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Anatomy Test 2 > ant. ab wall > Flashcards

ant. ab wall Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

boundaries of abdominal wall

A

diaphragm sup to pelvic diaphragm inf.

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2
Q

what marks pelvic brim

A

sup portion of iliac crest / Ant. Sup. Ilian Spine (ASIS)

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3
Q

what does pelvic brim seperate

A

abdominal and pelvic cavities

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4
Q

what’s another name for pelvic cavity proper?

A

lesser pelvis (as opposed to greater pelvis which is located superior to it)

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5
Q

vertical demarcation lines for 9 region stomach organization

A

mid clavicular lines

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6
Q

9 regions of the stomach

A 
Right Hypochondriac - superior Right
epigastric - superior center
left hypochondriac - superior left
right lateral - central right
umbelical - mid-central
left lateral - central left
right inguinal - inferior right
pubic - inferior middle
left inguinal - inferior left
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7
Q

2 ways to regionally organize the abdomen

A

quadrants or in 9 clinical sections

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8
Q

layers of anterolateral wall from superficial to deep

A 
skin
camper's fascia (superficial fatty layer)
Scarpa's fascia (deep membranous fascia)
deep investing fascia (epimysium)
external oblique
epimysium
internal oblique
epimysium
transversus abdominis
endo-abdominal fascia
extra parietal fat
parietal peritoneum
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9
Q

the peritoneum is continuous around the abdomen; however, when it’s lining the cavity it’s called _____ peritoneum but when it’s lining organs it’s called _______ peritoneum

A

parietal peritoneum

visceral peritoneum

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10
Q

what are the two components to external oblique and where does it attach?

A

muscular (lateral) and aponeurotic (medial)

attaches to the linea alba medially, seratus ant. sup and inguinal ligament inf.

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11
Q

the linea alba runs…

A

medially down the abdomen from the xyphoid process to the pubic tubercles

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12
Q

two vertical muscles of the abdomen

A

rectus abdominus and pyramidalis

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13
Q

what the rectus abdominus is broken up by…

A

tendinous intersections

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14
Q

fcn of abdominal mm?

A

compress/support the abdominal viscera, trunkal flexion, & rotation
vertical muscles also stabilize and tilt pelvis

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15
Q

insertion and special fcn of pyramidalis?

A

inserts on linea alba, tenses linea alba

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16
Q

fcn of rectus sheath

A

envelops rectus abdominus and pyramidalis mm.

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17
Q

what and where is the arcuate line?

A

where the structure of the rectus sheath changes, it’s midways between the umbilicus and pubic pymphysis

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18
Q

superior to the arcuate line how is the rectus abdominus structured?

A

ant. rectus abdominus is composed of external oblique aponeurosis and half of internal oblique apo.
post. rectus abdominus is composed of half of internal oblique apo., transversus abdominus apo. and transversalius fascia with the extra peritoneal fat and perietal peritoneum

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19
Q

inferior to the arcuate line how is the rectus abdominus structured?

A

ant. rectus abdominus is composed of external oblique aponeurosis, internal oblique apo. and transversus abdominus apo.
post. rectus abdominus is composed transversalius fascia with the extra peritoneal fat and perietal peritoneum

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20
Q

median umbilical fold extends from where and covers what?

A

bladder inferiorly to umbilicus and covers median umbilical ligament

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21
Q

what is the median umbilical ligament

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A

the obliterated euracus (from embryo)

22
Q

medial umbilical folds run where and covering what?

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A

run above medial umbilical ligaments (occluded parts of umbilical aa) just lateral to median umbilical ligament

23
Q

fcn of lateral umbilical fold

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A

covers inferior epigastric vessels

24
Q

circumflex iliac a. is a br. of… and supplies…

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A

femoral a.
supplies region of inguinal ligament
(circumflex v. drains same region into femoral v.)

25
epigastric a. is a br. of... and supplies...
femoral a. supplies abdomen inf. to umbilicus (epigastric v. drains same region into femoral v.)
26
superficial vessels of the abdomen are the ... and run within the...
circumflex and epigastric | superficial fat and fascia
27
deep circumflex iliac vessels are branches off ____, run between______ and supply _______
external iliac Internal oblique and transversus abdominus sup: inferolateral abdominal mm.
28
inferior epigastric vessels run are branches off ____, runs w/in ______ and supplies _____
external iliac lateral abdominal fold rectus abdominus mm
29
where does inferior epigastric enter posterior rectus sheath?
arcuate line
30
inferior epigastric vessels anastomose with...
superior epigastric vessels
31
sup epigastric vessels are a br off the _____ enter _______ lat to sternum supplies _______ and anastomoses with________
br. off internal thoracic enters posterior rectus sheath lat to sternum supp: upper rectus abdominus mm anastomoses with inferior epigastric
32
origination/drainage, fcn, and path of musculophrenic vessels
or: internal thoracic vessels path: descends along costal cartilages fcn: supplies upper abdominal mm and diaphragm
33
area below the 12th rib is called...
subcostal space
34
injury to what 3 nn weakens mm in inguinal region? what's clinical prob with this?
T11, T12 and L1, prob b/c increases risk for direct inguinal hernia
35
what are nn of abdominal wall?
lateral and medial branches of ventral rami of T7-L1 spinal nn
36
distribution of nn of abdominal wall
T7-T9 above umbilicus T10 = level of umbilicus T11-L1 = below umbilicus All run between Internal oblique and transversus abdominus mm.
37
describe location of inguinal region
inferior lat. abdominal region superior to thigh, medial to ilium, lateral to pubic bone between ant. sup. iliac spine (ASIS) and pubic tubercle
38
structures of inguinal region
inguinal ligament, canal, superficial and deep rings of the inguinal canal and walls of the canal
39
what is the inguinal ligament composed of and where is it connected
folded inferior border of the external oblique aponeurosis and extends from ant. sup. iliac spine to pubic tubercle
40
where is inguinal canal
against ant abdominal wall running obliquely and parallel and sup. to inguinal ligament
41
contents of inguinal canal
ilioinguinal n. (L1) | spermatic cord or round ligament of the uterus
42
where are the openings of inguinal canal?
superficial ring: opening in external oblique aponeurosis lateral to pubic tubercle deep ring: subtle opening in transversalis fascia just lat to inf epigastric vessels
43
components of inguinal canal walls
ant: external oblique aponeurosis post wall: transversalis fascia and conjoint tendon roof: internal oblique and transversalis abdominus floor: inguinal ligament
44
conjoint tendon is the fusion of
internal oblique and transversus abdominus aponeuroses.
45
what's an abdominal hernia?
outpouching of abdominal viscera w/in a sac
46
what're the 3 layers of a hernial sac?
perioneum extraperitoneal fat and transversalis fascia
47
route of indirect inguinal hernia
extends thru entire inguinal canal, lateral to inferior epigastric vessels to enter scrotum or labia majora
48
differences in inguinal hernias for men vs. women
called canal of nuck in women most common type overall but esp common in men usually from persistent processus vaginalis connecting peritoneum w/ descended testes in men
49
what are the borders of hesselbach's triangle?
``` sup/lat = inf epigastric a. med = rectus abdominus m inf/lat = inguinal canal ```
50
path of direct inguinal hernia
thru inguinal triangle thru conjoint tendon or @ superficial ring medial to inferior epigastric vessels does not enter scrotum/labia majora
51
direct inguinal hernias are typically associated with...
weakened abdominal wall
52
types of abdominal hernias and what they pass through and who typically gets them
femoral = thru femoral ring, more common in women (b/c have wider femoral ring) umbilical hernia = thru umbilical ring, common in newborns and pregnant/obese women epigastric hernia = thru linea alba common in older obese people

Anatomy Test 2 (6 decks)

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