antepartum discomfort

Question 1

Caused by elevated levels of
human chorionic
gonadotropin and other
pregnancy hormones as well
as changes in carbohydrate
metabolism

Answer 1

Nausea and Vomiting

Question 2

NAUSEA AND VOMITING
NURSING INTERVENTIONS

Answer 2

N - o brushig of teeth after arising
A - void spicy and fried foods
U- se of herbal and Accupuncture- Ask your doctor
S - mall frequent, low fat feeding, Liquid in between
E - at dry crackers before arising
A- nti-emetic medications as prescribed

Question 3

NAUSEA AND VOMITING
NURSING DIAGNOSIS

Answer 3

Risk for Fluid Volume Deficit

Question 3

occurs in the first trimester;
supine hypotension occurs
particularly in the second and third trimesters.

Answer 3

SYNCOPE

Question 4

SYNCOPE
NURSING INTERVENTIONS

Answer 4

C.O.P.E.
C- hange position carefully
O - h no! Supine position, Supine Hypotension!
P-ressure of Uterus in Inferior vena Cava.
E - levate legs while sitting

Question 4

increased blood
volume, anemia, fatigue, sudden
position changes, or lying supine

Answer 4

syncope

Question 4

SYNCOPE
NURSING DIAGNOSIS

Answer 4

Risk for Injury
Ineffective Tissue Perfusion
Knowledge deficit

Question 5

Caused by
pressure of the
uterus on the
bladder

Answer 5

URINARY FREQUENCY
AND URGENCY

Question 6

URINARY FREQUENCY AND URGENCY
NURSING INTERVENTIONS

Answer 6

K.I.D.N.E.Y
K - egel’s exercise
I - ntake of fluid in evening - LIMIT IT!
D- rink no less than 2000ml/day
N- ight time - side lying position
E- mpty bladder regularly
Y - ou wear Perineal pads if necessary

Question 7

URINARY FREQUENCY AND URGENCY
NURSING DIAGNOSIS

Answer 7

Risk for Infection
Impaired Urinary
Elimination

Question 8

Caused by
increased levels
of estrogen and
progesterone

Answer 8

BREAST TENDERNESS

Question 9

BREAST TENDERNESS
NURSING INTERVENTIONS

Answer 9

B.B. BRA.
B - reast - don’t wash with soap - can cause drying
B- reast examination for fissures, abscess
BRA - wide strap, supporter bra

Question 10

BREAST TENDERNESS
NURSING DIAGNOSIS

Answer 10

Risk for Infection
Altered Comfort: Pain
Hyperthermia

Question 11

Caused by
hypertrophy and
thickening of the
vaginal mucosa and
increased mucus
production

Answer 11

INCREASED VAGINAL
DISCHARGE

Question 12

INCREASED VAGINAL DISCHARGE
NURSING INTERVENTIONS:

Answer 12

K.E.P.S
K - oton underwear
E - ndi gid mag Douche!
P- roper cleansing and Hygiene
S - ee a doctor if infection occurs

Question 13

NASAL STUFFINESS
NURSING DIAGNOSIS

Answer 13

INEFFECTIVE BREATHING
PATTERN
INEFFECTIVE AIRWAY
CLEARANCE

Question 13

INCREASED VAGINAL DISCHARGE
NURSING DIAGNOSIS:

Answer 13

RISK FOR INFECTION

Question 13

Results from increased estrogen, which causes edema of the nasal tissues and dryness

Answer 13

NASAL STUFFINESS

Question 14

NASAL STUFFINESS
NURSING INTERVENTION

Answer 14

Encouraging the use of a humidifier
Avoiding the use of nasal sprays
or antihistamines (the HCP should
be consulted about their use)

Question 15

Occurs usually in
the first and third
trimesters
Usually results from
hormonal changeS

Answer 15

FATIGUE

Question 16

FATIGUE
NURSING INTERVENTIONS

Answer 16

K.A.P.O.Y.
K- eep frequent rest periods throughout the day
A - void eating food containing stimulants
P -erform muscle strengthening and leg relaxation
O - btain regular exercise
Y - es to Correct posture and body mechanics

Question 17

FATIGUE
NURSING DIAGNOSIS

Answer 17

Fatigue
ACTIVITY INTOLERANCE
RISK FOR INJURY

Question 18

Results from increased
progesterone levels,
decreased gastrointestinal
motility, esophageal reflux,
and displacement of the
stomach by the enlarging
uterus

Answer 18

HEARTBURN

Question 19

HEARTBURN
NURSING INTERVENTIONS

Answer 19

H- ealth care provider need to know about antacids
E - at small, frequent feedings, drink milk between
meals
A -void fatty and spicy food
R-est, Upright sitting position 30minutes after meals
T- ailor sitting exercise

Question 20

HEARTBURN NURSING DIAGNOSIS:

Answer 20

Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements Acute Pain Imbalanced Nutrition: More Than Body Requirements Risk for Aspiration Deficient Knowledge

Question 21

Results from vasodilation, venous stasis, and increased venous pressure below the uterus

Answer 21

ANKLE EDEMA

Question 22

ANKLE EDEMA NURSING INTERVENTIONS

Answer 22

A- VOID standing and sitting in long periods N- ice to elevate your legs while resting 2x a day K- eep wearing supportive hose or stockings L- ie in side-lying when sleeping

Question 23

ANKLE EDEMA NURSING DIAGNOSIS

Answer 23

FLUID VOLUME EXCESS ACUTE PAIN ACTIVITY INTOLERANCE

Question 24

Result from weakening walls of the veins or valves and venous congestion

Answer 24

VARICOSE VEINS

Question 25

Usually occur in the second and third trimesters Result from increased venous pressure and constipation

Answer 25

HEMORRHOIDS

Question 25

VARICOSE VEINS NURSING DIAGNOSIS

Answer 25

ACUTE PAIN ACTIVITY INTOLERANCE RISK FOR INJURY

Question 25

VARICOSE VEINS NURSING INTERVENTION

Answer 25

V.E.I.N.S V - ein support leg stockings or hose, non-constricting E - levate feet when resting I - n lying, elevate feets and hips N - o long period of standing and LEG CROSSING S - tand and move, to improve circulation

Question 26

Usually considered benign in the first trimester. May need further investigation if occurring in the second and third trimesters Result from changes in blood volume and vascular tone

Answer 26

HEADACHES

Question 26

HEADACHES NURSING INTERVENTIONS:

Answer 26

A -pply cold cloth in the forehead C- hanging position slowly H - CP prescribed acetaminophen E - ating small snacks

Question 27

HEADACHES NURSING DIAGNOSIS

Answer 27

ACUTE PAIN ALTERED COMFORT: PAIN

Question 28

Hemorrhoids nursing interventions

Answer 28

Soaking in a warm sitz bath Sitting on a soft pillow Eating high-fiber foods and drinking sufficient fluids to avoid constipation Increasing exercise, such as walking Applying ointments, suppositories, or compresses as prescribed by the HCP

Question 29

HEMORRHOIDS NURSING DIAGNOSIS

Answer 29

ACUTE PAIN ALTERED COMFORT: PAIN INEFFECTIVE BOWEL ELIMINATION

Question 30

CONSTIPATION NURSING DIAGNOSIS

Answer 30

INEFFECTIVE BOWEL ELIMINATION CONSTIPATION

Question 30

CONSTIPATION NURSING INTERVENTIONS:

Answer 30

Eating high-fiber foods such as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables Drinking no less than 2000 mL per day Exercising regularly, such as a daily 20- minute walk Consulting with the HCP about interventions such as the use of stool softeners, laxatives, or enemas

Question 30

Results from an increase in progesterone produc tion, decreased intestinal motility, displacement of the intestines, pressure of the uterus, and taking iron supplements

Answer 30

CONSTIPATION

Question 31

Caused by an exaggerated lumbosacral curve resulting from an enlarged uterus Risk for falls; teach to move about slowly

Answer 31

BACKACHE

Question 32

BACKACHE NURSING INTERVENTION

Answer 32

L.I.K.O.D L- ie on a firm mattress especially sleeping I- nitiate Pelvic-rock exercises and relaxation techniques K- eep in mind, correct body mechanics and posture O- btain rest D - eal with low-heeled, comfortable, and supportive shoe

Question 33

BACKACHE NURSING DIAGNOSIS

Answer 33

RISK FOR INJURY ACUTE PAIN ALTERED COMFORT: PAIN ACTIVITY INTOLERANCE

Question 34

Result from an altered calciumphosphorus balance and pressure of the uterus on nerves or from fatigue

Answer 34

LEG CRAMPS

Question 35

Result from an altered calciumphosphorus balance and pressure of the uterus on nerves or from fatigue

Answer 35

Leg cramps

Question 36

leg cramps

Answer 36

C.R.M.P. C - alcium intake increase R - egular exercise M - aintain walking exercise P - erform Dorsiflexion of the affected leg

Question 37

Can occur in the second and third trimesters Results from pressure on the diaphragm from the enlarged uterus

Answer 37

SHORTNESS OF BREATHING

Question 38

SHORTNESS OF BREATHING NURSING INTERVENTION

Answer 38

Taking frequent rest periods Sitting and sleeping with the head elevated or on the side Avoiding overexertion

Question 39

SHORTNESS OF BREATHING

Answer 39

INEFFECTIVE BREATHING PATTERN