Antenatal - Pregnancy overview, lifestyle advice & booking in clinic Flashcards
(29 cards)
define Last Menstrual Period (LMP)
date of the first day of the most recent menstrual period
define gestational age (GA)
duration of the pregnancy starting from the date of the last menstrual period
define estimated date of delivery (EDD)
estimated date of delivery - 40 weeks gestation
define gravida (G)
total number of pregnancies a woman has had
define primigravida
patient that is pregnant for the first time
define multigravida
patient that is pregnant for at least the second time
define para (P)
number of times the woman has given birth after 24 weeks gestation, regardless of whether fetus was alive or stillborn
define nuliparous (nullip)
a patient that has NEVER given birth after 24 weeks gestation
define primiparous
a patient that has given birth after 24 weeks gestation once before
define multiparous (multip)
a patient that has given birth after 24 weeks gestation 2 or more times
what constitutes the 3 semesters
1st - start to 12 weeks
2nd - 13 weeks -26 weeks
3rd - 27 weeks until birth
when do fetal movements usually start?
around 20 weeks gestation
what 2 vaccines are offered to all pregnant women?
whooping cough - from 16 weeks gestation
influenza - when available in autumn or winter
what vaccines should be avoided in pregnancy?
live vaccines such as MMR
what are some key milestones during pregnancy
what are some additional appointments that some women may require?
- additional appointments for high risk/complicated pregnancies
- oral glucose tolerance test in women at risk of gestational diabetes
- anti-D injections in rhesus negative women
- ultrasound scan at 32 weeks for women with placenta praevia on anomaly scan
- serial growth scans offered to women at increased risk of fetal growth restriction
what happens are routine antenatal appointments?
- discuss plans for remaining pregnancy and delivery
- symphysis-fundal height measurements from 24 weeks onwards
- fetal presentation assessment from 36 weeks
- urine dipstick from protein for pre-eclampsia
- blood pressure for pre eclampsia
- urine for microscopy and culture for asymptomatic bacteriuria
what general lifestyle advice is given to pregnant women?
- folic acid 400mcg from before pregnancy
- take vit D supplement
- avoid vit A supplements and eating liver or pate
- don’t smoke or drink
- avoid unpasteurised dairy or blue cheese
- avoid undercooked or raw poultry
- moderate exercise but avoid contact sports
- sex is safe
- flying increases risk of VTE
- place seat belts above or below bump not across it
why is alcohol bad in pregnancy?
can cross the placenta, enter fetus and disrupt fetal development - fetal alcohol syndrome
what are some specific risks of alcohol in early pregnancy?
Miscarriage
small for dates
preterm delivery
fetal alcohol syndrome
what is fetal alcohol syndrome? and what are the features?
refers to certain characteristics that can occur in children of mothers that consumed alcohol during pregnancy. features:
- microcephaly
- thin upper lip
- smooth flat philtrum
- short palpebral fissure
- learning disability
- behavioural difficulties
- hearing and vision problems
- cerebral palsy
what are the risks of smoking in pregnancy?
- fetal growth restriction (FGR)
- miscarriage
- stillbirth
- preterm labour and delivery
- placental abruption
- pre-eclampsia
- cleft lip or palate
- sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
what is RCOG advice regarding flying in pregnancy?
flying is okay in uncomplicated health pregnancies up to 37 weeks in single pregnancy and 32 weeks in twins
after 28 weeks gestation most airlines need a note from a midwife/GP/obstetrician to state pregnancy is going well and there are no additional risks
what is booking clinic and when does it?
initial appointment to discuss pregnancy and arrange plans for pregnancy ideally before 10 weeks gestation
meet midwife to discuss pregnancy and they will get a greenbook
