midline structures of the pelvis Flashcards
(27 cards)
why does pus tend to accumulate in rectovesical or rectouterine pouches
when upright these pouches are the lowest part of the peritoneal cavity so fluid collects here
what happens when a badder gets full
it buldges upwards, above the pelvic brim
what is suprapubic catheterisation
catheter inserted via small hole a few inches below belly button
what are teh advantages of a suprapubic catheter
no damage to urethra
less likely to be displaced
less likely to be infected
short healing time after removal
what is the posterior relation to the base of the bladder in males/females
rectum/vagina and cervix
what is the trigone bounded by
two ureteric openings superolaterally
urethral opening inferiorly
how is the trigone unlike the rest of the bladder
always smooth with no folds (rugae)
in males, which structure separates the bladder neck from pelvic floor
prostate
what is the normal capacity for the bladder
approximately 500ml
what is the blood supply to the bladder
superior vesical arteries
males-inferior vesicle arteries
females-vaginal arteries
what is the nerve supply to the bladder
sympathetics via hypogastric plexuses
parasympathetic via pelvic splanchnic nerves
what effect does the parasympathic stimulation have on the muscle of the bladder
Constriction of upper detrusor muscle. Relaxation of lower trigone region, and internal urethral sphincter
how do the secretions from the prostate reach the urethra
via the prostate ducts, open into the prostatic sinuses either side of the seminal colliculus
How might the prostate be approached surgically without opening the peritoneal cavity
TURP
done with resectoscope which passes up urethra
What is the route of the vas deferens
epididymus of testes–> spermadic cord–> over pelvic brim–> unites with seminal vesicle–>ejaculatory duct
what is a vasectomy
vas deferens looped then cut and tied within the scrotum
What structures provide mechanical support for the uterus within the pelvis
round, ovarian, broad and suspensory ligaments
what are fibroids
benign tumour of fibrous/muscular wall of uterus
‘water flows under the bridge’ is a useful way to remember what relationship
ureter goes under the uterine artery
the round ligament is the remenent of what embryological structure
gubernaculum
Where do the ovarian arteries originate
aorta at L2
which nerve lies adjacent to the ovary on the lateral wall of the pelvis
obturator
What structures can be palpated anterior to the vagina
bladder, fundus and urethra
What structures can be palpated posterior to the vagina
rectum
