ANKLE/FOOT Flashcards
(109 cards)
1
Q
How many metatarsals are on the foot?
A
5
2
Q
How many phalanges on the foot?
A
14
3
Q
How many tarsals on the foot?
A
7
4
Q
Talus
A
Superior to calcaneus
5
Q
Calcaneus is
A
The heel
6
Q
Navicular bone is
A
Medial
7
Q
Cuboid is
A
Lateral to proximal base of 5th
8
Q
3 Cuneiforms are
A
Proximal to 1st, 2nd, 3rd metatarsal
9
Q
2 sesamoid bones are
A
Plantar surface head of 1st metatarsal
10
Q
Def. of Hammer Toe
A
MTP, DIP are hyperextended & PIP is flexed
11
Q
MOI of Hammer Toe
A
Chronic condition
12
Q
S/S of Hammer Toe
A
Pain
Swelling
Deformity
13
Q
Tx of Hammer Toe
A
Refer if limiting activity
14
Q
Def. of Hallux Valgus Bunions
Laymen’s term is ?
A
MTP is laterally deviated
Bunions
15
Q
MOI of Hallux Valgus
A
Valgus stress to MTP of the great toe
16
Q
S/S of Halux Valgus
A
Pain
PPT
Swelling
Deformity
Painful Ambulation
17
Q
Tx of Hallux Valgus
A
- Correct shoe wear
- Tape with a wedge to reposition
- Donut Pad
- Strengthen flexors/extensors of toes
- Surgery
18
Q
Def. of Ingrown Toe Nail
A
The nail grows into the surrounding soft tissue
19
Q
MOI of Ingrown Toe Nail
A
- Cutting nails too short
- Shoe size
- Broken Nail or trauma
20
Q
S/S of Ingrown Toe Nail
A
- Pain
- Swelling
- Bloody or purulent discharge
21
Q
Tx for Ingrown Toe Nail
A
- Warm betadine soap
- Topical Antibiotics
- Remove the part of the toenail
22
Q
Def of Turf Toe
A
Sprain to 1st MTP joint
23
Q
MOI of Turf Toe
A
Hyperextension or hyperflexion of the great toe
24
Q
S/S of Turf Toe
A
- Pain at 1st MTP
- Swelling/Discoloration
- Inability to weight bear
- Increased pain
25
Tx for Turf Toe
- PRICE
- Hard insoles
- Turf toe tape, for RTP
26
Def. of Jones Fracture
Fx at the base of 5th metatarsal
27
MOI for Jones Fracture
Forced inversion
28
S/S of Jones Fracture
- Pain at the base of the 5th metatarsal
- Swelling
- Deformity
29
Tx for Jones Fracture
- POLICE
- Immobilize boots/crutches
- Refer to physician
30
Def. of Plantar Fascitis
Thick, white band of fibrous tissue
31
MOI of Plantar Fascitis
Chronic stress & repetitive running
32
The weight bearing bone, that forms the medial malleolus
Tibia
33
The non-weight bearing bone, forms the lateral malleolus
Fibula
34
ATF is
Anterior Talofibular Ligament
35
CF
Calcaneofibular Ligament
36
PTF
Posterior Talofibular Ligament
37
Anterior Talofibular
Calcaneofibular
Posterior Talofibular
These ligaments are?
Lateral Ligaments
38
What are the syndesmotic ligaments?
Anterior Tibiofibular & Posterior Tibiofibular
39
What are the Medial Ligaments?
Deltoid & Spring
40
Function of ATF - Anterior talofibular ligament
Resists Plantarflexion & inversion
41
Function of CF - Calcaneofibular Ligament
Resists inversion
42
Function of PTF - Posterior Talofibular Ligament
Resists dorsiflexion & inversion
43
Function of Anterior Tibiofibular & Posterior Tibiofibular Ligaments is
Resists separation of tibia & fibula
44
Function of deltoid ligament
Resists eversion
45
Function of spring ligament
Holds your arch up
46
Muscles in the anterior compartment
Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Hallucis
Peroneal Tertius
47
Tibialis Anterior Action
DF & inv of Ankle
48
Extensor Digitorum Action
Ext of toes 2-5 & DF of ankle
49
Extensor Hallucis Action
Ext of great toe & DF of ankle
50
Peroneal Tertius Action
Eversion & DF
51
Muscles in superficial posterior compartment
Soleus & Gastrocnemius
52
Soleus Action
PF of ankle
53
Gastrocnemius Action
PF of Ankle & Flex Knee
54
Muscles in deep posterior compartment
Posterior Tibialis
Flexor Hallucis
Flexor Digitorum
55
Posterior Tibialis Action
Inversion & PF
56
Flexor Hallucis Action
Flexion of great toe & PF of ankle
57
Flexor Digitorum Action
Flexion of toes 2-5 & PF Ankle
58
Muscles of lateral compartment
Peroneals Brevis
Peroneal Longus
59
Peroneals Brevis Action
Eversion & PF
60
Peroneal Longus Action
Eversion & PF Ankle
61
Def. Of Achilles Tendinitis
Inflammation of the tendon of heel
62
S/s of Plantar Fascitis
PPT
Pain with 1st step out of bed
Pain with passive ext. of great toe
63
Tx for Plantar Fascitis
Modify Activities
Ice massage
Heel cup
Stretch plantar fascia
64
What complication can happen with plantar Fascitis?
Heel spur development
65
Anatomy of Lateral Ankle Sprain
Anterior talofibular (ATF)
66
MOI of Lateral Ankle Sprain
Inversion & PF
67
S/s of Lateral Ankle Sprain
Pop
Pain
Swelling/Ecchymosis
Decreased ROM
68
Tx for Lateral Ankle Sprain
Special Test?
POLICE
Early ROM
Ankle strengthening/proprioception
RTP taping or brace
Anterior Drawer & Inverison Talar Tilt
69
Anatomy for Medial Ankle Sprain
Deltoid ligament
70
MOI for Medial Ankle Sprain
Excessive eversion
71
S/s for Medial Ankle Sprain
Pain
Swelling/Ecchymosis
Decreased ROM
72
Tx for Medial Ankle Sprain
Special Test?
POLICE
Boot/Crutches
Refer to rule out fibula fx
Eversion Talar Tilt
73
Anatomy for Syndesmosis Sprain
Anterior Tibiofibular &/or Posterior Tibiofibular Ligament
74
MOI for Syndesmosis Sprain
External Rotation & DF
75
s/s for Syndesmosis Sprain
Pain,
Unable to WB,
Edema,
Decreased ROM
76
Special Test for Syndesmosis Sprain?
Kleigers
77
Tx for Syndesmosis Srain
POLICE
Boot/Crutches
Refer to rule out for Fx
78
Layman's Term for Syndesmosis Sprain
High Ankle Sprain
79
Anatomy for Subtalar Dislocation
Subtalar Joint
80
MOI for Subtalar Dislocation
Inversion & PF
81
s/s for Subtalar Dislocation
Pain, Swelling, Deformity
82
Tx for Subtalar Dislocation
POLICE
Splint
Check for neurovascular compromise
Refer/Transport Via EMS
83
MOI for Achilles Tendonitis
Repeated Stress
84
s/s for Achilles Tendonitis
Swelling,
PPT over achilles,
Crepitus,
Pain w/ active & DF
Pain w/ resisted PF
85
Tx for Achilles Tendonitis
POLICE
Achilles Tape &/ or Heel lift
Eccentric exercises & Stretching
86
MOI for Achilles Tendon Rupture
Sudden forceful contraction of grastrocnemius
Forced DF
87
s/s for Achilles Tendon Rupture
Extreme pn
"Kicked in the heel"
Weakness/Unable to WB
Swelling
Depression in Achilles
88
Special Test for Achilles Tendon Rupture
Thompson Test
89
Tx for Achilles Tendon Rupture
POLICE
Splint PF
Refer for surgery
90
Def for MTSS
Shin splints
91
Anatomy for MTSS
Distal 1/3 medial tibia
92
MOI for MTSS
Repetitive Stress
93
S/S for MTSS
Pain
Swelling
94
Tx for MTSS
Modify Activity
Ice cups
Stretch/Strengthen
Taping
New Shoes
95
MOI for Stress Fracture
Repetitive Stress
96
s/s for Stress Fracture
Increase Pn
Pinpoint Pn w/ activity
Swelling
97
Tx for Stress Fracture
Remove from activity
Immoblize
Refer to physician
Rest 4-6 weeks on crutches
98
Def for Epiphyseal Fx
Salter Harris Fx
99
Anatomy for Epiphyseal Fx
Growth Plate
100
s/s for Epiphyseal Fx
Pain
Swelling
difficulty walking
101
Tx for Epiphyseal Fx
Immobilize
Refer to physician
102
Complication for epiphyseal Fx
If growth plate grows close early & growth stops in one bone
103
MOI for Tib-Fib Fx
Direct blow
Forced eversion
Forced rotation
104
s/s for Tib-Fib Fx
Pain
Possible deformity
Swelling
Unable to WB
105
Tx for Tib-Fib Fx
POLICE
Boot/Crutches
Refer X-Rays
Possible Surgery
106
Def for Anterior Comaprtment Syndrome
Swelling in Ant. Comaprtment
107
MOI for Ant. Compartment Syndrome
Repetitive Stress of DF
Acute Trauma
108
s/s for Ant. Compartment Syndrome
Skin feels hot
Reddish waxy skin
Swelling
Extreme Pn
109
Tx for Ant. Compartment Syndrome
Immediate referral
NEVER COMPRESS
