Anterior abdominal wall and peritoneum

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

From superficial to deep, what structures are in the:

• Upper right abdominal quadrant
• Upper left abdominal quadrant
• Lower right abdominal quadrant
• Lower left abdominal quadrant

Answer 3

• S: liver, body/antrum of stomach, half of transverse colon, some of small intestine; D: Gallbladder, duodenum, part of pancreas
• S: Fundus and body of stomach, half transverse colon, part of small intestine; D: pancreas, spleen
• S: Small intestine; D: Ascending colon
• S: small intestine; D: descending colon

Question 4

Which quadrant would you palate if concerned about appendicitis?

Answer 4

Lower right

Question 5

Where are the kidneys located with respect to costal margin and upper quadrants?

Answer 5

Question 6

The abdominal aorta bifurfaces at level of […]

Answer 6

Umbilicus

Question 7

Answer 7

Question 8

Answer 8

Question 9

Answer 9

Question 10

For each structure:

• Name
• Action
• Innervation

Answer 10

Question 11

For each structure:

• Name
• Action
• Innervation

Answer 11

Question 12

For each structure:

• Name
• Action
• Innervation

Answer 12

Question 13

For each structure:

• Name
• Action
• Innervation

Answer 13

Question 14

Answer 14

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

Where is the arcuate line?

Answer 16

Halfway between umbilicus and pubic bone

Question 17

Answer 17

Question 18

Answer 18

Question 19

For each structure:

• What is the name
• What is it a branch of
• Where does it travel in abdomen

Answer 19

Question 20

What vessel assists in providing blood to the anterior abdominal if a patient has had a CABG (coronary artery bypass graft) surgery?

Answer 20

Inferior epigastric

Question 21

Answer 21

Question 22

Answer 22

Question 23

Inferior to the arcuate line, the anterior rectus sheath is made up which tissue layers?

Answer 23

EO aponeurosis + IO aponeurosis + transversus abdominis aponeurosis

Question 24

Inferior to the arcuate line, the posterior rectus abdomins sheath is […]

Answer 24

Non existant - only the transversalis fascia is posterior to the RA inferior to arcuate line

Question 25

Superior to arcuate line, the anterior rectus sheath is composed of what structures?

Answer 25

EO aponeurosis + anterior 1/2 of IO aponeurosis

Question 26

Superior to arcuate line, the posterior rectus sheath is composed of what structures?

Answer 26

posterior 1/2 of IO aponeurosis + transversus abdominis aponeurosis

Question 27

For each structure: * What is the name * What is contained in the fold

Answer 27

Question 28

The medial umbilical fold contains the obliterated remains of what structure?

Answer 28

Umbilical artery

Question 29

The median fold contains the obliterated remains of what structure?

Answer 29

Urachus

Question 30

The lateral fold contains what structure?

Answer 30

Epigastric vessels

Question 31

Answer 31

Question 32

What provides the innervation to the skin of the anterior abdominal wall?

Answer 32

Ventral rami spinal nerves T7-T12

Question 33

Answer 33

Question 34

What is diastasis recti?

Answer 34

Question 35

Label image. Also, what is the peritoneum?

Answer 35

Question 36

Answer 36

Question 37

What's the difference between an intraperitoneal organ, primary retroperitoneal organ, and secondary retroperitoneal organ?

Answer 37

Intraperitoneal = organ that developed by growing into the peritoneum. As such, can be freely moved around in body during dissection/surgery. Primary retro = developed behind peritoneum, cannot be moved around Secondary retro = developed behind peritoneum but got pushed into peritoneum during development, in between level of movement from other 2

Question 38

Label image. Also, what is the mesentery?

Answer 38

Double fold of visceral peritoneum that attaches small bowel to abdominal wall

Question 39

What is the greater omentum? What does it connect?

Answer 39

* Double fold of double-layered peritoneum forming a 4-layered apron over the intestines * Connects from stomach to transverse colon

Question 40

What is the lesser omentum? What does it connect?

Answer 40

* Double fold of peritoneum * Connects liver to stomach; two parts: hepatogastric ligament + hepatoduodenal ligament

Question 41

Answer 41

Question 42

Answer 42

Question 43

What is the predominant structure shown in this image?

Answer 43

Greater omentum

Question 44

Answer 44

Question 45

True/false: The entire small intestine is intraperitoneal.

Answer 45

False

Question 46

True/false: the pancreas is intraperitoneal.

Answer 46

False - retro

Question 47

True/false: the spleen is intraperitoneal.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

True/false: the gallbladder is retroperitoneal

Answer 48

False - intraperitoneal

Question 49

True/false: the liver is retroperitoneal.

Answer 49

False - intra

Question 50

Answer 50

Question 51

What is ascites?

Answer 51

Question 52

Why can the peritoneal cavity be used in treatment of hydrocephaly?

Answer 52

Question 53

What is peritonitis?

Answer 53

Innervation here is important

Question 54

Which organs are retroperitoneal?

Answer 54

Question 55

Within the abdomen, which organs are intraperitoneal?

Answer 55

* Stomach * Small intestines (jejunum, ileum, some of duodenum) * Spleen * Liver * Gallbladder * Cecum * Appendix * Large intestine (transverse and sigmoid colons)