data visualisation Flashcards
(16 cards)
Why should we visualise data instead of just using summary statistics?
Visualisations reveal patterns or issues that summary statistics alone may hide.
What famous historical figure used data visualisation to influence change?
Florence Nightingale used it in 1858 to show poor living conditions for British soldiers.
What is Anscombe’s Quartet and why is it important?
Four datasets with identical summary stats but very different visual patterns—highlighting the importance of graphing data.
What is the Datasaurus Dozen?
A collection of datasets with identical stats but drastically different visuals, including a dinosaur-shaped plot.
What are two key purposes of data visualisation in research?
(1) Checking assumptions during analysis; (2) Helping readers interpret findings in reports.
What graphs are useful for checking data assumptions?
Histograms and boxplots.
What graphs are used to summarise descriptive statistics?
Bar charts and clustered bar charts.
What is a scatterplot used for?
To show relationships between variables and sometimes check assumptions.
What elements must an APA-style graph include?
Title, labelled x- and y-axes with units, clearly presented data, and notes if needed.
What makes a good graph according to Tufte (2001) and APA (2021)?
Clarity, labelled elements, meaningful data presentation, and no distortion.
What is “chartjunk”?
Unnecessary or misleading elements in a graph that distract from the data (Tufte, 2001).
Why are some COVID-19 public health graphs considered bad?
Missing axis labels, disordered dates, and inconsistent bar colours.
When should you use a table instead of a figure?
When summarising large amounts of numerical data without needing to show trends.
When is a figure more appropriate than a table?
When you want to highlight patterns, relationships, or comparisons visually.
What do the London Underground map examples show about visualisation?
Visualisations vary by purpose—clarity, geographic accuracy, or tourist landmarks can all drive design.
Can chartjunk ever be useful?
Yes—if it helps the audience achieve their goal, like finding landmarks on a tourist map.
