posteriorly in the proximal third of the tibia; a rought ridge of bone that serves as the attachement sit for the soleus muscle

Question 5

tibial medial malleolus

Answer 5

prominence on medial aspect of ankle

Question 6

tibial lateral condyle

Answer 6

lateral projection of upper extremity of tibia

Question 7

fibula head

Answer 7

upper extremity of fibula; irregular quadrate form

Question 8

lateral malleolus of fibula

Answer 8

bony lump situated at the outer aspect of the ankle

Question 9

tarsals

Answer 9

calcaneus, talus, navicular, and cuneiforms

Question 10

calcaneus tarsal

Answer 10

articulates with talus superiorly and cubiod anteriorly

Question 11

talus tarsal

Answer 11

transfers weight from tibia to foot; no muscles attachment

Question 12

navicular tarsal

Answer 12

boat-shaped between talar head and three cuneiforms

Question 13

cuneiform tarsals

Answer 13

three wedge-shaped bones

Question 14

metatarsals

Answer 14

numbered 1-5, from big toe to little toe; possess base, shaft, and head

Question 15

phalanges

Answer 15

three for each digit except great toe; possess base, shaft, and head; termed proximal, middle and distal

Question 16

interosseous membrane origin

Answer 16

tibia

Question 17

interosseous membrane insertion

Answer 17

fibula

Question 18

interosseous membrane action

Answer 18

keeps two bones moving together

Question 19

achilles/calcaneal tendon origin

Answer 19

gastrocnemius and soleus muscles

Question 20

achilles/calcaneal tendon insertion

Answer 20

calcaneous

Question 21

achilles.calcaneal tendon actions

Answer 21

plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle, flexion at the knee

Question 22

anterior talofibular (lateral collateral) ligament origin, insertion, and notes

Answer 22

origin: lateral malleolus insertion: talus and calcaneous notes: weak and often sprained; resists inversion of foot; has 3 parts

Question 23

calcaneofibular ligament origin, insertion, and action

Answer 23

origin: lateral malleous insertion: lateral surface of calcaneous action: opposed the hyperinversion of the subtalar joint, as in an ankle sprain

Question 24

deltoid (medial) ligament origin, insertion, and action

Answer 24

origin: medial malleous insertion: talus, calcaneous, and navicular action: limits eversion of foot; maintains medial long arch; has four parts

Question 25

gastrocnemus origin

Answer 25

lateral head: lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur. medial head: poplietal surface of femur, superior to medial condyle

Question 26

gastrocnemus and soleus insertion

Answer 26

posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Question 27

gastrocnemus action

Answer 27

plantarflexes foot at ankle; raises heel during walking; flexes leg at knee joint

Question 28

gastrocnemius, soleus, and tibialis posterior strengthening

Answer 28

calf raises - stand on a step with heels hanging off back, then raise and lower on your toes

Question 29

gastrocnemius, soleus, and tibialis posterior stretching

Answer 29

down dog: with hands and feet on ground and hips flexes, raise and lower heels to push heels to ground

Question 30

soleus origin

Answer 30

posterior aspect of head of fibula, superior fourth of posterior surface of fibula, soleal line, and medial border of tibia

Question 31

soleus and tibialis posterior action

Answer 31

plantarflexes foot at ankle; steadies leg on foot

Question 32

tibialis anterior origin

Answer 32

lateral condyle and superior half of lateral surface of tibia

Question 33

tibialis anterior insertion

Answer 33

medial and inferior surfaces of medial and cuneiform and base of first metatarsal

Question 34

tibialis anterior action

Answer 34

dorsiflexes foot at ankle and inverts foot

Question 35

tibilais anterior strengthening

Answer 35

tie one end of resistance band to object on floor and other end around toes. sit facing the object with your toes pointed forward and repeatedly flex ankle to stretch the band and return to starting position

Question 36

tibialis anterior stretching

Answer 36

stand and flex knee, pulling foot to butt with hand

Question 37

peroneus (fibularis) longus origin

Answer 37

head and superior 2 thirds of lateral surface of fibula

Question 38

peroneus (fibularis) longus insertion

Answer 38

base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform

Question 39

peroneus (fibularis) brevis origin

Answer 39

inferior 2 thirds of lateral surface of fibula

Question 40

peroneus (fibularis) brevis insertion

Answer 40

dorsal aspect of tuberosity on lateral side of 5th metatarsal

Question 41

peroneus (fibularis) longus and brevis action

Answer 41

everts foot and weakly plantarflexes foot at ankle

Question 42

peroneus (fibularis) longus and brevis strengthening

Answer 42

resistance band around foot; start with foot inversted (facing inwards) and then evert it; repeat

Question 43

peroneus (fibularis) longus and brevis stretching

Answer 43

sit in a chair with anke resting on a knee. with your hands, point the foot (plantarflex) and turnthe sole of the foot upwards

Question 44

extensor hallucis longus origin

Answer 44

middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

Question 45

extenson hallucis longus insertion

Answer 45

dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe

Question 46

extenson hallucis longus action

Answer 46

extends great toe and dorsiflexes foot at ankle

Question 47

extensor digitorum longus origin

Answer 47

lateral condyle of tibia and superior 3/4ths of anterior surface of interosseous membrane and fibula

Question 48

extensor digitorum longus insertion

Answer 48

middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits

Question 49

extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus strengthening

Answer 49

sit down and raise the toes and forefoot up off the floor; repeat

Question 50

extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus stretching

Answer 50

plantarflex ankle and put top of foot on ground; stretch shin