ANOVA - repeated measures Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is the main difference between between-groups and repeated-measures ANOVA?
Between-groups compares different people across conditions; repeated-measures tests the same people in all conditions.
What are the sources of variance in between-groups ANOVA?
Variance between groups (explained) and variance within groups (unexplained).
What are the sources of variance in repeated-measures ANOVA?
Variance between conditions (explained), variance between subjects (individual differences), and residual variance (unexplained noise).
Why is repeated-measures ANOVA often more powerful?
Because it controls for individual differences, reducing error variance.
How is the F-ratio calculated in repeated-measures ANOVA?
F = MS explained / MS unexplained, where MS unexplained = MS total - MS explained - MS individual differences.
What was the objective in the example study about children?
To measure how well children transfer learning across three task phases.
What were the three phases in the learning transfer study?
Baseline (task A), Teaching (task B with help), and Transfer (task C without help).
What would a significant difference between baseline and transfer indicate?
Successful transfer of learning.
What is the first step in SPSS for running a repeated-measures ANOVA?
Go to Analyze > General Linear Model > Repeated Measures and define the factor.
What should you do after finding a significant main effect in ANOVA?
Run a planned t-test to compare specific conditions (e.g., Baseline vs Transfer).
How would you report a significant main effect and t-test result?
F(2,22) = 29.1, p < .001; t(11) = 5.25, p < .001, showing faster performance in the final stage.
What is a 2x2 factorial ANOVA used for?
To examine main effects and interactions between two independent variables.
What does an interaction effect mean in factorial ANOVA?
The effect of one factor depends on the level of another factor.
Why don’t you need post-hoc tests in a 2x2 ANOVA?
Because each factor only has two levels, so all comparisons are already included.
What is the General Linear Model (GLM)?
A statistical model that allows for the analysis of multiple factors and their interactions by comparing explained vs unexplained variance.
