anterior abdominal wall

Question 1

what are the functions of the anterior abdominal wall muscles

Answer 1

movement and increasing intra-abdominal pressure

Question 2

what supplies the skin of the lower abdominal wall

Answer 2

iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal

Question 3

what supplies the antero-lateral abdominal wall skin

Answer 3

intercostal and subcostal

Question 4

what supplies internal/external oblique and transversus abdominis

Answer 4

intercostal 7-11, subcostal, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal

Question 5

what supplies pyramidalis

Answer 5

subcostal

Question 6

what dermatome lies at the level of the xiphisternum, the umbilicus and teh pubic tubercle

Answer 6

6,10,12

Question 7

what do the fibres of external oblique thicken to form

Answer 7

inguinal ligament

Question 8

how do the fibres of internal oblique relate to the inguinal ligament

Answer 8

originate from lateral third
form roof of inguinal canal
form posterior wall as conjoint tendon

Question 9

how do fibres of transversus abdominis relate to the inguinal ligament

Answer 9

superior to deep inguinal ring, roof and then posterior wall as conjoint tendon

Question 10

what and where is the conjoint tendon

Answer 10

union of IO and TA

runs posterior to superficial inguinal ring

Question 11

what and where is transversalis fascia

Answer 11

thin connective tissue layer between TA and parietal peritoneum, thickest at inguinal canal

Question 12

define linea alba

Answer 12

tendinous median line on anterior abdominal wall

Question 13

define linea semilunaris

Answer 13

curved tendinous intersection on either side of rectus abdominis muscle

Question 14

what passes through the inguinal canal

Answer 14

spermadic cord/ round ligament of uterus, ilioinguinal nerve, the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve

Question 15

from what is the tunica vaginalis derived? How?

Answer 15

serous covering the testes

derived from processus vaginais

Question 16

what is the cremasteric reflex

Answer 16

reflex observed when superomedial portion of the thigh is stroked

Question 17

what does the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve supply?

Answer 17

females-labia majora and mons pubis

males-cremaster and skin of scrotum

Question 18

how does the ilioinguinal nerve enter the inguinal canal?

Answer 18

runs within the layers of TA and IO

Question 19

what is a hernia

Answer 19

protrusion of structure though body cavity in which it is normally contained

Question 20

what is an indirect hernia

Answer 20

protrusion of small intestine though anterior abdominal wall at level of deep inguinal ring

Question 21

what is a direct hernia

Answer 21

protrusion of small intestine though anterior abdominal wall at level of superficial inguinal ring