Peritoneum and upper abdomen

Question 1

descibe peritoneum

Answer 1

thin translucent serous membrane that lines the inner abdominal wall cont. w/ visceral peritoneum

Question 2

vessels w/in the abdomen are generally located….

Answer 2

between the peritoneal layers

Question 3

what is the paritoneal cavity

Answer 3

potential space coated w/ serous fluid between viseral and parietal paritoneum that lets organs move

Question 4

if the peritoneal space becomes an actual space it can fill with…

Answer 4

ascites (several liters of fluid), gas and microbes

Question 5

lesser omentum is formed from…

Answer 5

hepatoduodenal ligament and hepatogastric ligament

Question 6

hepatogastric ligament is…

Answer 6

a double layered fold of peritoneum connecting the liver and stomach stabalizing it

Question 7

what runs w/in the hepatoduodenal ligament?

Answer 7

portal triad

Question 8

what’s included in the portal triad?

Answer 8

hepatic artery
bile duct
hepatic portal vein

Question 9

greater omentum extends from…

Answer 9

greater curvature of stomach down over small intestines then reattaches at transverse colon

Question 10

what’s the apron part of the greater omentum called? and how many layer is it?

Answer 10

gastrocolic ligament - 4 layers which are almost completely fused

Question 11

fcn and probs of greater omentum

Answer 11

walls off infections and inflammation but can result in adhesions which limit movement

Question 12

what’s the omental bursa

Answer 12

opening w/in lesser omentum

Question 13

where does lesser omentum attach

Answer 13

lesser curvature of stomach and duodeum and liver

Question 14

where is epiploic foramen and what does it open into

Answer 14

lateral to hepatoduodenal ligament and opens into omental bursa

Question 15

what double layered fan shaped structure connectus the sm intestines to post wall?

Answer 15

mesentary proper

Question 16

what sections of the small intestines does the mesentary proper anchor?

Answer 16

everything from the duodenojejunal jcn to the ileocecal jcn

Question 17

what anchors the duodenum to the posterior wall?

Answer 17

suspensory ligament of treitz

Question 18

where does the suspensory ligament of treitz attach?

Answer 18

from the right crux of the diaphragm to duodenum at duodenojejunal jcn

Question 19

what does the mesocolon anchor?

Answer 19

sigmoid and transverse colon to the posterior abdominal wall can be differentiated into transverse mesocolon and sigmoid mesocolon

Question 20

how are the ascending and descending colons attached to the posterior wall?

Answer 20

directly

Question 21

fcn of falciform ligament

Answer 21

divides liver into R and L loves and anchors it to the diaphragm and anterior body wall

Question 22

what is located at the inferior border of the falciform ligament?

Answer 22

round ligament of the liver (obliterated umbelical vein)

Question 23

what is the coronary ligament

Answer 23

reflections of peritoneum around the bare area of the liver that attach it to the inferior surface of the diaphragm

Question 24

where is the bare area of the liver

Answer 24

upper posterior area of the liver it can touch the diaphragm

Question 25

what peritoneal pouches become actual spaces when a patient lies recumbant

Answer 25

hepatorenal and rectovesical (or rectouterine) pouch - why it's important for patients to get up and move after surgery

Question 26

what is the hepatorenal pouch bounded by

Answer 26

liver, R kidney, colon and duodenum

Question 27

fcn of spleen

Answer 27

produces lymphocytes and filters blood

Question 28

where is bile produced?

Answer 28

liver

Question 29

what generally defines the functional right and left of the liver?

Answer 29

inferior vena cava

Question 30

which areas of the liver are diaphragmatic and which are visceral

Answer 30

visceral is post and inf | diaphragmatic is sup and ant

Question 31

what divides the gastric and caudate lobes of the liver?

Answer 31

attacment of lesser omentum

Question 32

where does the gallbladder attach and what does it contact?

Answer 32

attached to the inf surface of the liver and contacts the duodenum, colon and ant abdominal wall

Question 33

what are the ducts assoc with the gall bladder and what do they do

Answer 33

cystic duct - supplies and drains the gall bladder by connecting it to the other ducts common hepatic duct - brings bile into it bile duct takes bile away

Question 34

what organ does the bile duct drain into

Answer 34

duodenum through the major duodenal papilla

Question 35

path of bile

Answer 35

R and L hepatic ducts then common hepatic duct then cystic then gall bladder then bile duct behind duodenum then joins with main pancreatic duct and empties through major duodenal papilla

Question 36

parts of the pancreas

Answer 36

head, neck body, tail and uncinate process

Question 37

where does the minor pancreatic duct drain?

Answer 37

minor duodenal papilla

Question 38

where is the diaphragmatic surface of the spleen

Answer 38

diaphragmatic surface contacts the diaphrgam along ribs 9-11

Question 39

what are the areas of the visceral surface of the spleen?

Answer 39

gastric colic, and renal it also touches the pancreas

Question 40

what is the hilum of the spleen?

Answer 40

area where the spleen isnt intra paritoneal and vessels enter and exit

Question 41

what's the first major br of the abd aorta

Answer 41

celiac trunk

Question 42

what does the celiac trunk supply

Answer 42

liver gallbladder esophagus stomach pancreas and spleen

Question 43

what are the three major branches off the ciliac trunk and what do they supply

Answer 43

R- common hepatic - gall bladder and liver sup - L gastric - stomach and inf. esophagus L - splenic - supplies pancreas and spleen

Question 44

what are the 2 branches off the common hepatic a.

Answer 44

proper hapatic a and gastroduodental a

Question 45

path of proper hepatic a.

Answer 45

sup to gastroduodenal runs toward liver runs medial to common bile duct and superficial to portal v. splits into R and L hepatic aa

Question 46

path of gastroduodenal a.

Answer 46

runs toward jcn of stomach and duodenum sends sup. pancreaticoduodenal a. and R gastroepiploic a to follow greater curvature of the stomach also sends off supraduodenal a to sup portion of the duodenum

Question 47

what are the branches of the splenic a

Answer 47

short gastric aa | L gastroepipolic to supply greater curvature of the stomach

Question 48

what percentage of people have variations of hepatic aa?

Answer 48

40%

Question 49

what are the variations of the cystic a? and what are the complications?

Answer 49

75% run post to common hepatic duct 24 % run ant 1 % runs both prob is that it can get choked sometimes