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QUESTION REVIEWER (1st year; 2nd sem) > CRPT 2 (Lecture) > Flashcards

CRPT 2 (Lecture) Flashcards

1
Q

What does IPM mean?

A

Integrated Pests Management

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2
Q

What are the multiple pest management tactics?

A

Biological, Chemical, Cultural, Mechanical

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3
Q

What are the multiple pests we should manage in IPM?

A

Insects, Weeds, Pathogens, Diseases, Nematodes, Vertebrates, etc.

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4
Q

State the importance of IPM.

A
  • It reduces pests to tolerable levels
  • It incorporates economic sustainability
  • It incorporates environmental and social concerns
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5
Q

What is Pest Management?

A
  • A process by which information is collected and used to make good management decisions to reduce pest population impacts in a planned coordinated way.
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6
Q

Pest Management requires?

A

Tolerance, Information, Strategy

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7
Q

What is IPM?

A

A system that maintains the population of any pests at/or below levels level that causes damage or loss, which minimizes adverse impacts on society and the environment.

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8
Q

According to IPM key points from Kogan, INTEGRATION means?

A

The harmonious use of multiple methods to control single pests as well as the impacts of multiple pests.

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9
Q

According to IPM key points from Kogan, PESTS were?

A

Any organism detrimental to humans.

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10
Q

According to IPM key points from Kogan, MANAGEMENT means?

A

A set of decisions or rules based on Ecological principles and economic and social considerations.

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11
Q

What are the goals of IPM?

A
  • Optimize profits
  • Sustain resource
  • More rational use of pesticides
  • Reduce environmental contamination and cost
  • Utilize natural biological control
  • Minimize resistance problems
  • Food and Worker safety
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12
Q

What are the key components of IPM?

A
  1. FARMERS - They are the primary decision-makers in implementing IPM strategies.
    They: PREVENT, MONITOR, AND INTERVENE
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13
Q

What are the two (2) basic decision categories in IPM?

A
  1. Tactical vs. Strategic
  2. Preventative (Prophylactic) vs. Curative (Therapeutic)
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14
Q

What are the four (4) types of STRATEGIES?

A
  • Do-nothing Strategy
  • Reduce pest numbers
  • Reduce host susceptibility to pest injury
  • Combine reduced pest populations with reduced host susceptibility
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15
Q

When should the Do-nothing strategy apply?

A

If the pest density is BELOW the economic threshold

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16
Q

When should the Reduce pest numbers strategy apply?

A

It is often employed in a therapeutic manner when populations REACH the economic threshold. It is to PREVENT damage from occurring during pest outbreaks

17
Q

How does Reducing host susceptibility to pest injury strategy works?

A

Host plant resistance or tolerance, MODIFICATION of environment, ADJUSTING a crop planting date.

18
Q

Combining reduced pest populations with reduced host susceptibility is?

A
  • The use of multiple strategies and tactics
19
Q

What is the IPM process?

A
  1. Proper Identification of Pest (What is it?)
  2. Monitor or Sample Environment for Pest Population (How many are here?)
  3. Establish Action Threshold (How many is too many?)
  4. Choose an Appropriate Implement (What strategies/ tactics should apply?)
  5. Evaluate Results (How did it work?)
20
Q

Why IPM?

A

It is an ECONOMICALLY JUSTIFIED and SUSTAINABLE system of crop protection. (for the best environmental benefits)

21
Q

What is the goal of IPM?

A

To keep the pest numbers below ETL instead of their eradication.

22
Q

What are the Constraints (Demerits) of IPM?

A
  • Institutional: Lack of coordination of faculties
  • Informational: Lack of IPM technology among farmers
  • Sociological: Lack of coordination in society
  • Economic: Farmers depend on pesticide dealers for pesticides on credit and information about pest control methods
  • Political: Lack of government support for insecticides
23
Q

What are the Potentials (Merit) of IPM?

A
  • Economic: Lower economic costs
  • Health: Low health hazards
  • Environmental Quality: No environmental pollution
  • Social and Political Stability: By utilization of local inputs
  • Local Knowledge: Indigenous farming, Traditional cultivation
  • Export of Agricultural Commodities: Produced through organic farming
  • Well suited for rural areas
24
Q

What is the role of Crop Protection Industry?

A
  • Research and Development
  • Training
  • Resistance Management
25
Q

What is a “pest”?

A
  • Any organism that INTERFERES with the activities and desires of humans. (DETRIMENTAL to humans)
  • Organisms that DIMINISH THE VALUE OF RESOURCES in which man is interested
  • All NOXIOUS AND DAMAGING ORGANISMS (insects, mites, pathogens, weeds, etc.)
  • Insects are “pests” when they’re SUFFICIENTLY NUMEROUS TO CAUSE ECONOMIC DAMAGE
  • Animal or Plant whose POPULATION DENSITY EXCEEDS SOME UNACCEPTABLE THRESHOLD LEVEL, RESULTING IN ECONOMIC DAMAGE
26
Q

PEST is not a _________ of a species but, rather, a species.

A

Property

27
Q

What are the four (4) things required to make a PEST?

A

Pest, Environment, Susceptible Host, Time

28
Q

In Pathosystem Concept, what must be present in order for an outbreak of disease?

A

Pathogen - Host - Environment

29
Q

In Pathosystem Concept, what leads to damage when it is right?

A

Pest - Crop - Environment

30
Q

It is the specific collection of pest species attacking a specific commodity or cropping system an any given time and location.

A

Pest Complex

QUESTION REVIEWER (1st year; 2nd sem) (5 decks)

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