Anterior and Medial Thigh

Question 1

Function of Anterior Compartment

Answer 1

flexes hip, extends knee joint

Question 2

Function of the Medial Compartment

Answer 2

adducts the hip

Question 3

Function of the Posterior Compartment

Answer 3

extends the hip and flexes at the knee

Question 4

Name the hip flexor muscles

Answer 4

Iliacus; Psoas Major; Pectineus; Sartorius

Question 5

Name the knee extender muscles

Answer 5

4 Quadriceps: Rectus Femoris; Vastus Medialis, Lateralis and Intermedius

Question 6

Which nerve innervates Iliacus?

Answer 6

Femoral nerve (L2, L3)

Question 7

Attachment sites of Iliacis?

Answer 7

Origin: iliac crest, fossa, ala of sacrum and anterior sacroiliac ligament
Insertion: Creates iliopsoas > attaches to psoas tendon and lesser trochanter

Question 8

Which nerve supplies Psoas Major?

Answer 8

Anterior Rami L1-L3

Question 9

Attachment sites for Psoas major?

Answer 9

Origin: T12-L5 vertebra, IV discs, Lumbar Transverse processes
Inserts: Lesser Trochanter

Question 10

Attachment sites for Pectineus?

Answer 10

Origin: superior ramus of the pubis
Inserts: obliquely into pectineal line of femur

Question 11

Which nerve supplies Pectineus?

Answer 11

Femoral nerve (L2, L3) ( - sometimes from obturaror)

Question 12

Attachment sites for Sartorius?

Answer 12

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
Inserts: upper medial surface of tibia

Question 13

Which nerve supplies Sartorius?

Answer 13

Femoral nerve (L2, L3)

Question 14

Which nerve supplies the quadricep muscles?

Answer 14

Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

Question 15

Name the tendon the quadriceps muscle create

Answer 15

Quadriceps Tendon - surrounds patella bone (seasmoid bone)

Question 16

Which muscle can help prevent dislocation of the patella?

Answer 16

Vastus Medialis - because it runs almost transverse to patella

Question 17

Name the muscles in the Medial Compartment

Answer 17

Gracilis; Adductor Longus; Adductor Brevis; Adductor Magnus; Obturator Externus

Question 18

Which nerve supplies the Medial Compartment?

Answer 18

Obturator nerve; all have slightly different root values

Question 19

Function of Gracilis muscle?

Answer 19

adducts the hip, flexes the knee

Question 20

Function of Adductor Longus and Brevis?

Answer 20

Adducts the thigh

Question 21

Function of the Adductor Magnus?

Answer 21

Primarily adducts and flexes the thigh - hamstring part extends the thigh

Question 22

Function of Obturator

Externus?

Answer 22

Laterally rotates the thigh and does NOT adduct.

Question 23

Which nerve supplies Gracilis?

Answer 23

Obturator nerve (L2,L3)

Question 24

Which nerve supplies Adductor Longus, Brevis and Magnus?

Answer 24

Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)

Question 25

Which nerve supplies Obturator Externus?

Answer 25

Obturator nerve (L3, L4)

Question 26

Attachment sites for Gracilis?

Answer 26

Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis Inserts: distally into the superior medial surface of the tibia

Question 27

Attachment sites for Adductor Longus?

Answer 27

Origin: proximally from body of pubis Inserts: Linea aspera on Femur

Question 28

Attachment sites for Adductor Brevis?

Answer 28

Origin: inferior ramus of pubis Inserts: Into pectineal line and proximally on Linea Aspera

Question 29

Attachment sites for Adductor Magnus?

Answer 29

Origin: ischiopubic ramus and ischial tuberosity (wraps like a curtain) Inserts: Linea aspera, medialsupracondylar line and adductor tubercle

Question 30

Attachment sites for Obturator Externus?

Answer 30

Origin: margins of the obturator foramen and obturaror membrane Inserts: trochanteric fossa

Question 31

What does the adductor canal contain?

Answer 31

Saphenous nerve (goes down to supply skin of anteromedial knee, leg and foot), femoral vessels

Question 32

What are the boundaries of the adductor canal?

Answer 32

``` Roof = Sartorius Floor = Vastus Medialis and Adductor Longus ```

Question 33

Name the terminal cutaneous branch of the Femoral Nerve

Answer 33

Saphenous Nerve

Question 34

What does the Femoral Artery supply?

Answer 34

Anterior and anteromedial thigh

Question 35

Name the pathway of the Femoral Artery?

Answer 35

Femoral triangle to adductor canal, then to adductor hiatus where it becomes the Popliteal Artery

Question 36

Name the branches of the Profunda Femoris

Answer 36

Medial and lateral circumflex femoral branches, as well as 3-4 perforating branches to supply lateral thigh

Question 37

Describe the pathway of the obturator artery

Answer 37

Through the obturator foramen to medial compartment, gives anterior (to medial compartment) and posterior branches (to muscles attached to ischial tuberosity)

Question 38

What is the Cruciate Anastomosis?

Answer 38

An anastamosis of inferior gluteal, medial circumflex femoral, lateral circumflex femoral and 1st perforating branch of profunda femoris

Question 39

Function of Cruciate Anastamosis

Answer 39

Second method of supply incase of blockage.