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QUESTION REVIEWER (1st year; 2nd sem) > ANSC 2 (Lecture) > Flashcards

ANSC 2 (Lecture) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the study of ANIMAL behavior in the animals’ natural habitat?

A

Ethology

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2
Q

Who is the founder of Ethology?

A

Konrad Lorenz

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3
Q

It is the rapid and irreversible learning that occurs within a few hours or days after birth. What is it called?

A

Imprinting

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4
Q

What are the 3 key components of domestication?

A

Living and freely reproducing
Under the care of man
For economic advantage

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5
Q

What is the normal marketable weight of a chicken?

A

1.5 - 1.8 kgs

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6
Q

Domestication comes from the latin word ________ which means __________.

A

“Domesticus” - “of the home”

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7
Q

What is the definition of Domestication?

A
  • To adapt the behavior of the animal to fit the needs of people.
  • Taming of a population of organisms in order to accentuate traits that are desirable.
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8
Q

Broilers are sold in the market usually when they reach 28-35 days. True or false?

A

True

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9
Q

What are the services of animals to man?

A
  • Food (milk, eggs, meat)
  • Ornaments and Clothing
  • Sports and Recreation
  • Conserve Soil and Soil Fertility
  • By-products
  • Stabilize Farm Economy
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10
Q

____________ is a term that includes all domesticated birds which render economic services to men.

A

Poultry

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11
Q

It is the science that deals with the study of birds.

A

Ornithology

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12
Q

Who is the Father of Poultry Science?

A

Dr. Francisco M. Fronda

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13
Q

What are the probably most domesticated birds in the world?

A

Chickens

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14
Q

What is the scientific name for Chickens?

A

Gallus gallus domesticus

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15
Q

__________ are the chickens that are about to lay eggs.

A

Pullets

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16
Q

What are the specialized fields in Poultry?

A
  • Breeder farm
  • Layer farm
  • Broiler farm
  • Hatchery
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17
Q

What are the five types of feathers?

A
  • Flight
  • Cover
  • Semi Filoplumes
  • Filoplumes
  • Downy feathers
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18
Q

What are the dilemmas faced by native chickens?

A
  • Retain the genetically inferior ones to reproduce
  • Raised under poor conditions
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19
Q

What are the 4 wild ancestors of chicken?

A
  • RED jungle fowl of Asia
  • GRAY jungle fowl
  • CEYLONESE/SRI LANKAN jungle fowl
  • JAVANESE BLACK/GREEN jungle fowl
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20
Q

What is the scientific name for the RED jungle fowl of Asia?

A

Gallus bankiva

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21
Q

What is the scientific name for GRAY jungle fowl?

A

Gallus sonnerati

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22
Q

What is the scientific name for CEYLONESE SRI LANKAN jungle fowl?

A

Gallus lafayetti

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23
Q

What is the scientific name for JAVANESE BLACK/GREEN jungle fowl?

A

Gallus varius

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24
Q

Distinguishing traits of breeds of Poultry species are?

A

Plumage color and pattern, comb type, and body size.

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25
Q

What are the different UTILITY CLASSIFICATIONS?

A
  • EGG type
  • MEAT type
  • GENERAL PURPOSE type / DUAL purpose
  • FANCY type
  • FIGHTING type
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26
Q

Give examples of EGG types of chickens.

A

Leghorn, Minorcas, Anconas, Mikawa

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27
Q

What are the characteristics of EGG type chickens?

A
  • Their comparatively SMALL SIZE
  • They lay LARGE, WHITE SHELLED eggs
  • They are very ACTIVE and NERVOUS IN TEMPERAMENT
  • They are NON-SITTERS
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28
Q

What are the characteristics of MEAT type chickens?

A
  • They are LARGE, SLOW IN MOVEMENT, QUIET and GENTLE IN DISPOSITION
  • They are POORER EGG LAYERS
  • They lay BROWN SHELLED EGGS
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29
Q

Give examples of MEAT types of chickens.

A

Brahmas, Cochin, Lagshans, Cornish, White Rocks

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30
Q

Give examples of GENERAL PURPOSE types of chickens.

A

New Hampshire, Rhode Island Red, Plymouth Rock, Lancaster, Nagoya, Cantonese

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31
Q

What are the characteristics of GENERAL PURPOSE type chickens?

A
  • MEDIUM-SIZED GOOD LAYERS
  • The young are FAST GROWERS
  • NOT NERVOUS AS THE EGG CLASS but MORE ACTIVE THAN THE MEAT CLASS
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32
Q

What are the characteristics of FANCY type chickens?

A
  • POSSESSING DECIDED BEAUTY OF PLUMAGE
  • Raised as ORNAMENTALS or PETS
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33
Q

Give examples of FANCY types of chickens.

A

Frizzle, Bantams, Long Tailed

34
Q

What are the characteristics of FIGHTING type chickens?

A
  • DEVELOPED BY NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL AFICIONADOS in this game.
35
Q

Give examples of FIGHTING types of chickens.

A

Ruble, Hulsay, Claret, Oasis

36
Q

What are the Four (4) Standard Classification of Chickens?

A
  • AMERICAN class
  • ASIATIC class
  • MEDITERRANEAN class
  • ENGLISH class
37
Q

What are the characteristics of the AMERICAN class and its examples?

A
  • Origin: America
  • Considered as BROWN EGG LAYERS WITH YELLOW SKIN
    Examples: Wyandottes, Lancaster, Rhode Island Red, New Hampshire
38
Q

What are the characteristics of the ASIATIC class and its examples?

A
  • Origin: Asia
  • With YELLOW SKIN, LARGE BODIES WHICH ARE SQUARELY SHAPED
    Examples: Brahmas, Cochin, Nagoya, Cantonese, Langshang
39
Q

What are the characteristics of the MEDITERRANEAN class and its examples?

A
  • Origin: Europe
  • SMALLER THAN AMERICAN AND ASIATIC class
  • CLEAN-LEGGED WITH WHITE CREAMY EARLOBES
    Examples: Leghorn, Minorcas, Anconas, Hambury, Polish, French
40
Q

What are the characteristics of the ENGLISH class and its examples?

A
  • Origin: English
  • For EGGS and MEAT production
  • Have EXCELLENT MEAT QUALITY
    Examples: Orpington, Dorkings, Cornish, Australops
41
Q

What is the origin of “Native” Chicken and its examples?

A
  • DESCENDANTS of those from CONTINENTAL ASIA
    Examples: Labuyo, Bolinao of Pangasinan, Banaba of Batangas, Camarines of BIcol, Paraokan of Palawan, Darag of Cebu
42
Q

What is Poultry Breeding?

A
  • A scientific practice that aims at the GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF THE BIRDS THROUGH SUCCESSIVE GENERATIONS by virtue of planned reproduction
  • Aim is TO IMPROVE THE PERFORMANCE OF THE FLOCK
43
Q

Selection is?

A

The process of choosing individuals to be parents of the next generations.

44
Q

What are the two types of Selection?

A

Natural Selection and Artificial Selection

45
Q

Define Natural Selection.

A

“Survival of the fittest”

46
Q

Define Artificial Selection.

A

The interference of man in achieving certain goals and personal ideas.

47
Q

What is Feed Conversion Efficiency (FCE)?

A
  • The amount of feeds given to chicks/chickens to make them gain weight (1 kilo)
48
Q

What are the systems of poultry breeding?

A
  • Inbreeding and Outbreeding
49
Q

Inbreeding is? What are the advantages and disadvantages of Inbreeding?

A

It is the mating of closely related individuals.
Advantage - used in developing superior strains of birds
Disadvantage - Abnormal Progeny

50
Q

Outbreeding is? What are the different types of Outbreeding?

A

It is the breeding of unrelated animals, with mating pairs possessing different ancestries or pedigree
Crossbreeding - The mating of two different breeds or two inbred lines
3- way Cross (Triple Crossing) - Involves 3 generation scheme of breeding
Upgrading - The mating of a purebred to native chicken

51
Q

What are the 3 ways of Triple Crossing?

A

GPS (Grand Parental Stocks) - Obtained from a long series of Inbreeding to produce a pure inbred
PS (Parental Stocks) - Product of crossing the inbred line
CS (Commercial Stocks) - Product of crossing 4 inbred lines

52
Q

What are the different systems of Poultry Mating?

A
  • Mass/ Flock mating
  • Pen mating
  • Stud mating
  • Artificial Insemination
53
Q

What is Mass / Flock mating?

A
  • It is the mating of large numbers of birds
  • High fertility rate (suggested for commercial production)
    1 male = 12 females (same pen)
    1 male = 15 females (breeder farm)
54
Q

What is Pen mating?

A
  • Lower fertility rate due to preferential mating
    1 male = 8 to 25 females in one pen
55
Q

What is Stud mating?

A
  • Mating of individuals with a male in a cage (common in game fowl breeder)
56
Q

What is Artificial Insemination?

A
  • A method wherein the semen is collected from superior males
57
Q

What is the scientific name of Pekin Duck?

A

Anas platyrnchos

58
Q

What is the scientific name of the Muscovy (Bibe)?

A

Cairina moschata

59
Q

What is the scientific name of Mallard (Itik)?

A

Anas boschas

60
Q

What is the scientific name of Turkey?

A

Maleagridis gallopavo

61
Q

What is the scientific name of Quail?

A

Coturnix coturnix

62
Q

What is the scientific name of Pigeon?

A

Columbia livia domestica

63
Q

What is the scientific name of Goose?

A

Cygnopsis cygnoides

64
Q

What is the scientific name of Pea Fowl?

A

Pavo cristatus

65
Q

What is the scientific name of Guinea Fowl?

A

Numida maleagris

66
Q

What is the scientific name of Swan?

A

Olor columbianus

67
Q

What is the scientific name of Ostrich?

A

Struthio camellus

68
Q

What are the abnormalities an egg can have?

A
  • Midget / Dwarf
  • Double-yolked
  • Egg within an egg
  • Eggs with dented shell
  • Soft-shelled eggs
69
Q

Define Midget / Dwarf egg abnormality.

A

Small eggs, relatively small yolk

70
Q

Define Double-yolked egg abnormality.

A

Two yolks may be ovulated at the same time

71
Q

Define Egg within an egg, egg abnormality.

A

When egg goes back

72
Q

Define Eggs with dented shells egg abnormality.

A

When the egg is kept too long in the Uterus and bumped with another egg

73
Q

Define Soft-shelled eggs, egg abnormality.

A

Eggs with Calcium deficiency

74
Q

Give the different Egg classifications.

A
  • Jumbo/ Extra Large (62g up)
  • Large (55g - 61g)
  • Medium (48g - 54g)
  • Small (41g - 47g)
  • Peewee (below 41g)
75
Q

What are the 2 two sexing chicks methods?

A

Vent method and Wing Method

76
Q

How long is the incubation period?

A

21 Days

77
Q

What is the suitable egg size for incubation?

A

58 g - ovoid size

78
Q

State the harvesting processes of eggs.

A
  • Collecting (3 -5 times a day)
  • Sorting / Grading (small, medium, large)
  • Marketing
79
Q

What is the mortality rate in poultry farms?

A

3.5%

80
Q

What is the interval time in laying eggs?

A

24 hours and 15 minutes to 25 hours

81
Q

How many weeks of age of Layer do they produce Peewee eggs?

A

18 - 20 weeks of age

82
Q

In a year, how many times could/should we harvest in Layers?

A

5 to 7 cycles

QUESTION REVIEWER (1st year; 2nd sem) (5 decks)

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